Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Described since 1939 in the adult population, spontaneous pneumomediastinum is less known in children. Because of its symptoms and a generally benign evolution, it is probably an underestimated diagnosis. However, it has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute thoracic pain. METHODS:The incidence being low, we conducted a narrative literature review to identify the circumstances leading to a spontaneous pneumomediastinum, the most relevant signs and symptoms, investigations, as well as treatment recommendations. RESULTS:Of 216 patients, 66.2% are boys, and mean ages range from 6.9 to 14 years. The most frequent comorbidity in children is asthma (22.2%), and the most common trigger factors are bronchospasm (49%), cough (45.6%), various respiratory tract infections, vomiting (10.3%), and foreign body aspiration (8.3%). It remains idiopathic in 33.3%. Relevant signs are chest pain (54.6%), neck pain and/or sore throat (53.3%), and dyspnea (41.2%). The most relevant sign is palpation of subcutaneous emphysema (66.4%). The classically described Hamman crunch is only present in 11.6%. Chest x-ray provides the right diagnosis in 99.5% of the patients. Pneumothorax is associated in 11.6%. Most patients are hospitalized (88.3%); treatment is based on oxygen therapy, painkillers, and rest. In some series, there can be up to 25.8% of patients requiring intensive care and 5.5% requiring drainage of associated pneumothorax. Survival rate is 92.5%, and long-term follow-up shows normal x-rays after 4 days and no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS:Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is uncommon in children but must be considered in pediatric patients with acute chest and/or neck pain. History taking, physical examination, and standard chest x-ray are most often diagnostic, and there is rarely a need for other investigation.Hospitalization is not always indispensable; ambulatory management can be considered. Outcome is good, and follow-up can be clinical, therefore avoiding further x-rays.
journal_name
Pediatr Emerg Carejournal_title
Pediatric emergency careauthors
Gasser CR,Pellaton R,Rochat CPdoi
10.1097/PEC.0000000000000625subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-05-01 00:00:00pages
370-374issue
5eissn
0749-5161issn
1535-1815journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the pediatric advanced life support (PALS) course contributes to the knowledge required by health care providers for pediatric resuscitation and whether differences in achievement exist between professional groups. METHODS:Physicians, nurses, and paramedics from across Israel who registe...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006565-200206000-00004
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of a patient presenting with fever, right lower leg swelling, and pain who was found to have a fluid collection between muscle planes noted on point-of-care ultrasound. Point-of-care ultrasound raised the clinician's concern for deep musculoskeletal infection, leading to prompt initiation of antibioti...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001711
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We illustrate a case of an 8-year-old boy presenting acutely with bilateral lower extremity pain and weakness. This case illustrates the presentation and progression of a rare and potentially lethal diagnosis and highlights the use of computed tomography angiography in the setting of a patient with acute onset of pain...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0b013e31822c2896
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 22-month-old girl without any significant medical history accidentally consumed a small amount of a therapeutic compounding cream that contained camphor, gabapentin, clonidine, ketoprofen, and lidocaine. Upon presentation to the emergency department, the child exhibited immediate onset of altered mental status with ...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000000790
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:National rates of left (or leaving) without being seen (LWBS) in pediatric emergency departments (PED) are higher than general emergency departments. We investigated coexisting perspectives on LWBS. METHODS:Q-methodology was implemented through a mixed-methods design. Semistructured interviews elicited a con...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001792
更新日期:2019-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Subcutaneous granuloma annulare is an inflammatory lesion occurring in otherwise healthy children. We present 3 pediatric patients with different diagnostic-therapeutic paths depending on the ward they were referred to. The lesions regress spontaneously, and medical or surgical treatments are generally not necessary. ...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000000591
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike adults, small children and infants do not require stretchers or ambulances for transport from a prehospital scene to the emergency department (ED). This study was designed to determine the importance of this difference in patient transport needs. A Macintosh Classic computer was programmed to compare the time t...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006565-199202000-00003
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children who have been sexually abused develop a variety of emotional and physical complaints, often unrelated to the genital area. Emergency department records of children diagnosed as being sexually abused were reviewed for the period covering January 1984 through June 1985. Of 26,000 patients seen, 300 cases of sex...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006565-198609000-00002
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Timely delivery of β-agonists and steroids to patients with acute recurrent wheezing is a key component of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute recommended emergency department (ED) asthma care. We conducted an ED improvement initiative to standardize asthma care and improve time to treatments. METH...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001249
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the case of an unrestrained driver with achondroplastic dwarfism who suffered a fatal anterior neck injury when her airbag deployed as she rear-ended another vehicle at 30-40 mph. Her short stature and short limbs required her to sit within a handbreadth of the steering wheel, which probably allowed the airb...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Since 1987 the average length of stay for infants following hospital delivery has decreased 1.8 days. This study was undertaken to evaluate the null hypothesis that early discharge of newborns from nurseries does not result in increased emergency department (ED) utilization during the first 10 days of life...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006565-199712000-00001
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the mechanisms of pulmonary injury associated with smoke inhalation and the pathophysiology of carbon monoxide poisoning. In addition, the temporal stages of pulmonary injury and evaluation and treatment of the pediatric patient are discussed. Maintaining a high index of suspicion when treating th...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006565-198603000-00010
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW) syndrome is a rare müllerian duct anomaly with uterus didelphys, unilateral obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Patients with this syndrome generally present after menarche with pelvic pain and mass and, rarely, primary infertility in later years. Strong suspicion and ...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000000052
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Poisoning is the leading cause of injury death in pediatric patients. Hospital and provider readiness, including pharmacy stocking, depends on reliable surveillance data describing local patterns of age-specific clinically significant exposures and the therapeutic modalities employed in their t...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001893
更新日期:2019-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::The recent popularity of elastic bands on the wrist may put children at risk for acute compartment syndrome. Acute compartment syndrome is a limb-threatening condition characterized by elevated interstitial pressure in a confined fascial compartment. If left untreated, it may result in tissue necrosis, irreversible ne...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0b013e318217b5a7
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess outcomes between 2 groups of patients receiving ketamine for procedural sedations in our pediatric emergency department. Our hypothesis is that there is no difference in the number of adverse events in ketamine sedations with and without morphine pretreatment. METHODS:This was a retrospective cohor...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.pec.0000221339.26873.14
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Vascular injury in pediatric trauma patients is uncommon but associated with a reported mortality greater than 19% in some series. The purpose of this study was to characterize pediatric major vascular injuries (MVIs) and analyze mortality at a high-volume combined adult and pediatric trauma center. METHODS...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001642
更新日期:2018-10-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) and abusive head trauma (AHT) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Clinicians may not be aware of AHT at presentation to the emergency department (ED). OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to determine which clinical features associated with head injury ...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000002239
更新日期:2020-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Penetrating middle ear injury may cause hearing loss, vertigo, or facial nerve injury, although facial nerve paralysis followed by head trauma is a rare condition. In this study, we report a case of a 3-year-old patient with delayed facial palsy on the left side that developed 4 days after an accidental tympanic membr...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001875
更新日期:2019-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::The ingestion of foreign bodies remains a common occurrence in children. Most ingested foreign bodies pass spontaneously, although up to 1% will result in intestinal perforation. Specific foreign bodies such as sharp, pointed, or corrosive objects have been typically associated with perforation. The initial diagnosis ...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0b013e3180302be6
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES AND METHODS:The aim of the present retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was to determine the characteristics of febrile 3- to 36-month-old children who were admitted to the emergency department (ED) with the chief complaint of fever and returned with the same complaint within 72 hours (returning...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0b013e31823a3e86
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease affecting multiple systems, and its various symptoms are often mistaken for other diseases. This case report describes a 15-year-old girl who presented to the emergency department with complaints of diffuse abdominal pain, facial swelling, joint pain, low-gra...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001066
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare adrenergically mediated arrhythmogenic disorder classically induced by exercise or emotional stress and found in structurally normal hearts. It is an important cause of cardiac syncope and sudden death in childhood. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ve...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182360606
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to compare the role of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of open-globe trauma and intraocular foreign body (IOFB) in pediatric and adult age groups. METHODS:Medical records of cases with open-globe trauma at Inonu University Hospital's Ophthalmology Emergency Service were r...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0000000000001747
更新日期:2019-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the clinical course and determine the minimal observation period required following isopropanol ingestion in children. METHODS:The emergency department records of children less than 6 years of age with isopropanol ingestion who presented between June 1992 and December 1998 were identified. Demogr...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006565-200008000-00005
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Fever in young infants frequently triggers a laboratory evaluation because of the increased likelihood of serious bacterial infections. Reported fever by methods other than rectal thermometry is of concern. This study evaluates the validity of perceived, pacifier, and temporal artery (TA) temperatures. METH...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.pec.0000086231.54586.15
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty pediatric cases of carbamazepine overdoses were reviewed retrospectively for the frequency of toxic effects. Patients were divided into three groups, depending on the type of overdose: acute, acute-on-chronic, and chronic. Effects included lethargy in 93%, ataxia in 50%, nystagmus in 13%, and minor arrhythmias ...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006565-199410000-00004
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of sphenoid sinusitis is presented. This case exemplifies the need to consider sinusitis in the differential diagnosis of severe headache, even without the accompanying signs and symptoms of sinusitis. The clinical, presentation, diagnostic work-up, potential complications, and treatment of sphenoid sinusitis a...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006565-198709000-00005
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fructose-1,6-diphosphatase (FDPase) enzyme deficiency is a rare inherited metabolic disease. Affected patients usually present with metabolic crisis including hypoglycemia, acidosis, ketonuria, and hyperuricemia. A previously healthy 8-month-old male infant presented with fever, vomiting, and hypoactivity. He had tach...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PEC.0b013e31823b412d
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe two related cases of pertussis infection ("whooping cough"). This disease entity was almost completely eradicated through successful mass immunization programs. In the past decade it has demonstrated a steady rise in incidence. The epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and current vaccines for ...
journal_title:Pediatric emergency care
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00