Comparing performance of surgeons using risk-adjusted procedures.

Abstract:

:It is naive and incorrect to use the proportions of successful operations to compare the performance of surgeons because the patients' risk profiles are different. In this paper, we explore the use of risk-adjusted procedures to compare the performance of surgeons. One such risk-adjusted statistic is the standardized mortality ratio (SMR), which measures the performance of a surgeon adjusted for the risks of patients assuming the average performance of a group of surgeons. Unlike the traditional SMR which is defined based on a population, this SMR is a random variable. Thus, all existing results for the traditional SMR are not valid unless the sample is large enough to be considered a population. In this paper, we develop two risk-adjusted procedures for comparing the performance of surgeons. The asymptotic distributions of the test statistics are derived. We also use the bootstrap procedure to estimate finite-sample distributions. Both probability of type I error and power of these procedures are investigated. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

journal_name

Stat Med

journal_title

Statistics in medicine

authors

Tang X,Gan FF

doi

10.1002/sim.7310

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-07-20 00:00:00

pages

2601-2613

issue

16

eissn

0277-6715

issn

1097-0258

journal_volume

36

pub_type

杂志文章
  • A large class of models derived from generalized linear models.

    abstract::Generalized linear models may be extended in several ways. This paper describes five such extensions: (i) generalized additive models; (ii) the use of quasi-likelihood; (iii) joint modelling of mean and dispersion; (iv) introduction of extra random components to give hierarchical generalized linear models; (v) modelli...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19981215)17:23<2747::aid-s

    authors: Nelder JA

    更新日期:1998-12-15 00:00:00

  • Doubly robust estimation of the weighted average treatment effect for a target population.

    abstract::The weighted average treatment effect is a causal measure for the comparison of interventions in a specific target population, which may be different from the population where data are sampled from. For instance, when the goal is to introduce a new treatment to a target population, the question is what efficacy (or ef...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.7980

    authors: Tao Y,Fu H

    更新日期:2019-02-10 00:00:00

  • Permutation tests for joinpoint regression with applications to cancer rates.

    abstract::The identification of changes in the recent trend is an important issue in the analysis of cancer mortality and incidence data. We apply a joinpoint regression model to describe such continuous changes and use the grid-search method to fit the regression function with unknown joinpoints assuming constant variance and ...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(20000215)19:3<335::aid-sim

    authors: Kim HJ,Fay MP,Feuer EJ,Midthune DN

    更新日期:2000-02-15 00:00:00

  • A hierarchical testing approach for detecting safety signals in clinical trials.

    abstract::Detecting safety signals in clinical trial safety data is known to be challenging due to high dimensionality, rare occurrence, weak signal, and complex dependence. We propose a new hierarchical testing approach for analyzing safety data from a typical randomized clinical trial. This approach accounts for the hierarchi...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.8495

    authors: Tan X,Chen BE,Sun J,Patel T,Ibrahim JG

    更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00

  • The relationship between hot-deck multiple imputation and weighted likelihood.

    abstract::Hot-deck imputation is an intuitively simple and popular method of accommodating incomplete data. Users of the method will often use the usual multiple imputation variance estimator which is not appropriate in this case. However, no variance expression has yet been derived for this easily implemented method applied to...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19970115)16:1<5::aid-sim46

    authors: Reilly M,Pepe M

    更新日期:1997-01-15 00:00:00

  • The many weak instruments problem and Mendelian randomization.

    abstract::Instrumental variable estimates of causal effects can be biased when using many instruments that are only weakly associated with the exposure. We describe several techniques to reduce this bias and estimate corrected standard errors. We present our findings using a simulation study and an empirical application. For th...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.6358

    authors: Davies NM,von Hinke Kessler Scholder S,Farbmacher H,Burgess S,Windmeijer F,Smith GD

    更新日期:2015-02-10 00:00:00

  • Marginal versus conditional versus 'structural source' models: a rationale for an alternative to log-linear methods for capture-recapture estimates.

    abstract::Log-linear models for capture-recapture type data are widely used for estimating sizes of populations. Log-linear methods model conditional interactions between the sources. Often, however, the marginal associations are more appropriate and easier for the practitioner to conceptualize. Analyses here of previously publ...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19980115)17:1<69::aid-sim7

    authors: Regal RR,Hook EB

    更新日期:1998-01-15 00:00:00

  • Group sequential testing of the predictive accuracy of a continuous biomarker with unknown prevalence.

    abstract::Group sequential testing procedures have been proposed as an approach to conserving resources in biomarker validation studies. Previously, we derived the asymptotic properties of the sequential empirical positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) curves, which summarize the predictive accuracy...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.6790

    authors: Koopmeiners JS,Feng Z

    更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00

  • Identifying optimal risk windows for self-controlled case series studies of vaccine safety.

    abstract::In vaccine safety studies, subjects are considered at increased risk for adverse events for a period of time after vaccination known as risk window. To our knowledge, risk windows for vaccine safety studies have tended to be pre-defined and not to use information from the current study. Inaccurate specification of the...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.4125

    authors: Xu S,Zhang L,Nelson JC,Zeng C,Mullooly J,McClure D,Glanz J

    更新日期:2011-03-30 00:00:00

  • Individualizing drug dosage with longitudinal data.

    abstract::We propose a two-step procedure to personalize drug dosage over time under the framework of a log-linear mixed-effect model. We model patients' heterogeneity using subject-specific random effects, which are treated as the realizations of an unspecified stochastic process. We extend the conditional quadratic inference ...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.7016

    authors: Zhu X,Qu A

    更新日期:2016-10-30 00:00:00

  • Regression analysis applied to PVC histories: a statistical procedure for evaluating antiarrhythmic drug efficacy.

    abstract::Suppression of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) is one of the goals of antiarrhythmic therapy. In a clinical trial, however, it may be difficult to distinguish antiarrhythmic drug effect from spontaneous variation in PVCs. We propose the application of linear regression to PVC histories to ascertain drug effe...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.4780020305

    authors: Berry DA,Fox TL

    更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00

  • Robust fitting for neuroreceptor mapping.

    abstract::Among many other uses, positron emission tomography (PET) can be used in studies to estimate the density of a neuroreceptor at each location throughout the brain by measuring the concentration of a radiotracer over time and modeling its kinetics. There are a variety of kinetic models in common usage and these typicall...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.3510

    authors: Chang C,Ogden RT

    更新日期:2009-03-15 00:00:00

  • Biomarker discovery using targeted maximum-likelihood estimation: application to the treatment of antiretroviral-resistant HIV infection.

    abstract::Researchers in clinical science and bioinformatics frequently aim to learn which of a set of candidate biomarkers is important in determining a given outcome, and to rank the contributions of the candidates accordingly. This article introduces a new approach to research questions of this type, based on targeted maximu...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.3414

    authors: Bembom O,Petersen ML,Rhee SY,Fessel WJ,Sinisi SE,Shafer RW,van der Laan MJ

    更新日期:2009-01-15 00:00:00

  • Consequences of event rate heterogeneity across non-randomized study sub-groups.

    abstract::Analyses to compare non-randomized groups are more and more common in both post hoc analyses of randomized clinical trials data and in analyses of long-term observational data. In such cases, it is quite likely that there are unknown or uncollected sources of heterogeneity in event rates. Research has shown that an un...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.1795

    authors: Eberly LE

    更新日期:2004-07-15 00:00:00

  • On estimation of the variance in Cochran-Armitage trend tests for genetic association using case-control studies.

    abstract::The Cochran-Armitage trend test has been used in case-control studies for testing genetic association. As the variance of the test statistic is a function of unknown parameters, e.g. disease prevalence and allele frequency, it must be estimated. The usual estimator combining data for cases and controls assumes they fo...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.2250

    authors: Zheng G,Gastwirth JL

    更新日期:2006-09-30 00:00:00

  • Log-linear model selections in a rural dental health study.

    abstract::This field study sought to measure the effects of dental delivery and school-based, dental health education on use of dental health care by children in grades K-6. We attempted to control for two potential confounding factors by an approximate randomization of children into treatment groups with stratification on grad...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1002/sim.4780020107

    authors: Oler J,Bentley JM

    更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00

  • A joint test for progression and survival with interval-censored data from a cancer clinical trial.

    abstract::Clinical trials often assess efficacy by comparing treatments on the basis of two or more event-time outcomes. In the case of cancer clinical trials, progression-free survival (PFS), which is the minimum of the time from randomization to progression or to death, summarizes the comparison of treatments on the hazards f...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.6096

    authors: Finkelstein DM,Schoenfeld DA

    更新日期:2014-05-30 00:00:00

  • The analysis of continuous outcomes in multi-centre trials with small centre sizes.

    abstract::The standard analysis of clinical trials stratified by centre is to include centres as fixed effects, but if many centres contribute small numbers of patients, this approach results in a loss of power. Assuming no treatment by centre interaction, we used simulation to examine power and coverage of confidence intervals...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.3068

    authors: Pickering RM,Weatherall M

    更新日期:2007-12-30 00:00:00

  • Two-stage residual inclusion for survival data and competing risks-An instrumental variable approach with application to SEER-Medicare linked data.

    abstract::Instrumental variable is an essential tool for addressing unmeasured confounding in observational studies. Two-stage predictor substitution (2SPS) estimator and two-stage residual inclusion (2SRI) are two commonly used approaches in applying instrumental variables. Recently, 2SPS was studied under the additive hazards...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.8071

    authors: Ying A,Xu R,Murphy J

    更新日期:2019-05-10 00:00:00

  • Power and money in cluster randomized trials: when is it worth measuring a covariate?

    abstract::The power to detect a treatment effect in cluster randomized trials can be increased by increasing the number of clusters. An alternative is to include covariates into the regression model that relates treatment condition to outcome. In this paper, formulae are derived in order to evaluate both strategies on basis of ...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.2297

    authors: Moerbeek M

    更新日期:2006-08-15 00:00:00

  • Exact logistic models for nested binary data.

    abstract::The use of logistic models for independent binary data has relied first on asymptotic theory and later on exact distributions for small samples. However, the use of logistic models for dependent analysis based on exact analysis is not as common. Moreover, attention is usually given to one-stage clustering. In this pap...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.4157

    authors: Troxler S,Lalonde T,Wilson JR

    更新日期:2011-04-15 00:00:00

  • Bayesian bivariate meta-analysis of diagnostic test studies using integrated nested Laplace approximations.

    abstract::For bivariate meta-analysis of diagnostic studies, likelihood approaches are very popular. However, they often run into numerical problems with possible non-convergence. In addition, the construction of confidence intervals is controversial. Bayesian methods based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling could be u...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.3858

    authors: Paul M,Riebler A,Bachmann LM,Rue H,Held L

    更新日期:2010-05-30 00:00:00

  • Fast linear mixed model computations for genome-wide association studies with longitudinal data.

    abstract::Genome-wide association studies are characterized by a huge number of statistical tests performed to discover new disease-related genetic variants [in the form of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] in human DNA. Many SNPs have been identified for cross-sectionally measured phenotypes. However, there is a growing ...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.5517

    authors: Sikorska K,Rivadeneira F,Groenen PJ,Hofman A,Uitterlinden AG,Eilers PH,Lesaffre E

    更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00

  • Analysis of messy longitudinal data from a randomized clinical trial. MRC Lung Cancer Working Party.

    abstract::The randomized clinical trial, LU19, conducted by the Medical Research Council Lung Cancer Working Party, was designed to compare ACE (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and etoposide) chemotherapy plus G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) at 2-week intervals versus ACE chemotherapy alone at standard 3-week interv...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-0258(20001015)19:19<2657::aid-sim557>

    authors: Qian W,Parmar MK,Sambrook RJ,Fayers PM,Girling DJ,Stephens RJ

    更新日期:2000-10-15 00:00:00

  • Rank-based principal stratum sensitivity analyses.

    abstract::We describe rank-based approaches to assess principal stratification treatment effects in studies where the outcome of interest is only well-defined in a subgroup selected after randomization. Our methods are sensitivity analyses, in that estimands are identified by fixing a parameter and then we investigate the sensi...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.5849

    authors: Lu X,Mehrotra DV,Shepherd BE

    更新日期:2013-11-20 00:00:00

  • A simple method for comparing correlated ROC curves using incomplete data.

    abstract::Comparative studies of the accuracy of diagnostic procedures often use a paired design to gain in efficiency. Standard methods for analysing data from paired designs require complete observations. In many studies, however, one of the test results may be missing for some patients. In this paper, we propose a simple cor...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19960815)15:15<1687::AID-S

    authors: Zhou XH,Gatsonis CA

    更新日期:1996-08-15 00:00:00

  • Commentary: How the debate about comparative effectiveness research should impact the future of clinical trials.

    abstract::Comparative effectiveness research represents the kind of research that arguably more directly affects clinical practice and policy. It includes observational studies, clinical trials, and systematic syntheses of existing literature. In this commentary, I argue for the ongoing and critical role of randomization in com...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.5400

    authors: Lauer MS

    更新日期:2012-11-10 00:00:00

  • Bayesian model of disease progression in GNE myopathy.

    abstract::One Sentence Summary: A Bayesian repeated measures model based on quantitative muscle strength data from a prospective Natural History Study was developed to determine disease progression and design clinical trials for GNE myopathy, a rare and slowly progressive muscle disease. GNE myopathy is a rare muscle disease ch...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.8050

    authors: Quintana M,Shrader J,Slota C,Joe G,McKew JC,Fitzgerald M,Gahl WA,Berry S,Carrillo N

    更新日期:2019-04-15 00:00:00

  • A comparison of group sequential methods for binary longitudinal data.

    abstract::Interim analyses are conducted to allow for early termination of the trial, for ethical as well as economical reasons. Here we consider interim analyses in repeated measurements studies where the measurements are binary. Two methods for analysing this kind of data are compared according to their operating characterist...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.1361

    authors: Spiessens B,Lesaffre E,Verbeke G

    更新日期:2003-02-28 00:00:00

  • Design evaluation and optimisation in crossover pharmacokinetic studies analysed by nonlinear mixed effects models.

    abstract::Bioequivalence or interaction trials are commonly studied in crossover design and can be analysed by nonlinear mixed effects models as an alternative to noncompartmental approach. We propose an extension of the population Fisher information matrix in nonlinear mixed effects models to design crossover pharmacokinetic t...

    journal_title:Statistics in medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/sim.4390

    authors: Nguyen TT,Bazzoli C,Mentré F

    更新日期:2012-05-20 00:00:00