Abstract：
:Field potentials and radial current source-densities (CSDs) evoked by optic tract stimulation were observed in goldfish tectum in vitro. The effects of different concentrations of calcium and magnesium were studied to improve understanding of component events in retinotectal transmission and interpretations of effects of pharmacological agents. Responses were of 3 forms: 'non-synaptic', 'subthreshold', and 'complex.' Subthreshold responses occurred when amplitudes were less than 40% of their maximal levels. They consisted of a sink-source pair with the sink in the superficial optic neuropil and the source 100-150 micron deeper. They were monophasic, rising in 1-2 ms and decaying as simple exponentials with time constants between 3.3 and 4.5 ms. Several other conditions which reduce amplitudes (besides low [Ca2+] and/or high [Mg2+]) produce responses of the subthreshold form. Complex responses, observed when amplitudes were 40-100% of maximal, were characterized by more rapid rise and decay and included, in the most extreme cases, a late, long, low-amplitude sink-source pair of opposite polarity. We propose that the time course of decay of subthreshold responses is determined by the passive cable properties of bi- or multistratified neurons with one dendritic arbor in the optic neuropil and a second arbor 100-250 micron deeper. Complex responses probably include recurrent inhibition to depolarized dendrites of the optic neuropil, latent by 4 ms to the monosynaptic excitation. Pharmacological assessments of retinotectal transmission may be made more precise by using low [Ca2+]/high [Mg2+] media to isolate monosynaptic activity.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Langdon RB,Manis PB,Freeman JAdoi
10.1016/0006-8993(88)91408-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-02-16 00:00:00pages
299-308issue
1-2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
0006-8993(88)91408-4journal_volume
441pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:Migraine and anxiety disorders are frequently co-morbid with balance disorders. This study examined the relative distribution of subtypes of serotonin (5-HT) receptor in the inner ear of monkeys and rats. Most vestibular ganglion cells were immunoreactive for 5-HT(1B) and 5-HT(1D) receptors in macaques and rats. In th...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2010.05.057
更新日期：2010-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunohistochemistry for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), tyrosine hydroxylase and calbindin D-28k was performed on the glossopharyngeal and vagal ganglia in mCOUP-TFI knockout mice to know the effect of its deficiency on different types of primary sensory neurons. In wild type and heterozygous mice, the glosso...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2004.04.024
更新日期：2004-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucose transporter (GLUT) 4 plays an important role in insulin-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue. Although GLUT4 is abundant in the hypothalamus as well as in these peripheral tissues, little is known about the role of GLUT4 in the hypothalamus. In this study, we examined the subcellu...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2005.04.079
更新日期：2005-07-05 00:00:00
abstract：:In urethane-anesthetized cats, ordinary and partial coherence values relating the 10-Hz rhythmic discharges of sympathetic nerves located on opposite sides of the body were not significantly affected by midsagittal section of the spinal cord from the seventh cervical through eighth thoracic or first cervical through e...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)01355-l
更新日期：1995-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulating evidence indicates that extensive microglia activation-mediated local inflammation contributes to neuronal injury in cerebral ischemia. We have previously shown that 4-(2-butyl-6, 7-dichloro-2-cyclopentyl-indan-1-on-5-yl) oxobutyric acid (DCPIB), a potent volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) inhibitor, s...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2013.10.026
更新日期：2014-01-13 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we examined the induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in glia in the traumatized rat brain. HO-1 was immunolocalized in fixed sections of brain 3 h to 5 days after injury. Induction of this enzyme in astrocytes, microglia/macrophages, and oligodendrocytes was evaluated using immunofluorescent double label...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(96)00680-4
更新日期：1996-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined protein kinase C gamma-like immunoreactivity (PKCgamma-LI) of trigeminothalamic neurons in the rat medullary dorsal horn (MDH) after injecting a retrograde tracer, Fluoro-Gold (FG), into the thalamus. Over 90% of FG-labeled neurons in the marginal layer (lamina I) and a few FG-labeled neurons in the superf...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02777-9
更新日期：2001-09-21 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate whether tactile spatial attention is modulated by perceptual load, behavioural and electrophysiological measures were recorded during two spatial cuing tasks in which the difficulty of the target/non-target discrimination was varied (High and Low load tasks). Moreover, to study whether attentional modul...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2017.08.007
更新日期：2017-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Ascending auditory projections to the nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis pars dorsalis (MLd) were studied in white Leghorn chickens by means of unilateral injections of horseradish peroxidase into the MLd and by injections of tritiated leucine into nucleus angularis or the combined nucleus magnocellularis and nucleus l...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(86)91583-0
更新日期：1986-03-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Stanniocalcin (STC-1), a 50 kDa glycoprotein hormone that regulates calcium/phosphate homeostasis in bony fish and mammals, has been shown to be expressed in central neurons and choroid plexus, and to exert a protective effect against hypercalcemic and hypoxic damage to neurons. Circumventricular organs are known to f...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.04.070
更新日期：2008-07-07 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the role played by the basal forebrain cholinergic system in cortical activation, neuronal activity was investigated in the globus pallidus and substantia innominata of urethane-anaesthetized rats during large cortical slow waves and spontaneous or elicited low voltage fast activity. An effort was made to i...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)91521-6
更新日期：1987-12-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Different groups of rats received three injections of either D-amphetamine (2.5 micrograms/0.5 microliters/side) or saline into the ventral tegmental area (VTA), one injection every third day. Two weeks following the last injection, dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens (N. Acc.) was assessed with i...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)91761-g
更新日期：1993-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Honokiol, a major bioactive constituent of the bark of Magnolia officinalis has been confirmed to have the neuroprotective effect on ischemic stroke in rats. This study was designed to observe the therapeutic time window of honokiol microemulsion on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury to support its potential for fut...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2012.11.004
更新日期：2013-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:To test the hypothesis that functional metabolic deficits observed following surgical brain injury are associated with changes in cognitive performance in rodents, we performed serial imaging studies in parallel with behavioral measures in control animals and in animals with surgical implants. Memory function was asse...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.01.134
更新日期：2007-05-04 00:00:00
abstract：:gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis in the brain is mediated by two major isoforms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, GAD(65) and GAD(67). The contribution of these isoforms to GABA synthesis flux (V(GAD)) is not known quantitatively. In the present study we compared V(GAD) in cortex of control and vigabatrin-treate...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02778-0
更新日期：2001-09-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The putative role of the opioid system in cognitive and memory functions prompted us to search for possible changes in the cohort of the major opioid receptors, mu, delta and kappa, in Alzheimer's disease. The present study examines alterations in opioid receptor levels by quantitative autoradiography. These experimen...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03302-3
更新日期：2001-03-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of the subcellular localization of neuroreceptors in the rat brain have shown that most of them are associated with light and low density subcellular fractions. In two human brain areas, quite different subcellular distributions were observed. After fractionation by differential centrifugation of frontal corte...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)00488-c
更新日期：1995-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Overactivation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in response to DNA damage is considered to play a crucial role in the development of post-ischemic neuronal injury, such as ischemic stroke. The present study was undertaken to clarify the beneficial effects of MP-124, a novel PARP-1 inhibitor, on neurological ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2011.05.069
更新日期：2011-09-02 00:00:00
abstract：:In the framework of a series of investigations concerning the neural substrate of aversion, electrophysiological methods were used in order to specify, within the rat's periaqueductal gray (PAG), functional properties, viz. conduction velocity and refractory period, of PAG neurons already assessed in previous studies ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(86)90140-x
更新日期：1986-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies suggest that apolipoprotein E (apoE) might play a neurotrophic function in the central nervous system and that altered functioning of this molecule could result in neurodegeneration. The main objective of this study was to determine if neurodegenerative and cognitive alterations in apoE-deficient mice a...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(96)01420-5
更新日期：1997-03-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this work was to characterize the gap junctions between cultured glomus cells of the rat carotid body and to assess the effects of acidity and accompanying changes in [Ca(2+)](i) on electric coupling. Dual voltage clamping of coupled glomus cells showed a mean macrojunctional conductance (G(j)) of 1.16 ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02862-1
更新日期：2001-10-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) has been proposed as a marker for injured neurons. Thus, while undetectable normally in sensory, motor, or sympathetic neurons, ATF3-like immunoreactivity (ATF3-IR) is readily detectable in such cells after axotomy. Here we examined ATF3-IR in the superior cervical ganglion (SC...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.05.019
更新日期：2007-07-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical microscopy and electrophysiological techniques were used to standardize the nomenclature for the pudendal nerve and sacral plexus according to their somatic axonal composition in the male rat. We conclude that the pudendal nerve is the segment running from the L6-S1 trunk to the sacral plexus, carrying effere...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00408-3
更新日期：1997-07-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The search for the neural substrate of a state of consciousness has led to the expectation that there may be neurons which discharge tonically and rhythmically during that state alone. We have now recorded in the cat the first evidence of neurons whose rhythmic discharge is consistent with the hypothesis of a tonicall...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(77)90900-3
更新日期：1977-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed as an intercellular messenger mediating postsynaptic to presynaptic information transfer in the induction of long-term potentiation. A number of studies support the possible involvement of NO in synaptic plasticity. NO may have a role in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity in dev...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01161-5
更新日期：1999-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:An immunohistochemical investigation of the bovine pineal gland was performed using both a rabbit polyclonal antibody and a rat monoclonal antibody against choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). A network of ChAT-immunoreactive (IR) nerve fibers was located throughout the pineal gland, both in the perivascular spaces and b...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(91)91268-6
更新日期：1991-04-05 00:00:00
abstract：:After the microinjection of morphine (5 micrograms/0.5 microliter) into the periaqueductal gray resulted in an increase in the hot-plate and tail-flick response latency of the unanesthetized rat, the alpha-adrenergic antagonists yohimbine, rauwolscine and corynanthine were given intrathecally. This treatment resulted ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(85)90424-x
更新日期：1985-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The rat mutant dystonic displays an autosomal recessive neurological disease characterized by slow, twisting movements of the limbs and trunk. Rats displaying clinical signs also show a decreased behavioral response to the dopaminergic blocker, haloperidol. Investigation of the development of the cataleptic response t...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)90920-x
更新日期：1984-08-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Locally applied ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) has a powerful effect on retrograde axonal reaction following facial nerve crush in neonatal rats. We examined whether it also exerts a strong effect on retrograde axonal reaction in young adult rats when administered subcutaneously. The dose was 1 mg/kg body weight, ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)01512-4
更新日期：1996-04-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Inducible cyclooxygenase 2 (COX 2) converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which are thought to mediate various peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced central effects, including generation of fever and activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. To localize prostaglandin production in the brain fo...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00402-8
更新日期：1998-08-17 00:00:00
