Varying Influences of Aldosterone on the Plasma Potassium Concentration in Blacks and Whites.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Aldosterone acts to restrain the extracellular potassium (K+) concentration. Blacks have on average lower plasma aldosterone concentrations (PACs) than Whites. Whether this ethnic difference is associated with similar changes in the concentration of K+ is unclear. METHODS:Subjects were Blacks and Whites from an observational study of blood pressure regulation. PAC was known to be significantly lower in Blacks than Whites. We sought to test the hypothesis that the concentration of K+ remains constant despite variability in PAC. Initial enrollment took place in childhood in 1986. Some of the original enrollees were studied again in adulthood: 160 healthy Blacks and 271 healthy Whites (ages 5 to 39 years; all were studied as children and as adults). RESULTS:Plasma renin activity [a biomarker of angiotensin II and, more proximally, extracellular fluid volume (ECFV)] and PAC were lower in Blacks (P < 0.0354 and P < 0.001, respectively, for all ages). At the same time no ethnic difference in levels of K+ was observed regardless of age. Plasma K+ concentration and PAC associated differently based on ethnicity: PAC increased in Blacks by 1.5-2.0 and in Whites by 2.3-3.0 ng/dl per mmol/l increase in K+ (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Lower aldosterone levels in Blacks did not translate into higher K+ concentrations. We speculate that reaching the right concentration of K+ was an endpoint of aldosterone production in the presence of varying levels of ECFV and angiotensin II.

journal_name

Am J Hypertens

authors

Tu W,Eckert GJ,Decker BS,Howard Pratt J

doi

10.1093/ajh/hpx006

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-05-01 00:00:00

pages

490-494

issue

5

eissn

0895-7061

issn

1941-7225

pii

3056161

journal_volume

30

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Plasma-renin response to isotonic volume contraction in young salt-sensitive normotensive men.

    abstract::Salt-sensitive persons have lower plasma renin activity than salt-resistant persons and their plasma renin activity increases less with a low sodium diet or volume depletion, compared to salt-resistant individuals. However, the time course of the renin response to acute volume contraction has not been studied in human...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(01)02226-9

    authors: Schorr U,Schultz C,Sharma AM

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension Study (PATHS). Rationale and design.

    abstract::Alcohol consumption has been recognized as an important correlate of blood pressure in many epidemiologic studies, but few interventional studies have been conducted to examine the effect of a reduction in alcohol intake on blood pressure. Because these studies have usually included few subjects and been of short dura...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1093/ajh/7.9.814

    authors: Cushman WC,Cutler JA,Bingham SF,Harford T,Hanna E,Dubbert P,Collins JF,Dufour M,Follman D,Allender PS

    更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00

  • Antihypertensive drug treatment and fibrinolytic function.

    abstract::Thromboembolic complications such as ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction are significantly more frequent in patients with arterial hypertension. From the available intervention studies, it appears that pharmacologic treatment of hypertension-at least with diuretics and beta-blockers-may more effectively protect ...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(97)00496-2

    authors: Lottermoser K,Weisser B,Hertfelder HJ,Wöstmann B,Vetter H,Düsing R

    更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00

  • Short-term oral folic acid supplementation enhances endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening are commonly observed in type 2 diabetes. These abnormalities might be secondary to increased plasma concentrations of homocysteine. We sought to determine whether oral folic acid supplementation, by lowering homocysteine levels, enhanced endothelial function a...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.08.036

    authors: Mangoni AA,Sherwood RA,Asonganyi B,Swift CG,Thomas S,Jackson SH

    更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00

  • Hypertension, pulse, and other cardiovascular risk factors and vitamin D status in Finnish men.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Debate exists about the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and cardiovascular (CVD) risk. METHODS:This study investigated baseline (n=2,271) 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and baseline and 4 year (n=1,957) CVD risk in a cohort of Finnish middle-aged male smokers. RESULTS:The prevalences of measured hype...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/ajh/hpt051

    authors: Ke L,Graubard BI,Albanes D,Fraser DR,Weinstein SJ,Virtamo J,Brock KE

    更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00

  • Association study of the elastin microfibril interfacer 1 (EMILIN1) gene in essential hypertension.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Elastin microfibril interfacer 1 (EMILIN-1) is a negative regulator of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling, which is involved in blood pressure (BP) homeostasis. Emilin1 knockout mice display elevated BP. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between the human EMILIN...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ajh.2010.16

    authors: Shimodaira M,Nakayama T,Sato N,Naganuma T,Yamaguchi M,Aoi N,Sato M,Izumi Y,Soma M,Matsumoto K

    更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00

  • Correlation between peripheral blood pressure and pulse-wave velocity values in the institutionalized elderly persons 80 years of age and older: the PARTAGE study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (PWV) provides a comprehensive noninvasive indication of arterial stiffness, and is now established as a strong marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The correlation between peripheral blood pressure (BP) and PWV and their respective influences on mortality have been poo...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1093/ajh/hps042

    authors: Miljkovic D,Perret-Guillaume C,Alla F,Salvi P,Erpelding ML,Benetos A

    更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00

  • Nocturnal Intermittent Hypoxia Is Associated With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Middle-Aged Men With Hypertension and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy are considered to be closely associated. However, the relationship has not yet been fully demonstrated and is hence still controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess in hypertensive male patients the relationship between OSA and c...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/ajh/hpv115

    authors: Yamaguchi T,Takata Y,Usui Y,Asanuma R,Nishihata Y,Kato K,Shiina K,Yamashina A

    更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00

  • Atrial natriuretic factor modulates the plasma levels of a Na+/K+ATPase inhibitor in volume expanded borderline hypertensives.

    abstract::To evaluate the existence of a relationship between atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and plasma Na+/K+ATPase inhibitory activity in humans, we examined the hemodynamic and humoral response to volume expansion in 41 borderline hypertensive patients (BHT) with either normal (n = 33) or low plasma renin activity (n = 8). ...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/ajh/4.7.618

    authors: Borghi C,Boschi S,Costa FV,Ambrosioni E

    更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00

  • Aortic PWV in chronic kidney disease: a CRIC ancillary study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a measure of arterial stiffness and has proved useful in predicting cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in several populations of patients, including the healthy elderly, hypertensives and those with end-stage renal disease receiving hemodialysis. Little data exist char...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1038/ajh.2009.240

    authors: Townsend RR,Wimmer NJ,Chirinos JA,Parsa A,Weir M,Perumal K,Lash JP,Chen J,Steigerwalt SP,Flack J,Go AS,Rafey M,Rahman M,Sheridan A,Gadegbeku CA,Robinson NA,Joffe M

    更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00

  • Production of C-type natriuretic peptide in human aortic endothelial cells induced by activation of protein kinase C.

    abstract::The effects of activators and inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC) on the production of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) by cultured human aortic endothelial cells were examined. The PKC activators phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and 1-oleoyl 2-acetyl glycerol (OAG) stimulated CNP release; the maximal effects we...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(96)00107-0

    authors: Yamada Y,Yokota M

    更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00

  • Antioxidant enzymes and effects of tempol on the development of hypertension induced by nitric oxide inhibition.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:This study analyzed whether hypertension induced by N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) is associated with dysregulation of the main antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase, glutathione peroxidase [GPX], and glutathione reductase [GR]) and whether chronic administration of tempo...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.12.022

    authors: Sainz J,Wangensteen R,Rodríguez Gómez I,Moreno JM,Chamorro V,Osuna A,Bueno P,Vargas F

    更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00

  • Nocturnal hypertension or nondipping: which is better associated with the cardiovascular risk profile?

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Both increased night blood pressure (BP) and nondipping are associated with worse cardiovascular risk and prognosis. However, as they are often related features, their relative importance has been difficult to assess separately. In this study we address separate associations of nocturnal hypertension and non...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/ajh/hpt175

    authors: de la Sierra A,Gorostidi M,Banegas JR,Segura J,de la Cruz JJ,Ruilope LM

    更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00

  • Aortic Hemodynamics and Arterial Stiffness Responses to Muscle Metaboreflex Activation With Concurrent Cold Pressor Test.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Overweight/obese young men have increased sympatho-excitation to cold and pain stress-induced by the cold pressor test (CPT) that may lead to abnormal hemodynamic responses. Concurrent CPT and exercise may augment the sympathetic-induced increases in aortic blood pressure (BP), pressure wave reflection (augm...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1093/ajh/hpv043

    authors: Kalfon R,Campbell J,Alvarez-Alvarado S,Figueroa A

    更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00

  • Actions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-gamma agonists explaining a possible blood pressure-lowering effect.

    abstract::The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disturbances such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and others for which insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia have been proposed to be the underlying disorders. Several possible mechanisms linking insulin resistance and comp...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.12.017

    authors: Sarafidis PA,Lasaridis AN

    更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00

  • Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors suppress the vascular renin-angiotensin system of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

    abstract::The effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on the release of angiotensin II (Ang II) from isolated mesenteric arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were examined. Delapril, enalapril, and captopril suppressed Ang II release in a dose-dependent manner. After oral treatment with delapril ...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/ajh/4.1.56s

    authors: Higashimori K,Nakamaru M,Tabuchi Y,Nagano M,Mikami H,Ogihara T,Inagami T

    更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00

  • PTH Is a Promising Auxiliary Index for the Clinical Diagnosis of Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulates aldosterone secretion in human adrenocortex and is regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. We speculated that measurement of PTH may be a valuable aid in the diagnosis of aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). METHODS:To test this hypothesis, we recruited 14...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/ajh/hpv146

    authors: Zhang LX,Gu WJ,Li YJ,Wang Y,Wang WB,Wang AP,Shen L,Zang L,Yang GQ,Lu ZH,Dou JT,Mu YM

    更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00

  • Opposite effects of cell growth factors and cicletanine sulfate on the sodium-independent [Cl-/HCO3-] exchange in cultured vascular smooth muscle.

    abstract::Cicletanine sulfate was tested on bicarbonate-dependent pHi changes in cultured vascular smooth muscle (A10 line). Cicletanine sulfate exhibited double reactivity with regard to the cell alkalinization induced by bicarbonate uptake. The analysis of 11 concentration-response curves revealed a high reactivity component ...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/ajh/6.8.674

    authors: Fanous K,Nazaret C,Senn N,Decoopman-Morin E,Allard M,Garay RP

    更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00

  • Maternal Blood Pressure Before Pregnancy and Sex of the Baby: A Prospective Preconception Cohort Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Population-level sociologic studies have suggested that adverse societal conditions may affect fetal viability in a sex-specific manner and thereby modify the ratio of male vs. female babies. This concept suggests that there may exist certain physiologic features in a woman that relate to her likelihood of d...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/ajh/hpw165

    authors: Retnakaran R,Wen SW,Tan H,Zhou S,Ye C,Shen M,Smith GN,Walker MC

    更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00

  • Endothelial dysfunction in resistance arteries is related to high blood pressure and circulating low density lipoproteins in previously treated hypertension.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Peripheral endothelial dysfunction has been demonstrated in hypertension. However, its relationship to blood pressure (BP) load, vascular structure, and metabolic disturbances in patients with long-standing, previously treated hypertension is unclear. METHODS:A total of 41 patients with stage I to III essen...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(01)02148-3

    authors: Olsen MH,Wachtell K,Aalkjaer C,Devereux RB,Dige-Petersen H,Ibsen H

    更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00

  • Changes of plasma endothelin and growth factor levels, and of left ventricular mass, after chronic AT1-receptor blockade in human hypertension.

    abstract::The stimulation of autocrine and paracrine factors such as basic fibroblast- (bFGF) and platelet-derived (PDGF) growth factors mediates many of the growth-promoting actions of angiotensin II. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic AT1-receptor blockade on plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) and growth fact...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(98)00027-2

    authors: Cottone S,Vadalà A,Vella MC,Nardi E,Mulé G,Contorno A,Riccobene R,Cerasola G

    更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of estradiol and progesterone on platelet calcium responses.

    abstract::We investigated the effects of 17 beta-estradiol (beta E2), alpha-estradiol (alpha E2), and progesterone (P) on baseline and vasopressin (AVP)-induced [Ca2+]i in human platelets obtained from healthy male and female volunteers. Platelets were treated with beta E2, alpha E2, P, or ethanol vehicle for 30 min at 37 degre...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0895-7061(94)00168-B

    authors: Raman BB,Standley PR,Rajkumar V,Ram JL,Sowers JR

    更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00

  • Ionic basis of hypertension, insulin resistance, vascular disease, and related disorders. The mechanism of "syndrome X".

    abstract::Great pathophysiological significance has recently been placed on the association of metabolic abnormalities, such as hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, obesity, and frank diabetes mellitus, with essential hypertension and coronary artery disease, and the clinical coincidence of these features has been termed "synd...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1093/ajh/6.4s.123s

    authors: Resnick LM

    更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00

  • Clinical overview of hypertension and emerging treatment considerations.

    abstract::Managing hypertension is a complex undertaking, where even the definition of the disorder is subject to discussion. Recently, there has been controversy concerning the most appropriate measure to determine health risks associated with hypertension. In the past, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was the prime measure for ...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(01)02131-8

    authors: Cushman WC

    更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00

  • Fractional diastolic and systolic pressure in the ascending aorta are related to the extent of coronary artery disease.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Ascending aortic fractional pulse pressure and fractional systolic pressure (FSP) were demonstrated to differentiate patients with and without coronary artery disease. However, no study so far has analyzed the relationship between FSP and fractional diastolic pressure (FDP) and the extent of coronary artery ...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.01.009

    authors: Jankowski P,Kawecka-Jaszcz K,Bryniarski L,Czarnecka D,Brzozowska-Kiszka M,Pośnik-Urbańska A,Kopeć G,Dragan J,Klecha A,Dudek D

    更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00

  • What level of plasma homocyst(e)ine should be treated? Effects of vitamin therapy on progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with homocyst(e)ine levels above and below 14 micromol/L.

    abstract::High levels of plasma homocyst(e)ine (H[e]) are associated with increased vascular risk. Treatment is being contemplated, but the level at which patients should be treated is not known. We compared the response of carotid plaque to vitamin therapy in patients with H(e) above and below 14 micromol/L, a level commonly r...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(99)00180-6

    authors: Hackam DG,Peterson JC,Spence JD

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Circadian blood pressure overswinging in a physically fit, normotensive African American woman.

    abstract::Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured in a physically fit, normotensive postmenopausal African American woman, before and after 15 weeks of aerobic training. Mean BP, HR, and HR variability were normal at the outset and were further improved by training. Training had no effect on circadian B...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(02)02973-4

    authors: Borer KT,Cornelissen G,Halberg F,Brook R,Rajagopalan S,Fay W

    更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of surgical treatment on hypertension in Cushing's syndrome.

    abstract::The effect of a surgical cure of hypercortisolism on hypertension in 54 patients with Cushing's syndrome was assessed. The correlation between preoperative duration of hypertension and posttreatment blood pressure was significant (P < .01). Restoration of normal cortisol was associated with blood pressure normalizatio...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0895-7061(95)00299-5

    authors: Fallo F,Sonino N,Barzon L,Pistorello M,Pagotto U,Paoletta A,Boscaro M

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Different effects of antihypertensive agents on cardiac and vascular hypertrophy in the transgenic rat line TGR(mRen2)27.

    abstract::The hypertensive transgenic rat model TGR(mRen2)27 has been used to investigate the development of cardiac and vascular hypertrophy in response to two different drug regimes. Cardiac hypertrophy was shown to be related to age and gender with the copy number of mouse renin transgenes having an additive effect. A simila...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(99)00021-7

    authors: Brosnan MJ,Devlin AM,Clark JS,Mullins JJ,Dominiczak AF

    更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of the Nonsteroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blocker, Esaxerenone, on Nocturnal Hypertension: A Post Hoc Analysis of the ESAX-HTN Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Nocturnal hypertension is an important phenotype of abnormal diurnal blood pressure (BP) variability and a known risk marker for target organ damage and cardiovascular events. This study aimed to assess the differential BP-lowering effects of esaxerenone vs. eplerenone on nocturnal BP in hypertensive patient...

    journal_title:American journal of hypertension

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/ajh/hpaa155

    authors: Kario K,Ito S,Itoh H,Rakugi H,Okuda Y,Yoshimura M,Yamakawa S

    更新日期:2020-11-09 00:00:00