Abstract：
:The difficulty in detecting rare infected cells immediately after mucosal HIV transmission has hindered our understanding of the initial cells targeted by the virus. Working with the macaque simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vaginal challenge model, we developed methodology to identify discrete foci of SIV (mac239) infection 48 hr after vaginal inoculation. We find infectious foci throughout the reproductive tract, from labia to ovary. Phenotyping infected cells reveals that SIV has a significant bias for infection of CCR6+ CD4+ T cells. SIV-infected cells expressed the transcriptional regulator RORγt, confirming that the initial target cells are specifically of the Th17 lineage. Furthermore, we detect host responses to infection, as evidenced by apoptosis, cell lysis, and phagocytosis of infected cells. Thus, our analysis identifies Th17-lineage CCR6+ CD4+ T cells as primary targets of SIV during vaginal transmission. This opens new opportunities for interventions to protect these cells and prevent HIV transmission.
journal_name
Cell Host Microbejournal_title
Cell host & microbeauthors
Stieh DJ,Matias E,Xu H,Fought AJ,Blanchard JL,Marx PA,Veazey RS,Hope TJdoi
10.1016/j.chom.2016.03.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-04-13 00:00:00pages
529-40issue
4eissn
1931-3128issn
1934-6069pii
S1931-3128(16)30097-Xjournal_volume
19pub_type
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