Abstract:
:Cell-free protein synthesis based on E. coli cell extracts has been described for the first time more than 50 years ago. To date, cell-free synthesis is widely used for the preparation of toxic proteins, for studies of the translation process and its regulation as well as for the incorporation of artificial or labeled amino acids into a polypeptide chain. Many efforts have been directed towards establishing cell-free expression as a standard method for gene expression, with limited success. In this chapter we will describe the state-of-the-art of cell-free expression, extract preparation methods and recent examples for successful applications of cell-free synthesis of macromolecular complexes.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Botte M,Deniaud A,Schaffitzel Cdoi
10.1007/978-3-319-27216-0_6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
79-95eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
896pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Pigment cells in developing vertebrates are derived from a transient and pluripotent population of cells called neural crest. The neural crest delaminates from the developing neural tube and overlying ectoderm early in development. The pigment cells are the only derivative to migrate along the dorso-lateral pathway. A...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-46954-6_9
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::These investigations were undertaken to elucidate whether the difference between the time courses of the isometric tension and the velocity of shortening upon releases to a given isotonic load various times during a twitch is due to a change in the kinetics of the individual cross-bridges, i.e. in the rate constants g...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The context in which a stimulus occurs can influence its perception. We study contextual effects in audition using the tritone paradox, where a pair of complex (Shepard) tones separated by half an octave can be perceived as ascending or descending. While ambiguous in isolation, they are heard with a clear upward or do...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1590-9_18
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to investigate the changes in tissue oxygen and the efficiency of the collateral circulation in the different regions of the spinal cord (SC) during aortic occlusion, surface PO2 (sPO2) was measured on the exposed SC in the pig in the lumbar (L3-5) as well as in the thoracic (Th6-8) parts before, during and a...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-3291-6_17
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glioblastoma remains a tumor with a dismal prognosis because of failure of current treatment. Glioblastoma cells with stem cell (GSC) properties survive chemotherapy and give rise to tumor recurrences that invariably result in the death of the patients. Here we summarize the current knowledge on chemoresistance of mal...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16537-0_7
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies suggested that colorectal cancer influences the types and quantity of nucleic acids - especially microRNAs - detected in the bloodstream. Concentration of circulating (cell-free) microRNAs, and possibly of other non-coding RNAs, could therefore serve as valuable colorectal cancer biomarker and could del...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42059-2_9
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the role of cholinergic angonists and antagonists on the growth control of cultured rabbit detrusor smooth muscle cells. DESIGN:Dosage dependent growth curve analysis of smooth muscle cells in standard media to bethanechol and atropine at concentrations from 1 x 10(-5) to 1 x 10(-9) mMol. RESULTS:...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1585-6_33
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms of NMDA-evoked transmitter release are still not clear. We demonstrate for the first time that NMDA-evoked acetylcholine release is depressed by endogenous liberated adenosine in functionally-hypoxic and non-hypoxic brain slices. Adenosine deaminase potentiates the release of 3H-acetylcholine from rat s...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5907-4_20
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Langerhans cells (LCs) are immune cells that reside in the stratified epithelium of the skin and mucosal membranes. They play a range of roles in the skin, including antigen presentation and maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Reports of LC numbers have been variable in different cancer types, with the majority of st...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-49270-0_8
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorodeoxyuridylate (FdUMP) and thymidylate synthase (TS) are one of the better understood systems of drug-target interaction in cancer chemotherapy. Isolation and characterization of TS (initially from Lactobacillus casei and later from a variety of other sources), cloning and sequencing of the gene, determination o...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5607-3_1
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suppressor monocytes have been found in a number of human diseases most of which are associated with lymphopenia and deficiences in cell mediated immunity. In our studies both quantitative and qualitative differences in monocytes were detected in certain patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease or tuberculosis. In cer...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8914-9_27
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During gamma-irradiation (5 kGy) of aqueous tryptophan (Trp) solutions small amounts of 5-, 6-, and 7-hydroxytryptophan (OH-Trp) (0.04-0.08 Mol-%) are formed. Protein rich food like shrimps contain reasonable amounts of non-protein bound Trp (100 mg/kg). In order to detect the treatment of shrimps with gamma-irradiati...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0135-0_80
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed an approach termed '2D hybrid analysis' for building three-dimensional (3D) structures from electron microscopy (EM) images of biological molecules. The key advantage is that it is applicable to flexible molecules, which are difficult to analyze by the approach in which 3DEM maps are reconstructed. I...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2200-6_12
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the abundance and ecological importance of sea urchins in eastern Australia, it is not known how they may contribute to ambient noise. The sounds of feeding of two temperate and two tropical species were recorded in captivity. Most sound was produced between 2.3 and 9.2 kHz, but there were differences between ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_133
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical importance of high density lipoproteins has grown in recent years with demonstrations of their impact on diverse pathological mechanisms implicated not only in vascular disease, but also in other physiological systems. This is related to the multiple functions associated with high-density lipoproteins (HD...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07320-0_3
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infectious, genetic factors, and autoimmunity have been considered as potential causes of sarcoidosis (SA). Pathological similarities between SA and tuberculosis (TB) suggest M. tuberculosis antigen(s) as causative agent(s). Our published comparative analysis of the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) system in patients wi...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4549-0_29
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study explores brain-computer interfacing, its possible use in serious or educational games and frameworks. Providing real-time feedback regarding cognitive states and behaviours can be a powerful tool for mental health education and games can offer unique and engaging environments for these neurofeedback experie...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-19385-0_7
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renewal of rod photoreceptor outer segments in the mammalian eye involves synchronized diurnal shedding after light onset of spent distal outer segment fragments (POS) linked to swift clearance of shed POS from the subretinal space by the adjacent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Engulfed POS phagosomes in RPE cells ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_95
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Before a messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated into a protein in the cytoplasm, its pre-mRNA precursor is extensively processed through capping, splicing and polyadenylation in the nucleus. Defects in the processing of pre-mRNAs due to mutations in RNA sequences often cause disease. Traditional small molecules or protein...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1221-6_9
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Long term steroid therapy is complicated by osteoporosis and generalised thinning of the skin. These two complications of long term corticosteroid therapy were routinely assessed at the Menopause Clinic of St. Luke's Hospital, Medical School, University of Malta. METHODS:A cross sectional study was performe...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4857-7_65
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence suggests that sigma-1 receptors play a role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric diseases, as well as in the mechanisms of some selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Among the SSRIs, the order of affinity for sigma-1 receptors is as follows: fluvoxamine > sertraline > fluoxetine ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50174-1_11
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An innate immune system capable of distinguishing among self, non-self, and danger is a prerequisite for health. Upon antigenic challenge, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family of proteins, enable this system to recognize and interact with a number of microbial components an...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74087-4_7
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This chapter represents a summary of the findings from the Yersinia enterocolitica strain 8081 whole genome sequence and the associated microarray analysis. Section 1 & 2 provide an introduction to the species and an overview of the general features of the genome. Section 3 identifies important regions within the geno...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-72124-8_1
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the main catalytic and structural molecules within living systems, proteins are the most likely biomolecules to be affected by radiation exposure. Proteomics, the comprehensive characterization of proteins within complex biological samples, is therefore a research approach ideally suited to assess the effects of ra...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5896-4_1
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we discuss the issues encountered when trying to perform hearing experiments in water-filled tanks that are several meters in lateral extent, typically large in terms of the size of the animals under study but not necessarily so with respect to the wavelengths of interest. This paper presents measuremen...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_43
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Premature infants require large amounts of protein and energy to achieve normal growth. Feeding with human milk alone is therefore only regarded acceptable if the protein and energy content is adequate. METHODS:476 milk samples from 101 mothers delivering before the 32nd gestational week (mean gestational a...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1371-1_51
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first publication using a fiber optic "optode" and a luminescence based pO2 detection method for assessing neural tissue oxygenation. The system was used to simultaneously monitor pO2 in tissue (PtO2) and venous blood (PvO2) during normoxia, hyperoxia and hypoxia. PaO2 was varied by changing inspired oxyge...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4717-4_6
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Telocyte, different to fibroblast and dendritic cell, is a novel type of interstitial cell, whose key features are their smaller cell body with very long prolongations of uneven caliber, termed telopodes. The telocytes have been continuously discovered to be present in many tissues and organs. Whether telocytes exist ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-10-1061-3_24
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following analysis of sequenced genomes and transcriptome of many eukaryotes, it is evident that virtually all protein-coding genes have already been discovered. These advances have highlighted an intriguing paradox whereby the relative amount of protein-coding sequences remain constant but nonprotein-coding sequences...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-10-5203-3_6
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium (Ca2+) accumulation inside mitochondria represents a pleiotropic signal controlling a wide range of cellular functions, including key metabolic pathways and life/death decisions. This phenomenon has been first described in the 1960s, but the identity of the molecules controlling this process remained a mystery...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_2
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00