Abstract：
:Homeostasis is the process by which cells adapt to stress and prevent or repair injury. Unique programs have evolved to sense and activate these homeostatic mechanisms and as such, homeostatic sensors may be potent therapeutic targets. The hypoxic response mediated by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) downstream of oxygen sensing by HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases (PHDs) has been well-studied, revealing cell-type specific regulation of HIF stability, activity, and transcriptional targets. HIF's paradoxical roles in nervous system development, physiology, and pathology arise from its complex roles in hypoxic adaptation and normoxic biology. Understanding how to engage the hypoxic response so as to recapitulate the protective mechanism of ischemic preconditioning is a high priority. Indeed, small molecules that activate the hypoxic response provide broad neuroprotection in several clinically relevant injury models. Screens for PHD inhibitors have identified novel therapeutics for neuroprotection that are ready to proceed to clinical trials for ischemic stroke. Better understanding the mechanisms of how to engage hypoxic adaption without altering development or physiology may identify additional novel therapeutic targets for diverse acute and chronic neuropathologies.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Speer R,Ratan RRdoi
10.1007/978-1-4899-7678-9_16subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
221-43eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
903pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The interaction between Ixodid ticks and their mammalian hosts is a complex relationship. While the mammalian host tries to avoid the completion of the feeding process, the tick has devised strategies to counteract these attempts. Tick saliva contains a vast array of pharmacological activities that presumably aid the ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
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