The effects of a simultaneous cognitive or motor task on the kinematics of walking in older fallers and non-fallers.

Abstract:

:Human gait has been widely investigated under dual-task conditions because it has been demonstrated to be an important way to uncover differences in gait biomechanics between older fallers and non-fallers. However, exactly how simultaneous tasks affect the kinematics of walking remains unclear. In the present study, gait kinematic properties of older fallers and non-fallers were compared under cognitive and motor dual-task conditions. The gait kinematic properties of interest were recorded under three different conditions: walking at preferred speed, walking when performing a cognitive task (naming animals), and walking when performing a motor task (transferring a coin from one pocket to the other). The following variables were analyzed: gait speed, cadence, stride time, step length, single support, stride time variability, and the dual-task cost. In addition, functional balance was evaluated by means of the Balance Evaluation - Systems Test (BESTest). Two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs revealed significant main effects of walking conditions. However, no significant main effects of group (fallers vs. non-fallers) and no significant interaction effects between group and walking condition were observed. The BESTest revealed that functional balance in fallers was worse than in non-fallers. The cognitive task leads to more significant changes in gait kinematics than does a motor task and the step length and stride time variability were variables more sensitive to that cognitive influence.

journal_name

Hum Mov Sci

journal_title

Human movement science

authors

Freire Júnior RC,Porto JM,Marques NR,Magnani PE,Abreu DC

doi

10.1016/j.humov.2016.12.004

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-01-01 00:00:00

pages

146-152

eissn

0167-9457

issn

1872-7646

pii

S0167-9457(16)30284-6

journal_volume

51

pub_type

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