Staphylococcus aureus, phagocyte NADPH oxidase and chronic granulomatous disease.

abstract：:A high level of anti-HCV is generally associated with viral replication and the number of recognized epitopes appears to be correlated with the viral charge. Nevertheless, the absence of detectable antibodies in about 60% of patients during the acute phase of the disease and in 10% of chronically infected (generally i...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Pillot J,Rioche M,Lazizi Y

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deeper sequencing and improved bioinformatics in conjunction with single-cell and metagenomic approaches continue to illuminate undercharacterized environmental microbial communities. This has propelled the 'who is there, and what might they be doing' paradigm to the uncultivated and has already radically changed the ...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Doud DFR,Woyke T

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance is one of the few examples of evolution that can be addressed experimentally. The present review analyses this resistance, focusing on the networks that regulate its acquisition and its effect on bacterial physiology. It is widely accepted that antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes play fun...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Martinez JL,Fajardo A,Garmendia L,Hernandez A,Linares JF,Martínez-Solano L,Sánchez MB

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:What a living organism looks like and how it works and what are its components-all this is encoded on DNA, the genetic blueprint. Consequently, the way to change an organism is to change its genetic information. Since the first pieces of recombinant DNA have been used to transform cells in the 1970s, this approach has...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Schindler D,Waldminghaus T

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxin-antitoxin systems (TAs) are ubiquitous among bacteria and play a crucial role in the dissemination and evolution of antibiotic resistance, such as maintaining multi-resistant plasmids and inducing persistence formation. Generally, activities of the toxins are neutralised by their conjugate antitoxins. In contras...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Yang QE,Walsh TR

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, there has been accumulating evidence that antibiotics, besides their antimicrobial action, potentially have a number of undesired side effects that can, at least in some cases, promote genetic variability of bacteria. In addition to resistant variants, antibiotics have also been shown to select mutato...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Couce A,Blázquez J

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance can be acquired by mutation or horizontal transfer of a resistance gene, and generally an acquired mechanism results in a predictable increase in phenotypic resistance. However, recent findings suggest that the environment and/or the genetic context can modify the phenotypic expression of specifi...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Hughes D,Andersson DI

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:First insights on the human gut microbiome have been gained from medium-sized, cross-sectional studies. However, given the modest portion of explained variance of currently identified covariates and the small effect size of gut microbiota modulation strategies, upscaling seems essential for further discovery and chara...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Vandeputte D,Tito RY,Vanleeuwen R,Falony G,Raes J

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance mechanisms reported in Gram-negative bacteria are causing a worldwide health problem. The continuous dissemination of 'multidrug-resistant' (MDR) bacteria drastically reduces the efficacy of our antibiotic 'arsenal' and consequently increases the frequency of therapeutic failure. In MDR bacteria,...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Nikaido H,Pagès JM

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human enteric pathogenic viruses can enter the environment through discharge of waste materials from infected persons, and be transmitted back to susceptible persons to continue the cycle of disease. Contamination of food with viruses may also promote disease outbreaks. A number of studies have investigated the surviv...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Rzezutka A,Cook N

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perhaps the biggest single task facing a bacterial cell is to divide into daughter cells that contain the normal complement of chromosomes. Recent technical and conceptual breakthroughs in bacterial cell biology, combined with the flood of genome sequence information and the excellent genetic tools in several model sy...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Margolin W

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms have been implicated in diseases such as Alzheimer's, diabetes and cancers. In contrast to mammals, which have at least nine genes, fungi have only one or two. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces only a single Pkc1 and is employed in the study of specific human isozymes, i...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Heinisch JJ,Rodicio R

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stress responses are crucial for bacteria to survive harmful conditions that they encounter in the environment. Although gene regulatory mechanisms underlying stress responses in bacteria have been thoroughly characterised for decades, recent advances in imaging technologies helped to uncover previously hidden dynamic...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Lagage V,Uphoff S

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetotactic bacteria (MB) are remarkable organisms with the ability to exploit the earth's magnetic field for navigational purposes. To do this, they build specialized compartments called magnetosomes that consist of a lipid membrane and a crystalline magnetic mineral. These organisms have the potential to serve as ...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Komeili A

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:O-antigen polysaccharide is a major immunogenic feature of the lipopolysaccharide of Gram-negative bacteria, and most species produce a large variety of forms that differ substantially from one another. There are 18 known O-antigen forms in the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis complex, which are typical in being composed o...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Kenyon JJ,Cunneen MM,Reeves PR

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas putida is a gram-negative rod-shaped gammaproteobacterium that is found throughout various environments. Members of the species P. putida show a diverse spectrum of metabolic activities, which is indicative of their adaptation to various niches, which includes the ability to live in soils and sediments con...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Wu X,Monchy S,Taghavi S,Zhu W,Ramos J,van der Lelie D

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 was first implicated in human disease in the early 1980s, with ruminants cited as the primary reservoirs. Preliminary studies indicated cattle to be the sole source of E. coli O157:H7 outbreaks in humans; however, further epidemiological studies soon demonstrated that E. col...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： La Ragione RM,Best A,Woodward MJ,Wales AD

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present review, we aim to provide a general introduction to different facets of the arms race between pathogens and their hosts/environment, emphasizing its evolutionary aspects. We focus on vector-borne parasitic protozoa, which have to adapt to both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. Using Leishmania, Trypano...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Caljon G,De Muylder G,Durnez L,Jennes W,Vanaerschot M,Dujardin JC

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial networks are an increasingly popular tool to investigate microbial community structure, as they integrate multiple types of information and may represent systems-level behaviour. Interpreting these networks is not straightforward, and the biological implications of network properties are unclear. Analysis of...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Röttjers L,Faust K

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protists include all eukaryotes except plants, fungi and animals. They are an essential, yet often forgotten, component of the soil microbiome. Method developments have now furthered our understanding of the real taxonomic and functional diversity of soil protists. They occupy key roles in microbial foodwebs as consum...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Geisen S,Mitchell EAD,Adl S,Bonkowski M,Dunthorn M,Ekelund F,Fernández LD,Jousset A,Krashevska V,Singer D,Spiegel FW,Walochnik J,Lara E

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A close symbiotic relationship exists between the intestinal microbiota and its host. A critical component of gut homeostasis is the presence of a mucus layer covering the gastrointestinal tract. Mucus is a viscoelastic gel at the interface between the luminal content and the host tissue that provides a habitat to the...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Etienne-Mesmin L,Chassaing B,Desvaux M,De Paepe K,Gresse R,Sauvaitre T,Forano E,de Wiele TV,Schüller S,Juge N,Blanquet-Diot S

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:General principles of membrane function have been elucidated by the study of lactic acid bacteria. In this review, the operation and function of ion pumps, secondary transport systems and solute ATPases will be discussed. Despite their differences in kinetics and mechanisms between the transport systems, structural si...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Maloney PC

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type II (proteic) toxin-antitoxin (TA) operons are widely spread in bacteria and archaea. They are organized as operons in which, usually, the antitoxin gene precedes the cognate toxin gene. The antitoxin generally acts as a transcriptional self-repressor, whereas the toxin acts as a co-repressor, both proteins consti...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Chan WT,Balsa D,Espinosa M

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nickel is an essential nutrient for selected microorganisms where it participates in a variety of cellular processes. Many microbes are capable of sensing cellular nickel ion concentrations and taking up this nutrient via nickel-specific permeases or ATP-binding cassette-type transport systems. The metal ion is specif...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Mulrooney SB,Hausinger RP

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sequencing-based studies have illuminated increased transcriptional complexity within the genome structure of bacteria and have resulted in the identification of many small regulatory RNAs (sRNA) and a large amount of antisense transcription. It remains an open question whether these sRNAs all indeed play regulatory r...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Oliva G,Sahr T,Buchrieser C

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell surfaces are critical for diverse functions across all domains of life, from cell-cell communication and nutrient uptake to cell stability and surface attachment. While certain aspects of the mechanisms supporting the biosynthesis of the archaeal cell surface are unique, likely due to important differences in cel...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Pohlschroder M,Pfeiffer F,Schulze S,Abdul Halim MF

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small regulatory RNAs have been identified in a wide range of organisms, where they modify mRNA stability, translation or protein function. Small RNA regulators (sRNAs) either pair with mRNA targets or modify protein activities. Here we discuss current knowledge of the various proteins that interact with RNA regulator...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Pichon C,Felden B

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The herbivore rumen ecosystem constitutes an extremely efficient degradation machinery for the intricate chemical structure of fiber biomass, thus, enabling the hosting animal to digest its feed. The challenging task of deconstructing and metabolizing fiber is performed by microorganisms inhabiting the rumen. Since mo...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Moraïs S,Mizrahi I

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many fungi produce exocellular beta-glucan-degrading enzymes, the beta-glucanases including the noncellulolytic beta-(1,3)- and beta-(1,6)-glucanases, degrading beta-(1,3)- and beta-(1,6)-glucans. An ability to purify several exocellular beta-glucanases attacking the same linkage type from a single fungus is common, a...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Martin K,McDougall BM,McIlroy S,Chen J,Seviour RJ

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The species concept is a recurrent controversial issue that preoccupies philosophers as well as biologists of all disciplines. Prokaryotic species concept has its own history and results from a series of empirical improvements parallel to the development of the techniques of analysis. Among the microbial taxonomists, ...

journal_title：FEMS microbiology reviews

authors： Rosselló-Mora R,Amann R

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00