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Molecular characterisation of antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii during 2014 and 2015 collected across India.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of great importance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are important pathogens and emergence of resistance in these have increased the morbidity and mortality rates. This surveillance study was initiated by the Government of India - Indian Council of Medical Research. The aim of this study is to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and to characterise the enzyme mediated antimicrobial resistance such as extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases among multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A multi-centric study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2015 with a total number of 240 MDR P. aeruginosa and 312 MDR A. baumannii isolated from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, respiratory, pus, urine and intra-abdominal infections. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion was done to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Further, MDR isolates were characterised by multiplex polymerase chain reaction to determine the resistance genes for ESBLs and carbapenemases. RESULTS:Among the ESBLs, blaVEB (23%), blaTEM (5%) and blaSHV (0.4%) in P. aeruginosa and blaPER (54%), blaTEM (16%) and blaSHV (1%) in A. baumannii were the most prevalent. Likewise, blaVIM (37%), blaNDM (14%), blaGES (8%) and blaIMP (2%) in P. aeruginosa and blaOXA-23like (98%), blaOXA-58like (2%), blaNDM (22%) and blaVIM (3%) in A. baumannii were found to be the most prevalent carbapenemases. blaOXA-51like gene, intrinsic to A. baumannii was present in all the isolates tested. CONCLUSION:The data shown highlight the wide difference in the molecular mechanisms of AMR profile between P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. In P. aeruginosa, plasmid-mediated mechanisms are much lesser than the chromosomal mediated mechanisms. In A. baumannii, class D oxacillinases are more common than other mechanisms. Continuous surveillance to monitor the trends in AMR among MDR pathogens is important for implementation of infection control and to guide appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy.

journal_name

Indian J Med Microbiol

journal_title

Indian journal of medical microbiology

authors

Pragasam AK,Vijayakumar S,Bakthavatchalam YD,Kapil A,Das BK,Ray P,Gautam V,Sistla S,Parija SC,Walia K,Ohri VC,Anandan S,Veeraraghavan B

doi

10.4103/0255-0857.195376

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-10-01 00:00:00

pages

433-441

issue

eissn

0255-0857

issn

1998-3646

pii

IndianJMedMicrobiol_2016_34_4_433_195376

journal_volume

pub_type

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Molecular characterisation of antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii during 2014 and 2015 collected across India.