Abstract:
:John W. Saunders, Jr. made seminal discoveries unveiling how chick embryos develop their limbs. He discovered the apical ectodermal ridge (AER), the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA), and the domains of interdigital cell death within the developing limb and determined their function through experimental analysis. These discoveries provided the basis for subsequent molecular understanding of how vertebrate limbs are induced, patterned, and differentiated. These mechanisms are strongly conserved among the vast diversity of tetrapod limbs suggesting that relatively minor changes and tweaks to the molecular cascades are responsible for the diversity observed in nature. Analysis of the pathway systems first identified by Saunders in the context of animals displaying limb reduction show how alterations in these pathways have resulted in multiple mechanisms of limb and digit loss. Other classes of modification to these same patterning systems are seen at the root of other, novel limb morphological alterations and elaborations.
journal_name
Dev Bioljournal_title
Developmental biologyauthors
Young JJ,Tabin CJdoi
10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.11.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-09-15 00:00:00pages
401-408issue
2eissn
0012-1606issn
1095-564Xpii
S0012-1606(16)30605-4journal_volume
429pub_type
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