Abstract：
:With the growing popularity of propofol mediated deep sedation for upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic procedures, challenges are being felt and appreciated. Research suggests that management of the airway is anything but routine in this setting. Although many studies and meta-analyses have demonstrated the safety of propofol sedation administered by registered nurses under the supervision of gastroenterologists (likely related to the lighter degrees of sedation than those provided by anesthesia providers and is under medicolegal controversy in the United States), there is no agreement on the optimum airway management for procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Failure to rescue an airway at an appropriate time has led to disastrous consequences. Inability to evaluate and appreciate the risk factors for aspiration can ruin the day for both the patient and the health care providers. This review apprises the reader of various aspects of airway management relevant to the practice of sedation during upper GI endoscopy. New devices and modification of existing devices are discussed in detail. Recognizing the fact that appropriate monitoring is important for timely recognition and management of potential airway disasters, these issues are explored thoroughly.
journal_name
Dig Dis Scijournal_title
Digestive diseases and sciencesauthors
Goudra B,Singh PMdoi
10.1007/s10620-016-4375-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
45-53issue
1eissn
0163-2116issn
1573-2568pii
10.1007/s10620-016-4375-zjournal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Bombesin or gastrin-releasing peptide prevents gastric injury by an unknown mechanism. Since exogenous gastrin is a gastroprotective agent, this study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that gastroprotection by bombesin involves release of endogenous gastrin. Subcutaneous bombesin (10-100 microg/kg) dose dependentl...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1018830517773
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If an effective hepatic assist system existed, it could serve as a bridge to transplantation. Most of the patients waiting for liver transplantation have chronic liver insufficiency but are not in hepatic coma. Various hepatic assist systems have been used to salvage patients with acute liver insufficiency. Most attem...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01307531
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The chemokine SDF-1 and its receptor CXCR4 are essential for the proper functioning of multiple organs. In the liver, cholangiocytes and hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) are the main cells that produce SDF-1, and SDF-1 is thought to be essential for HPC-stimulated liver regeneration. AIMS:In this study, CXCR...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-012-2239-8
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Suppressive activity of recurrence by interferon-free direct-acting antivirals (DAA) is not elucidated after curative treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS:A total of 177 patients received DAA after curative manners of HCC: 89 patients underwent DAA therapy after initial HCC trea...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-017-4739-z
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Undernutrition is considered to have a central role in the pathogenesis of growth retardation in Crohn's disease. This may occur as a consequence of inadequate food intake, increased energy expenditure, or both. Ten growing adolescents with inactive Crohn's disease were assessed with respect to anthropometric paramete...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02088741
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dieulafoy's lesion or cirsoid aneurysm is a rare cause of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Historically cirsoid aneurysm most often occurs in the stomach, but has been reported to occur in the jejunum. In this paper, four cases are presented that are felt to represent the first documented cases of cirsoid an...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01550966
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 70-year-old woman with secretory diarrhea was studied with a novel technique of recording small intestinal myoelectrical activity which allowed us to obtain long, uninterrupted records of slow waves and spikes at eight or more different intestinal levels simultaneously. Typical migrating action potential complexes (...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01300207
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gastrointestinal motor dysfunction persists in a large number of children subjected to surgical treatment for Hirschsprung's disease, indicating abnormalities in the remaining intestine. The aim of the study was to detect possible alterations in frequency and topographic distribution of enteric neurons and interstitia...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015085923245
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS:We studied the intestinotrophic hormone glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) as a possible therapy for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced intestinal ulcers. Luminal nutrients release endogenous GLP-2 from enteroendocrine L cells. Since GLP-2 is degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPI...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-013-3001-6
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent data would limit indications for serum CEA measurement primarily to follow-up of resected colonic malignancy, yet physician attitude and usage patterns may lag far behind current findings. This discrepancy was investigated at our institution, where more than 1100 CEAs costing $71,000 are ordered each year. Of 4...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01296746
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by diffuse fatty infiltration in the liver and ballooning degeneration and inflammation in hepatocytes. We aimed to study the protective effect of soy isoflavones on experimental NASH and their effects on plasma paraoxanese and arylesterase levels in rats. Twenty-ei...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-006-9251-9
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Achalasia is the best described motor disorder of the esophagus. Associations with familial glucocorticoid deficiency and alacrima (triple A syndrome) have been described in the pediatric population, but no attention has been paid to the possibility of this association in adults. Tear production was assessed in 20 pat...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1026679723941
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pancreatic cancer can be difficult to diagnose. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies may be negative even when malignancy is present. AIMS:To identify endosonographic features predictive of malignancy that will separate patients into high- and low-risk groups, in whom a negative FNA effectively rules out m...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-009-0889-y
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transverse myelitis (TM) as a manifestation of an autoimmune disorder is relatively rare. In Sjogren's syndrome (SS), the occurrence of TM is remarkably uncommon. Only three cases have been reported associated with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Here we report the fourth case of TM occurring in association with SS a...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1022821800714
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess resting energy expenditure in patients with chronic pancreatitis; 33 patients with alcohol-related chronic pancreatitis (group 1: 13 normal weight, group 2: 20 underweight) and 11 undernourished patients without identifiable disease (group 3) were studied. Body composition was deter...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02282334
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our purpose was to observe the effects of sodium phosphate (NaP) colonoscopy preparation on serum electrolytes, phosphate, and calcium and to identify factors associated with any adverse effects. In an unselected group of 100 consecutive patients attending for out patient colonoscopy, 45% of patients had raised serum ...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-005-2780-9
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study aimed to examine the serum serological response among H. pylori-infected patients with various upper gastrointestinal diagnoses; to ascertain whether it could be predictive to the diagnostic outcome of dyspepsia. One hundred seventy H. pylori-infected patients with dyspeptic symptoms but without previous tre...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1005460130305
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We hypothesized that the severity of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis could differ between DSS preparations of the same molecular weight, and that this difference may be affected by the sulfur content. To test this, we used three DSS preparations of similar molecular weights but with different su...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-011-1881-x
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Assessment of disease activity by clinical parameters in ulcerative colitis is still controversial. Different clinical indexes have been proposed. Colonoscopy provides detailed information on mucosal damage. The aim of this study was to identify, among 21 clinical and laboratory parameters, which were predictive of en...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-005-1590-4
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is activated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and vitamin D deficiency aggravates the development of colitis, but the relationship between the local colonic RAS and vitamin D is unclear with regard to the pathogenesis of IBD. AIMS:To investigate whether vitamin D suppr...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-020-06713-5
更新日期：2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of nutrients on small intestinal motility is controversial. Our aim was to analyze the effect of intraduodenal infusion of mixtures of nutrients of increasing caloric load, on intestinal motility. Studies were performed in dogs with a duodenal cannula. Isosmolar infusions of saline, 0.5, 2, and 4 kcal/min w...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1024799303676
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium butyrate is a well-recognized differentiating agent inducing alkaline phosphatase activity, one of the epithelial differentiation markers. When IEC6 cells, a nontransformed, small intestinal epithelial cell line, were cultured with butyrate, this substrate induced alkaline phosphate activity in a time- and dose...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1018807524075
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study determined how the luminal surface hydrophobicity and transmucosal potential difference (PD) of canine gastric mucosa changed during the recovery period after the tissue was challenged with acidified aspirin. Luminal aspirin reduced both the contact angle and PD of mucosae incubated in Ussing chambers. Afte...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02065551
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The treatment options for palliating malignant gastroduodenal obstruction include open gastrojejunostomy (OGJ), laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy (LGJ), and endoscopic stenting (ES). The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes and costs among ES, OGJ, and LGJ in patients who present with gastroduodenal obs...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-006-9536-z
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The double pylorus is a fistulous communication between the gastric antrum and duodenal bulb. In most instances, it is believed to be a complication of peptic ulcer disease. In prior reports, the longest follow-up has been only 5 years. We report four cases of double pylorus, three of which have been followed medicall...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01296254
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Total parenteral nutrition (TPN), a necessary treatment for patients who cannot receive enteral nutrition, is associated with infectious complications due in part to a loss of intestinal epithelial barrier function (EBF). Using a mouse model of TPN, with enteral nutrient deprivation, we previously demonstrat...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-015-3991-3
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Orlistat (tetrahydrolipstatin) is a potent inhibitor of gastric and pancreatic lipase activity causing a diminution of free fatty acids in the intestinal lumen. The release of cholecystokinin (CCK) critically depends on the presence of free fatty acids in the small intestine. Postprandial CCK release and gallbladder c...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02100135
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some patients referred for esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) to evaluate symptoms of dysphagia have normal endoscopies. How best to manage these patients is unclear. We reviewed our experience with empiric esophageal dilation in this setting. Over a five-year period, 40 consecutive patients with esophageal dysphagia an...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02088225
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The overwhelming majority of reported duodenal and colonic SEMS placements in the literature have used the 0.035″ guidewire almost to the exclusion of guidewires of other diameters. AIMS:The purpose of this study was to compare technical and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing duodenal or colonic SEMS ...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-011-1932-3
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Accumulating evidence has indicated that variations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content may affect the susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, no study has been conducted to evaluate the association of circulating mtDNA content and the risk of liver cirrhosis, a leading cause of ...
journal_title：Digestive diseases and sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10620-015-3523-1
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
