Abstract:
:Most HIV transmissions among men who have sex with men (MSM), the group that accounted for 67% of new US infections in 2014, occur via exposure to the rectal mucosa. However, it is unclear how the act of condomless receptive anal intercourse (CRAI) may alter the mucosal immune environment in HIV-negative MSM. Here, we performed a comprehensive characterization of the rectal mucosal immune environment for the phenotype and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by CD4 and CD8 T cells, global transcriptomic analyses, and the composition of microbiota in HIV-negative MSM. Our results show that compared with men who had never engaged in anal intercourse, the rectal mucosa of MSM engaging in CRAI has a distinct phenotype characterized by higher levels of Th17 cells, greater CD8+ T cell proliferation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, molecular signatures associated with mucosal injury and repair likely mediated by innate immune cells, and a microbiota enriched for the Prevotellaceae family. These data provide a high-resolution model of the immunological, molecular, and microbiological perturbations induced by CRAI, will have direct utility in understanding rectal HIV transmission among MSM, and will enhance the design of future biomedical prevention interventions, including candidate HIV vaccines.
journal_name
Mucosal Immunoljournal_title
Mucosal immunologyauthors
Kelley CF,Kraft CS,de Man TJ,Duphare C,Lee HW,Yang J,Easley KA,Tharp GK,Mulligan MJ,Sullivan PS,Bosinger SE,Amara RRdoi
10.1038/mi.2016.97subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-07-01 00:00:00pages
996-1007issue
4eissn
1933-0219issn
1935-3456pii
mi201697journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Intestinal CD8αα intraepithelial T lymphocytes (T-IELs) have a key role in mucosal immunity and, unlike other T cells, were proposed to differentiate locally. In apparent contradiction, these cells were also shown to originate from a wave of thymus migrants colonizing the gut in the first 3 weeks after birth. We here ...
journal_title:Mucosal immunology
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journal_title:Mucosal immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Mucosal immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/mi.2013.84
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Mucosal immunology
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更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00