Abstract:
:Safety behaviors are considered an important factor in the maintenance of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Safety behaviors are typically employed by socially anxious individuals to reduce anxiety in feared social situations. However, by preventing individuals with social anxiety from gathering evidence that would disconfirm their maladaptive beliefs about social situations, the use of safety behaviors ultimately maintains social anxiety over time. Twenty years ago, Wells and colleagues (1995) demonstrated that use of safety behaviors diminishes the efficacy of exposure treatment for SAD, suggesting that reduction in the use of safety behaviors during exposure can enhance treatment response. Research on safety behaviors has expanded considerably since Wells et al.'s seminal publication, and our understanding of the role safety behaviors may play in the maintenance of social anxiety has grown in breadth and depth. In this paper, we present a detailed review of the published research on safety behaviors relevant to social anxiety and social-anxiety-related processes. Finally, we evaluate the impact of safety behaviors on the outcome of treatment for SAD, and we look to the literature on safety behaviors in other anxiety disorders to inform our understanding of use of safety behaviors during exposure and to facilitate future research in SAD.
journal_name
Behav Therjournal_title
Behavior therapyauthors
Piccirillo ML,Taylor Dryman M,Heimberg RGdoi
10.1016/j.beth.2015.11.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-09-01 00:00:00pages
675-687issue
5eissn
0005-7894issn
1878-1888pii
S0005-7894(15)00125-2journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
BEHAVIOR THERAPY文献大全abstract::The purpose of this study was to test whether Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), a widely used effective therapy for children's externalizing behaviors and parenting problems, was associated with improvements in parents' emotion regulation and reflective functioning. We also investigated whether these improvemen...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.07.002
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interpretation Bias Modification (IBM) interventions have been effective in reducing negative interpretation biases theorized to underlie depressive psychopathology. Although these programs have been highlighted as potential short-term interventions for depression, mixed evidence has been found for their effects on de...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.10.001
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delays in behavioral and biological circadian rhythms (e.g., sleep timing, melatonin secretion) are found more frequently in individuals with severe and treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In recent years, it has been documented that these delays in behavioral and biological circadian rhythms are ...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2019.12.006
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relation between analogue generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) assessed the day before the events of September 11, 2001 (9/11) and long-term outcome was examined in 44 young adults who were directly exposed the following day to the terrorist attacks in New York City. After controlling for high exposure to the attack...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2007.08.005
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine whether callous-unemotional (CU) traits moderated the effects of intensive behavior therapy in elementary school-age children with varying levels of conduct problems (CP). Both treatment response (magnitude of change between pre- and posttreatment) and treatment outcomes (likel...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.03.003
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) predominantly derives from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, there may be unique or complex issues encountered in practice, but not necessarily in the context of a controlled clinical trial. Therefore, la...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2013.09.009
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors used a reinforcer assessment to evaluate possible interventions for hoarding in an older individual with dementia. The most preferred condition from the assessment (sorting activity) was compared to a staff developed treatment involving item removal and redirection. Hoarding was reduced during both interve...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2010.02.006
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent middle childhood research suggests that children's trust in maternal support can be manipulated using Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) aimed at changing children's interpretation of ambiguous maternal support-related behavior. The current study with 60 children (40 girls, Mage = 10.62, SDage = 1.20) aimed to r...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2019.04.004
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the function of hoarding behaviors and the relations between hoarding and a series of cognitive and affective processes in the moment using ecological momentary assessment. A matched-groups design was used to compare college students with higher hoarding symptoms (n = 31) and matched controls (n = ...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2019.10.006
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current models divide social phobia into specific (SSP) and generalized (GSP) subtypes and suggest strong overlap between GSP and avoidant personality disorder (APD). Meanwhile, other research suggests reclassifying anxiety and mood disorders as fear and distress disorders. To unify these separate lines of research, t...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2009.04.002
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disordered eating (DE) and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) commonly co-occur. This study compared several models of the longitudinal relationship between DE and NSSI, including concurrent and prospective models, and examined the possible moderating roles of self-objectification, impulsivity, and emotion dysregulation i...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2014.09.002
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Care for older adults with dementia is complicated by behaviors such as verbal and physical aggression and withdrawal that disrupt and increase the costs of providing care. These behaviors, referred to as resistiveness to care (RTC), have been linked to staff elderspeak communication, measured by behaviorally coded ex...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2010.03.003
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extant findings in the animal and human conditioning literature demonstrate that renewal, termed return of fear in studies with humans, occurs when reexposure to a previously feared phobic stimulus occurs in a context different than the one present during extinction. The present study investigated whether mental reins...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2005.04.001
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generalization of conditioned fear has been implicated in the maintenance and proliferation of fear in anxiety disorders. The role of cognitive processes in generalization of conditioning is an important yet understudied issue. Vervliet et al. (2010) tested generalization of fear to a visual stimulus of a particular c...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2014.12.007
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence from analogue samples suggests that deficits in emotional functioning, namely elevated emotional reactivity and distress intolerance, are implicated in the development and maintenance of hoarding disorder. We aimed to extend previous research in this area by investigating emotional reactivity and distress int...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2019.05.010
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although cognitions are central to the conceptualization and treatment of anxiety in typically developing (TD) youth, there is scant research investigating automatic thoughts and their relationship with anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We sought to examine the types of automatic thoughts experienc...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2017.12.002
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral models of depression implicate decreased response-contingent positive reinforcement (RCPR) as critical toward the development and maintenance of depression (Lewinsohn, 1974). Given the absence of a psychometrically sound self-report measure of RCPR, the Reward Probability Index (RPI) was developed to measur...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2010.05.004
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Even after successful exposure, relapse is not uncommon. Based on the retrieval model of fear extinction (e.g., Vervliet, Craske, & Hermans, 2013), return of fear can occur after exposure due to an elapse of time (spontaneous recovery) or change in context (contextual renewal). The use of external salient stimuli pres...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2017.07.011
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This special series is designed to highlight recent advances in the evidence-based treatment and assessment of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The seven articles for this special series include novel applications of cognitive-behavioral therapy to address core aspects of ASD, empirical research that provide...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2014.07.004
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accommodation consists of changes in family members' behavior to prevent or reduce patients' obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) rituals or distress. High levels of family accommodation are associated with more severe symptoms and functional impairment in patients, and may also interfere with exposure-based treatment....
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2014.11.001
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is known to be effective for a number of disorders, and can be delivered effectively by trainees in controlled settings. However, the effectiveness of trainee therapists in general practice compared to that of more experienced therapists is unknown. In this study, the authors used a ...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2011.02.001
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) has been proposed as an important transdiagnostic variable within mood- and anxiety-related disorders. The extant literature has suggested that individuals high in IU interpret uncertainty more negatively. Furthermore, theoretical models of IU posit that those elevated in IU may experie...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2017.01.005
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contemporary models of obsessive-compulsive disorder emphasize the importance of harm avoidance (HA) and related dysfunctional beliefs as motivators of obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in Janet's (1908) concept of incompleteness (INC) as another potentially importan...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2013.11.004
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anxiety sensitivity (AS), the feared consequences of anxious arousal, is known to be related to posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) concurrently and longitudinally. However, no studies have demonstrated whether AS prior to a Criterion A traumatic event predicts later PTSS. The present study evaluated whether preshoot...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2016.02.006
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reducing morbidity and mortality associated with being overweight is a crucial public health goal. The aim of the present research was to test the efficacy of a very brief psychological intervention (a volitional help sheet) that could be used as an adjunct to standard weight loss programs to support increased weight ...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2014.04.001
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This investigation assessed the efficacy of a technique specifically designed to change the style and content of presleep thoughts in order to reduce nighttime cognitive arousal and decrease insomnia severity. This investigation, termed "cognitive refocusing treatment for insomnia" (CRT-I), previously improved sleep i...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2012.07.004
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scrupulosity is a form of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) characterized by a tendency to have persistent doubts about God, sin, and the adequacy of one's religious behaviors and devotion. To date, no published studies have compared scrupulosity in high- and low-religious Muslim and Christian samples. In the presen...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2011.06.002
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I) is an appealing augmentation to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) because it targets cognitive bias efficiently via computerized training. Few studies have tested the combination of CBM-I and CBT, and none have translated lab-based CBM-I protocols to an acute psy...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.09.002
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using an experimental approach, we examined the effects of verbal information as provided by the mothers on children's fear of real novel animals. Mothers of children aged 8 to 12 years (N=47) were shown a cage containing a pair of exotic rodents (i.e., Mongolian gerbils) and then received either positive or negative ...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2013.01.001
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::While previous studies have examined motivational aspects of self-directed violence, few studies have included specific motivations in predictive models for future suicide attempts. The current study utilized a sample of 160 individuals treated in an acute emergency setting following a suicide attempt who completed an...
journal_title:Behavior therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beth.2016.05.004
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00