Abstract:
:Nosocomial outbreaks of bacteria are well documented. Based on these incidents, and the heavy usage of antibiotics in hospitals, it has been assumed that antibiotic resistance evolves in hospital environments. To test this assumption, we studied resistance phenotypes of bacteria collected from patient isolates at a community hospital over a 2.5-year period. A graphical model analysis shows no association between resistance and patient information other than time of arrival. This allows us to focus on time-course data. We introduce a hospital transmission model, based on negative binomial delay. Our main contribution is a statistical hypothesis test called the Nosocomial Evolution of Resistance Detector (NERD). It calculates the significance of resistance trends occurring in a hospital. It can inform hospital staff about the effects of various practices and interventions, can help detect clonal outbreaks, and is available as an R package. We applied the NERD method to each of the 16 antibiotics in the study via 16 hypothesis tests. For 13 of the antibiotics, we found that the hospital environment had no significant effect on the evolution of resistance; the hospital is merely a piece of the larger picture. The p-values obtained for the other three antibiotics (cefepime, ceftazidime, and gentamicin) indicate that particular care should be taken in hospital practices with these antibiotics. One of the three, ceftazidime, was significant after accounting for multiple hypotheses, indicating a trend of decreased resistance for this drug.
journal_name
Bull Math Bioljournal_title
Bulletin of mathematical biologyauthors
Seigal A,Mira P,Sturmfels B,Barlow Mdoi
10.1007/s11538-016-0232-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
191-208issue
1eissn
0092-8240issn
1522-9602pii
10.1007/s11538-016-0232-7journal_volume
79pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A staged-progression HIV model is formulated and used to investigate the potential impact of an imperfect vaccine. The vaccine is assumed to have several desirable characteristics such as protecting against infection, causing bypass of the primary infection stage, and offering a disease-altering therapeutic effect (so...
journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-006-9095-7
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-016-0212-y
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
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doi:10.1016/j.bulm.2003.11.004
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-005-9049-5
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-010-9553-0
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-010-9545-0
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-016-0175-z
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/bulm.2001.0216
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02464840
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-019-00656-3
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abstract::Cell polarization is an important part of the response of eukaryotic cells to stimuli, and forms a primary step in cell motility, differentiation, and many cellular functions. Among the important biochemical players implicated in the onset of intracellular asymmetries that constitute the early phases of polarization a...
journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-012-9766-5
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-020-00807-x
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
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doi:10.1007/s11538-019-00627-8
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02460653
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-018-0459-6
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-011-9683-z
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-018-0476-5
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two types of behavior have been previously reported in models of immune networks. The typical behavior of simple models, which involve B cells only, is stationary behavior involving several steady states. Finite amplitude perturbations may cause the model to switch between different equilibria. The typical behavior of...
journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02460673
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-010-9543-2
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-009-9496-5
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-015-0089-1
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/bulm.1999.0126
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Bulletin of mathematical biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11538-018-0428-0
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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