Abstract:
:Ketamine was introduced into clinical practice in the 1960s and continues to be both clinically useful and scientifically fascinating. With considerably diverse molecular targets and neurophysiological properties, ketamine's effects on the central nervous system remain incompletely understood. Investigators have leveraged the unique characteristics of ketamine to explore the invariant, fundamental mechanisms of anesthetic action. Emerging evidence indicates that ketamine-mediated anesthesia may occur via disruption of corticocortical information transfer in a frontal-to-parietal ("top down") distribution. This proposed mechanism of general anesthesia has since been demonstrated with anesthetics in other pharmacological classes as well. Ketamine remains invaluable to the fields of anesthesiology and critical care medicine, in large part due to its ability to maintain cardiorespiratory stability while providing effective sedation and analgesia. Furthermore, there may be an emerging role for ketamine in treatment of refractory depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. In this article, we review the history of ketamine, its pharmacology, putative mechanisms of action and current clinical applications.
journal_name
Front Hum Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in human neuroscienceauthors
Li L,Vlisides PEdoi
10.3389/fnhum.2016.00612subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-11-29 00:00:00pages
612issn
1662-5161journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a degenerative disease affecting language while leaving other cognitive facilities relatively unscathed. The agrammatic subtype of PPA (PPA-G) is characterized by agrammatic language production with impaired comprehension of noncanonical filler-gap syntactic structures, such as obj...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.587594
更新日期:2021-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Reaction time testing is widely used in online computerized concussion assessments, and most concussion studies utilizing the metric have demonstrated varying degrees of difference between concussed and non-concussed individuals. The problem with most of these online concussion assessments is that they predominantly r...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.509091
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) are characterized by fear or anxiety about social situations, but also by important alterations in self-referential processing. Given advances in our understanding of the neurocircuitry and neurochemistry of SAD, the question arises of the relationship between this resear...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00489
更新日期:2015-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Oxytocin (OXT) is known to play an important role in trust, whereas the involvement of other peptide hormones has not been evaluated. In this study, we focused on microsatellite polymorphisms in the intron of the arginine-vasopressin receptor 1a (AVPR1a) gene and examined whether the association between the repeat len...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00230
更新日期:2019-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::The current study examined whether emotional expectations gate attention to emotional words in early visual cortex. Color cues informed about word valence and onset latency. We observed a stimulus-preceding negativity prior to the onset of cued words that was larger for negative than for neutral words. This indicates ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00281
更新日期:2019-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::High gamma oscillations (70-150 Hz; HG) are rapidly evolving, spatially localized neurophysiological signals that are believed to be the best representative signature of engaged neural populations. The HG band has been best characterized from invasive electrophysiological approaches such as electrocorticography becaus...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00817
更新日期:2014-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The lateral habenula (LHb) is emerging as a crucial structure capable of conveying rewarding and aversive information. Recent evidence indicates that a rapid increase in the activity of LHb neurons drives negative states and avoidance. Furthermore, the hyperexcitability of neurons in the LHb, especially those projecti...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00860
更新日期:2013-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00098.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00125
更新日期:2019-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Group musical improvisation is thought to be akin to conversation, and therapeutically has been shown to be effective at improving communicativeness, sociability, creative expression, and overall psychological health. To understand these therapeutic effects, clarifying the nature of brain activity during improvisation...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00156
更新日期:2018-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Reflex responses generated by cutaneous mechanoreceptors of the plantar foot are important for the maintenance of balance during postural tasks and gait. With aging, reflex generation, particularly from fast adapting type I receptors, is reduced, which likely contributes to impaired postural stability in this populati...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00351
更新日期:2020-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::The main objectives of this study were to investigate the development of face perception in Japanese children, focusing on the changes in face processing strategies (holistic and/or configural vs. feature-based) that occur during childhood. To achieve this, we analyzed the face-related N170 component, evoked by uprigh...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00263
更新日期:2015-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00095.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00239
更新日期:2020-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Deficits in social cognition are an evident clinical feature of the Asperger syndrome (AS). Although many daily life problems of adults with AS are related to social cognition impairments, few studies have conducted comprehensive research in this area. The current study examined multiple domains of social cognition in...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00302
更新日期:2012-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::To what extent does morphological structure play a role in early processing of visually presented English past tense verbs? Previous masked priming studies have demonstrated effects of obligatory form-based decomposition for genuinely affixed words (teacher-TEACH) and pseudo-affixed words (corner-CORN), but not for or...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00798
更新日期:2013-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate perception of surface reflectance poses a significant computational problem for the visual system. The amount of light reflected by a surface is affected by a combination of factors including the surface's reflectance properties and illumination conditions. The latter are not limited by the strength of the il...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00977
更新日期:2014-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate basic mechanisms underlying neurofeedback we investigated neural mechanisms of training of slow cortical potentials (SCPs) by considering EEG- and fMRI. Additionally, we analyzed the feasibility of a double-blind, placebo-controlled design in NF research based on regulation performance during treatment se...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00990
更新日期:2014-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00307.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00083
更新日期:2019-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::Substantia nigra is an important neuronal structure, located in the ventral midbrain, that exerts a regulatory function within the basal ganglia circuitry through the nigro-striatal pathway. Although its subcortical connections are relatively well-known in human brain, little is known about its cortical connections. T...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00374
更新日期:2016-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::During times of emotional stress, individuals often engage in emotion regulation to reduce the experiential and physiological impact of negative emotions. Interestingly, emotion regulation strategies also influence memory encoding of the event. Cognitive reappraisal is associated with enhanced memory while expressive ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2010.00230
更新日期:2010-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated pairing of electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) representation for a target muscle can induce neuroplastic adaptations in the human brain related to motor learning. The extent to which the motor state during this form of p...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00008
更新日期:2019-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::We used easily distinguishable stimuli of faces and houses constituted from straight lines, with the aim of learning whether they activate V1 on the one hand, and the specialized areas that are critical for the processing of faces and houses on the other, with similar latencies. Eighteen subjects took part in the expe...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00901
更新日期:2014-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Mainstream cognitive neuroscience has begun to accept the idea of embodied mind, which assumes that the human mind is fundamentally constituted by the dynamical interactions of the brain, body, and the environment. In today's paradigm of naturalistic neurosciences, subjects are exposed to rich contexts, such as video ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00794
更新日期:2014-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Peripersonal space, as opposed to extrapersonal space, is the space that contains reachable objects and in which multisensory and sensorimotor integration is enhanced. Thus, the perception of peripersonal space requires combining information on the spatial properties of the environment with information on the current ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00003
更新日期:2014-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Empathy is inherently interpersonal, but the majority of research has only examined observers. Targets of need have been largely held constant through hypothetical and fictionalized depictions of sympathetic distress and need. In the real world, people's response to life stressors varies widely-from stoicism to resili...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00488
更新日期:2013-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::Focusing on avoiding failure or negative outcomes (avoidance motivation) can undermine creativity, due to cognitive (e.g., threat appraisals), affective (e.g., anxiety), and volitional processes (e.g., low intrinsic motivation). This can be problematic for people who are avoidance motivated by nature and in situations...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00105
更新日期:2014-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::The traditional view of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) focuses on its role in episodic memory. However, some of the underlying functions of the MTL can be ascertained from its wider role in supporting spatial cognition in concert with parietal and prefrontal regions. The MTL is strongly implicated in the formation of ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00709
更新日期:2014-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Applying a precisely timed pulse of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) can produce temporary visuo-spatial neglect-like effects. Although the TMS is applied over PPC, it is not clear what other brain regions are involved. We applied TMS within a functional magnetic r...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00326
更新日期:2012-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::This review article deals with some effects of neck muscle proprioception on human balance, gait trajectory, subjective straight-ahead (SSA), and self-motion perception. These effects are easily observed during neck muscle vibration, a strong stimulus for the spindle primary afferent fibers. We first remind the early ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00895
更新日期:2014-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::Assessment of awareness for those with disorders of consciousness is a challenging undertaking, due to the complex presentation of the population. Debate surrounds whether behavioral assessments provide greatest accuracy in diagnosis compared to neuro-imaging methods, and despite developments in both, misdiagnosis rat...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00884
更新日期:2013-12-25 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 673 in vol. 8, PMID: 25221500.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00923
更新日期:2014-11-14 00:00:00