Abstract:
:Various physiological stimuli trigger the conversion of noninfective Leishmania donovani promastigotes to the infective form. Here, we present the first evidence of the effect of glucose starvation, on virulence and survival of these parasites. Glucose starvation resulted in a decrease in metabolically active parasites and their proliferation. However, this was reversed by supplementation of gluconeogenic amino acids. Glucose starvation induced metacyclogenesis and enhanced virulence through protein kinase A regulatory subunit (LdPKAR1) mediated autophagy. Glucose starvation driven oxidative stress upregulated the antioxidant machinery, culminating in increased infectivity and greater parasitic load in primary macrophages. Interestingly, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (LdPEPCK), a gluconeogenic enzyme, exhibited the highest activity under glucose starvation to regulate growth of L. donovani by alternatively utilising amino acids. Deletion of LdPEPCK (Δpepck) decreased virulent traits and parasitic load in primary macrophages but increased autophagosome formation in the mutant parasites. Furthermore, Δpepck parasites failed to activate the Pentose Phosphate Pathway shunt, abrogating NADPH/NADP+ homoeostasis, conferring increased susceptibility towards oxidants following glucose starvation. In conclusion, this study showed that L. donovani undertakes metabolic rearrangements via gluconeogenesis under glucose starvation for acquiring virulence and its survival in the hostile environment.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Saini S,Kumar Ghosh A,Singh R,Das S,Abhishek K,Kumar A,Verma S,Mandal A,Hasan Sardar A,Purkait B,Kumar A,Kumar Sinha K,Das Pdoi
10.1111/mmi.13534subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-12-01 00:00:00pages
1020-1042issue
6eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Bacteroides fragilis toxin (BFT) is a protein secreted by enterotoxigenic (ETBF) strains of B. fragilis. BFT is synthesized as a proprotein (proBFT) that is predicted to be a lipoprotein and that is cleaved into two discrete fragments by a clostripain-like protease called fragipain (Fpn). In this study, we obtained ev...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14616
更新日期:2020-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) strain DC3000 infects the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato, causing disease symptoms characterized by necrotic lesions surrounded by chlorosis. One mechanism used by Pst DC3000 to infect host plants is the type III protein secretion system, which is thought to deliver ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02964.x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical strains of Candida albicans are highly tolerant of aneuploidies and other genome rearrangements. We have used comparative genome hybridization (CGH), in an array format, to analyse the copy number of over 6000 open reading frames (ORFs) in the genomic DNA of C. albicans laboratory strains carrying one (CAI-4)...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04492.x
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression in the Leishmania is controlled post-transcriptionally, and is likely to be impacted by both 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). We have investigated the effects of trinucleotides in the AUG-proximal region (APR) (i.e. positions -3 to -1 upstream of an AUG) on two reporter genes in the context of an...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05228.x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the IS3 family of insertion sequences are found in a wide range of bacteria. At least 10 members of this family carry two major open reading frames: a small upstream frame (0 phase), and a longer downstream frame in the -1 phase. The downstream frame shows significant similarity at the amino acid level. A h...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00555.x
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We demonstrate that disruption of the htrA (high temperature requirement A) gene in either the virulent Bacillus anthracis Vollum (pXO1(+) , pXO2(+) ), or in the ΔVollum (pXO1(-), pXO2(-), nontoxinogenic and noncapsular) strains, affect significantly the ability of the resulting mutants to withstand heat, oxidative, e...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07790.x
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Escherichia coli, bulky DNA lesions are repaired primarily by nucleotide excision repair (NER). Unrepaired lesions encountered by DNA polymerase at the replication fork create a blockage which may be relieved through RecF-dependent recombination. We have designed an assay to monitor the different mechanisms through...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05790.x
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used a targeted gene deletion event to remove the coding region for the bgl1 gene encoding an extracellular beta-glucosidase from the genome of the cellulolytic fungus Trichoderma reesei. The bgl1 null mutants were used to investigate the role of beta-glucosidase in the hydrolysis of cellulose and induction of...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01777.x
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mitis group streptococci (MGS) are widespread in the oral cavity and are traditionally associated with oral health. However, these organisms have many attributes that contribute to the development of pathogenic oral communities. MGS adhere rapidly to saliva-coated tooth surfaces, thereby providing an attachment su...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07707.x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of dnaA is autoregulated, in that transcription of the gene increases when DnaA is inactivated (and initiation of replication prevented) and decreases when DnaA is supplied in excess. However, the inactivation of DnaA does not necessarily lead to increased DnaA production, as dnaA(Ts; temperature sensit...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.3121675.x
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biosynthesis of fatty acids is one of the most fundamental biochemical pathways in nature. In bacteria and plant chloroplasts, the committed and rate-limiting step in fatty acid biosynthesis is catalyzed by a multi-subunit form of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme (ACC). This enzyme carboxylates acetyl-CoA to produce ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12912
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ail, a multifunctional outer membrane protein of Yersinia pestis, confers cell binding, Yop delivery and serum resistance activities. Resistance to complement proteins in serum is critical for the survival of Y. pestis during the septicemic stage of plague infections. Bacteria employ a variety of tactics to evade the ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14140
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Streptomyces wild-type chromosome is linear in all examples studied. The ends of the chromosome or telomeres consist of terminal inverted repeats of various sizes with proteins covalently bound to their 5' ends. The chromosome is very unstable and undergoes very large deletions spontaneously at rates higher than 0...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00652.x
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The haemolytic activity of Serratia marcescens is determined by two proteins, ShlA and ShlB. ShlA integrates into the erythrocyte membrane and causes osmotic lysis through channel formation. The conformation of ShlA and its interaction with erythrocyte membranes were studied by determining the cleavage of ShlA by adde...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00190.x
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shigella flexneri kills macrophages through apoptosis, involving the induction of host cell DNA fragmentation and characteristic morphological changes. Shigella can only cause damage if it escapes from the phagolysosome into the cytoplasm. The S. flexneri cytotoxic genes have been localized to the ipa operon of shigel...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00341.x
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cer-Xer dimer resolution system of plasmid ColE1 is highly selective, acting only at sites on the same molecule and in direct repeat. Recombination requires the XerCD recombinase and accessory proteins ArgR and PepA. The Escherichia coli chromosome dimer resolution site dif and the type II hybrid site use the same...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.5471072.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-cell communication via the production and detection of chemical signal molecules has been the focus of a great deal of research over the past decade. One class of chemical signals widely used by proteobacteria consists of N-acyl-homoserine lactones, which are synthesized by proteins related to LuxI of Vibrio fisc...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04212.x
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development of penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae is due to successive mutations in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which reduce their affinity for beta-lactam antibiotics. PBP2x is one of the high-Mr PBPs which appears to be altered both in resistant clinical isolates, and in cefotaxime-resistant la...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00115.x
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) is the causal agent of black rot in crucifers. Our previous findings revealed that Xcc can degrade 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) via the β-ketoadipate pathway. This present study expands on this knowledge in several ways. First, we show that infective Xcc cells induce in sit...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14585
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Penicillium chrysogenum is the main industrial producer of the β-lactam antibiotic penicillin, the most commonly used drug in the treatment of bacterial infections. Recently, a functional MAT1-1 locus encoding the α-box transcription factor MAT1-1-1 was discovered to control sexual development in P. chrysogenum. As on...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12987
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the multicellular bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor, functions of developmental (bald) genes are required for the biosynthesis of SapB, a hydrophobic peptidic morphogen that facilitates aerial hyphae formation. Here, we show that aerial hyphal growth and SapB biosynthesis could be activated independently from the n...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03255.x
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gene bank of Azorhizobium caulinodans DNA constructed in the bacteriophage lambda GEM11 was screened with Rhizobium meliloti fixL and fixJ genes as probes. One positive recombinant phage, ORS lambda L, was isolated. The nucleotide sequence of a 3.7 kb fragment was established. Two open reading frames of 1512bp and 6...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb00738.x
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are the macromolecules that transfer activated amino acids from aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to the ribosome, where they are used for the mRNA guided synthesis of proteins. Transfer RNAs are ancient molecules, perhaps even predating the existence of the translation machinery. Albeit old, these mole...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/mmi.13419
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the role of P fimbriae in the establishment of bacteriuria. Patients (n = 17) were subjected to intravesical inoculation with an asymptomatic bacteriuria strain, Escherichia coli 83972, or its P-fimbriated (pap+/prs+) transformants. As shown by groupwise analysis, the pap+/prs+ transformants establ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02165.x
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The wrinkly spreader (WS) genotype of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 colonizes the air-liquid interface of spatially structured microcosms resulting in formation of a thick biofilm. Its ability to colonize this niche is largely due to overproduction of a cellulosic polymer, the product of the wss operon. Chemical analy...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03670.x
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In '5'-translational blockage', significantly reduced yields of proteins are synthesized in Escherichia coli when consecutive low-usage codons are inserted near translation starts of messages (with reduced or no effect when these same codons are inserted downstream). We tested the hypothesis that ribosomes encounterin...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.5081871.x
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic adaptations are critical to the ability of bacterial pathogens to grow within host cells and are normally preceded by sensing of host-specific metabolic signals, which in turn can influence the pathogen's virulence state. Previously, we reported that the intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogene...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.12890
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fluidity and phase state of bacterial lipid bilayers commonly change in response to ambient environmental conditions to maintain the critical functions of the envelope as a semipermeable and selective boundary. A special, and intricate, set of alterations in membrane lipid metabolism is elicited by conditions caus...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00645.x
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify proteins expressed in Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 during exponential growth in defined medium, we separated soluble proteins of E. coli over two dimensions of native-state high-performance liquid chromatography, and examined the components of the protein mixtures in each of 380 fractions by peptide mass f...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03294.x
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite whose rapid lytic replication cycles define its pathogenicity. We identified a temperature-sensitive growth mutant, FV-P6, which irreversibly arrests before the middle of the G1 stage of the tachyzoite cell cycle. This arrest is caused by a point mutati...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08044.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00