Abstract：
:DNA replication is an important step in the life cycle of every cell that ensures the continuous flow of genetic information from one generation to the next. In all organisms, chromosome replication must be coordinated with overall cell growth. Helicobacter pylori growth strongly depends on its interaction with the host, particularly with the gastric epithelium. Moreover, H. pylori actively searches for an optimal microniche within a stomach, and it has been shown that not every microniche equally supports growth of this bacterium. We postulate that besides nutrients, H. pylori senses different, unknown signals, which presumably also affect chromosome replication to maintain H. pylori propagation at optimal ratio allowing H. pylori to establish a chronic, lifelong infection. Thus, H. pylori chromosome replication and particularly the regulation of this process might be considered important for bacterial pathogenesis. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of chromosome and plasmid replication in H. pylori and discuss the mechanisms responsible for regulating this key cellular process. The results of extensive studies conducted thus far allow us to propose common and unique traits in H. pylori chromosome replication. Interestingly, the repertoire of proteins involved in replication in H. pylori is significantly different to that in E. coli, strongly suggesting that novel factors are engaged in H. pylori chromosome replication and could represent attractive drug targets.
journal_name
Curr Top Microbiol Immunoljournal_title
Current topics in microbiology and immunologyauthors
Zawilak-Pawlik A,Zakrzewska-Czerwińska Jdoi
10.1007/978-3-319-50520-6_4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
73-103eissn
0070-217Xissn
2196-9965journal_volume
400pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Interleukin (IL)-22 is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, which, besides IL-10, contains seven additional cytokines. Although the founding member IL-10 is an important immunoregulatory cytokine that represses both innate and adaptive immunity, the other family members preferentially target epithelial cells and...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-662-43492-5_10
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has evolved numerous strategies to commandeer the host cell for producing viral progeny. The virus manipulates host cell cycle pathways from the early stages of infection to stimulate viral DNA replication at the expense of cellular DNA synthesis. At the same time, cell cycle checkpoints a...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-77349-8_14
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In view of the recent studies on the CDCs, a reasonable schematic of the stages leading to membrane insertion of the CDCs can be assembled. As shown in Fig. 3, we propose that the CDC first binds to the membrane as a monomer. These monomers then diffuse laterally on the membrane surface to encounter other monomers or ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-56508-3_2
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Influenza vaccines are the mainstay of efforts to reduce the substantial health burden from seasonal influenza. Inactivated influenza vaccines have been available since the 1940s and are administered via intramuscular injection. Inactivated vaccines can be given to anyone six months of age or older. Live attenuated, c...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-92165-3_3
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhabdoviruses, mainly in rainbow trout, are among the most devastating viruses for worldwide aquaculture. To date no effective treatments to fight against these viruses are available. During the past years, several approaches to develop efficient vaccines have been undertaken such as the use of immunogenic recombinant...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-27485-5_6
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review will focus on the principal clinical and pathophysiological features of the anaemia of falciparum malaria, including the problems of treating malarial anaemia, and also will suggest how recent advances in genomics may help our understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this syndrome. ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-29088-5_6
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The accumulation of protein aggregates has a fundamental role in the patophysiology of distinct neurodegenerative diseases. This phenomenon may have a common origin, where disruption of intracellular mechanisms related to protein homeostasis (here termed proteostasis) control during aging may result in abnormal protei...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2017_52
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been estimated that there are more microorganisms within and upon the human body than there are human cells. By necessity, every accessible niche must be defended by innate mechanisms to prevent invasive infection, and ideally that precludes the need for robust inflammatory responses. Yet the potential for path...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-29916-5_5
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HAM/TSP is a chronic inflammatory disease of the spinal cord. It is rather rare in HTLV-1-infected individuals. Immunogenetic factors of the HLA complex have been identified that support or prevent the development of the disease. In HAM/TSP patients a characteristic constellation of high proviral loads and increased c...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-662-09525-6_10
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The collaboration between Alick Isaacs and myself started in the summer of 1956. Our initial project was to show, by electron microscopy, that interference between inactivated influenza virus and live virus involved the transfer of material from the interfering virus to the host cell. This approach failed for technica...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-71329-6_1
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SIV-PBj14 is atypical for a lentivirus in that infection of pig-tailed macaques usually does not result in long-term progressive disease; however, this model may potentially provide valuable information about the pathogenesis of HIV and the development of AIDS. By capitalizing on some of the unique properties of the v...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-78536-8_4
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The design of the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection cycle is tightly fitted to the differentiation program of its natural host, the keratinocyte. This has important consequences for the role of antigen-presenting cells in the priming of antiviral immunity. The confinement of HPV infection to epithelia puts the epit...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-662-06508-2_10
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) related to Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8) after organ transplantation is 500-1000 times greater than in the general population, and its occurrence is associated with immunosuppressive therapy. The reported incidence of posttransplant KS ranges from 0.5% to 5%, d...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-34344-8_9
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The "humanized mouse" is a mouse harboring functioning human tissues used as in vivo human models for both physiological and pathological conditions. The NOD/Shi-scid IL2rgamma(null) (NOG) mouse, an excellent immunodeficient mouse used as the basis for the humanized mouse, requires strict genetic and environmental con...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-75647-7_1
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:B. anthracis virulence is the sum of the contributions of factors involved in toxicity, growth and persistence in the host. Recent data has revealed that the interactions between B. anthracis and macrophage is central to the B. anthracis pathogenesis. This review presents and describes tactics by which B. anthracis no...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-662-05767-4_6
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By now, it is well established that the error rate of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) that replicates RNA virus genomes is a primary driver of the mutation frequencies observed in RNA virus populations-the basis for the RNA quasispecies. Over the last 10 years, a considerable amount of work has uncovered the m...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2015_483
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In conventionally reared mice germinal centers (GCs) are chronically induced in Peyer's patches (PP), mesenteric lymph node (MLN), and isolated lymphoid follicles (ILF) of gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT), as a result of continuous B cell stimulation by commensal bacteria. It is generally thought that BCR-mediat...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-30657-9_7
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possibility that a new form of human prion disease, variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) had occurred in the UK was first raised by the identification of a small number of cases with unusual clinical characteristics. Atypical features included a young age at death, a predominantly psychiatric presentation, a r...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-662-08441-0_5
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in the biological characterization of tumors has led to the design and development of anticancer agents targeting specific molecular alterations. The majority of these agents are designed to silence phosphorylation signals that are required for the development and maintenance of the cancer phenotype in specif...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2011_164
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the last two decades, researchers have developed robust systems for recombinant subunit vaccine production in plants. Stably and transiently transformed plants have particular advantages that enable immunization of humans and animals via mucosal delivery. The initial goal to immunize orally by ingestion of plan...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2011_158
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activation and expansion of T cells in an antimicrobial immune response is based on the ability of T cell receptors (TCR) to discriminate between MHC-bound peptides derived from different microbial agents as well as self-proteins. However, the specificity of T cells is constrained by the limited number of peptide ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-30791-5_2
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular mimics of self-antigens can behave as altered peptide ligands and serve to ameliorate autoimmune disease. Analysis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with proteomic autoantibody microarrays reveals that there might exist a wide variety of microbes with features that mimic self-epitopes. Autoimmunit...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/3-540-30791-5_4
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NF-κB is a pivotal transcription factor that controls cell survival and proliferation in diverse physiological processes. The activity of NF-κB is tightly controlled through its cytoplasmic sequestration by specific inhibitors, IκBs. Various cellular stimuli induce the activation of an IκB kinase, which phosphorylates...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2010_108
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Certain vertebrates are capable of regenerating parts of the eye, including the lens. Depending on the species, two principal forms of in vivo lens regeneration have been described wherein the new lens arises from either the pigmented epithelium of the dorsal iris or the cornea epithelium. These forms of lens regenera...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2012_289
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammalian orthoreoviruses (reoviruses) are prototype members of the Reoviridae family of nonenveloped viruses. Reoviruses contain ten double-stranded RNA gene segments enclosed in two concentric protein shells, outer capsid and core. These viruses serve as a versatile experimental system for studies of virus cell entr...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2010_32
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CVB3 myocarditis can lead to dilated cardiomyopath (DCM). DCM is one of the leading causes of the need for heart transplantation, so it is important to understand the life cycle of CVB3 and its interactions with the host cell. Infection causes rapid death of host cardiomyocytes by altering normal cellular homeostasis ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-540-75546-3_8
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animal models of ricin toxicosis are necessary for testing the efficacy of therapeutic measures, as well studying the mechanisms by which ricin exerts its toxicity in intact animals. Because ricin can serve as a particularly well-characterized model of tissue damage, and the host response to that damage, studies of th...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/82_2011_173
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to regulate and even target mutagenesis is an extremely valuable cellular asset. Enzyme-catalyzed DNA cytosine deamination is a molecular strategy employed by vertebrates to promote antibody diversity and defend against foreign nucleic acids. Ten years ago, a family of cellular enzymes was first described ...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-642-37765-5_1
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Theoretical modeling of quasispecies has progressed in several directions. In this chapter, we review the works of Emmanuel Tannenbaum, who, together with Eugene Shakhnovich at Harvard University and later with colleagues and students at Ben-Gurion University in Beersheva, implemented one of the more useful approaches...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2015_456
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clostridium difficile causes infectious diarrhoea in humans and animals. It has been found in both diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal pigs, horses and cattle, suggesting a potential reservoir for human insection, and in 20-40 % of meat products in Canada and the USA, suggesting the possibility, albeit not proven, of food-b...
journal_title：Current topics in microbiology and immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/82_2012_237
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
