Abstract：
:A method for determination of absorption rate and bioavailability was developed to reduce the influence of intraindividual variability and applied to the absolute intraperitoneal availability of lithium in the rat. In this method the test and the reference doses are given with a few hours' interval, and the resulting concentration-time data are analyzed by nonlinear regression. The bioavailability estimation by this approach was compared to that of the traditional method, with test and reference doses given on separate days. The mean estimates of availability were 1.035 +/- 0.109 (N = 7) and 0.984 +/- 0.052 (N = 11) for the traditional and the alternative method, respectively. Thus, the precision was better in the latter. Major influences of dose- or time-dependent kinetics of lithium on the availability estimates were excluded by the design used. The estimation of bioavailability was robust with respect to the choice of absorption and disposition model and the duration of sampling. The plasma clearance of lithium was 169 +/- 15 ml/hr/kg, with a terminal half-life of 5.0 +/- 0.5 hr (N = 5).
journal_name
Pharm Resjournal_title
Pharmaceutical researchauthors
Karlsson MO,Bredberg Udoi
10.1023/a:1015939917646subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-09-01 00:00:00pages
817-21issue
9eissn
0724-8741issn
1573-904Xjournal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The immune system has the ability to recognize and kill pre-cancer and cancer cells. However, with the immune system's surveillance, the survival tumor cells learn how to escape the immune system after immunoselection. Cancer immunotherapy develops strategies to overcome these problems. Nanomedicine applications in ca...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11095-010-0258-8
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Formulate phospho-sulindac (P-S, OXT-328) in a Pluronic hydrogel to be used as a topical anti-inflammatory agent and study its efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics in an arthritis model. METHODS:LEW/crlBR rats with Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis were treated with P-S formulated in Pluronic hydrogel (PSH)...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-012-0953-8
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:A novel photo-activated targeted chemotherapy was developed by photochemical internalization (PCI) of glutathione-sensitive polymeric micelles incorporating camptothecin (CPT) prepared from thiolated CPT (CPT-DP) and thiolated poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(glutamic acid) (PEG-b-P(Glu-DP)) METHODS: PEG-b-P(Glu-DP...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-008-9712-2
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To characterize the distribution of water among various components in a powder blend using solid-state NMR spectroscopy. METHODS:Water sorption behavior of theophylline anhydrate and excipients was determined by dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) and Karl Fischer Titration (KFT) after storing them in humidity chambe...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-016-1972-7
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Pancreatic cancer remains the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Therefore, novel strategies for the prevention and/or treatment are urgently needed. Genistein has been found to be responsible for lowering the rate of pancreatic cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms by wh...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-010-0106-x
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Phase II metabolism involves the conjugation of a polar moiety, such as sulfate or glucuronic acid, to a (relatively) nonpolar xenobiotic. Although it might be expected that such conjugates may exhibit amphiphilic character (e.g., surface activity and potential to form micelles), no detailed study of the micell...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022672608657
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animal models are used commonly in various stages of drug discovery and development to aid in the prospective assessment of drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential and the understanding of the underlying mechanism for DDI of a drug candidate. In vivo assessments in an appropriate animal model can be very valuable, when ...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11095-010-0157-z
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of two hydrophobic prodrugs of ganciclovir (3 = dipropionate ester; 4 = diadamantoate ester). Both prodrugs undergo hydrolysis showing a pH dependence of kobs = kH+aH+ + ko + kHO-aHO- and a pH of maximum stability near pH 5. Only 4 exhibited a shelf life (t90) greater th...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015809408908
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We recently developed prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1))-encapsulated nanoparticles, prepared with a poly(lactide) homopolymer (PLA, Mw = 17,500) and monomethoxy poly(ethyleneglycol)-PLA block copolymer (PEG-PLA) (NP-L20). In this study, we tested whether the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon is observed wi...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-009-9943-x
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Recent studies have demonstrated the potential for a triglyceride (TG) mimetic prodrug to promote the delivery of mycophenolic acid (MPA) to the lymphatic system. Here, the metabolic pathways that facilitate the lymphatic transport of the TG prodrug (1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-mycophenoloyl glycerol, 2-MPA-TG) were exam...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-014-1579-9
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibition of efflux pumps is an emerging approach in cancer therapy and drug delivery. Since it has been discovered that polymeric pharmaceutical excipients such as Tweens or Pluronics can inhibit efflux pumps, various other polymers have been investigated regarding their potential efflux pump inhibitory activity. Am...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11095-007-9347-8
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To show that atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used to directly study the electrostatic charging and dissipation of single pharmaceutical particles. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Particles of lactose attached to AFM cantilevers were charged on a glass surface at a relative humidity (RH) of 0.1%. By recording force-...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-006-9230-z
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Some therapeutic peptides exhibit amyloidogenic properties that cause insolubility and cytotoxicity against neuronal cells in vitro. Here, we characterize the conformational change in monomeric therapeutic peptide to its fibrillar aggregate in order to prevent amyloidogenic formation during clinical application...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:pham.0000033016.36825.2c
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To identify the molecules responsible for amyloid beta-peptide (1-40) (Abeta(1-40)) uptake by the liver, which play a major role in the systemic clearance of Abeta(1-40). METHODS:The liver uptake index method was used to examine the mechanisms of Abeta(1-40) uptake by the liver in vivo. RESULTS:[125I]Abeta(1-...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-006-0208-7
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:It was the purpose of this study to develop a new oral drug delivery system for low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) providing an improved bioavailability and a prolonged therapeutic effect. METHODS:The permeation enhancing polycarbophil-cysteine conjugate (PCP-Cys) used in this study displayed 111.4 +/- 6.4 mi...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1023803706746
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The use of "Trojan Horse" nanocarriers for antibiotics to enhance the activity of antibiotics against susceptible and resistant bacteria is investigated. METHODS:Antibiotic carriers (CD-MAN and CD-GLU) are prepared from β-cyclodextrin grafted with sugar molecules (D-mannose and D-glucose, respectively) via azi...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-016-1861-0
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The current study was designed to develop thiolated-graphene quantum dots (SH-GQDs) as a theranostic nanocarrier and evaluate its potential for the optimal scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages. METHODS:SH-GQDs were prepared by hydrothermal pyrolysis of carbon source (citric acid) in the p...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-016-2000-7
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this work is to design new chitosan conjugates able to self-organize in aqueous solution in the form of micrometer-size platelets. When mixed with amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmB-DOC), micro-platelets act as a drug booster allowing further improvement in AmB-DOC anti-Candida albicans activity. METH...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-017-2117-3
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to investigate the depth-dependent intradermal immunogenicity of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) delivered by depth-controlled microinjections via hollow microneedles (HMN) and to investigate antibody response enhancing effects of IPV immunization adjuvanted with CpG oligodeoxynucleoti...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-016-1965-6
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To prepare acylated exenatide analogues and investigate their biological properties for guiding the development of PLGA formulations of exenatide. METHODS:The acylated exenatide analogues were prepared by reaction with glycolic acid (GA), one constitutional unit of PLGA, and characterized by HPLC-MS/MS and Cir...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-014-1298-2
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to investigate the impact of the size of X-ray iodinated contrast agent in nano-emulsions, on their toxicity and fate in vivo. METHODS:A new compound, triiodobenzoate cholecalciferol, was synthetized, formulated as nano-emulsions, and followed after i.v. administration in mice by X-ray imaging...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-015-1813-0
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Labrasol and Gelucire 44/14 are defined admixtures of acylglycerols and PEG esters which are substrates for digestive lipases. METHODS:We investigated their in vitro gastrointestinal lipolysis to understand which compounds are, after digestion, responsible for keeping poorly water-soluble drugs in solution. Th...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-009-9906-2
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Information on genetic variants that affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of drugs in different populations from Mexico is still an ongoing endeavor. Here, we investigate allele frequencies on pharmacogenetic targets in Mexican Mestizos and Natives from three different States and its associa...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-016-1990-5
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:For the assessment of bioequivalence it is assumed that drug clearance in each subject on each of the study days is the same and any observed differences in AUC and/or Cmax between a brand and generic formulation are due to differences in bioavailability. We hypothesized that this assumption was invalid for hig...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1016040825844
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Platinum-based therapies are the first line treatments for most types of cancer including ovarian cancer. However, their use is associated with dose-limiting toxicities and resistance. We report initial translational studies of a theranostic nanoemulsion loaded with a cisplatin derivative, myrisplatin and pro-a...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-015-1660-z
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Understanding the critical factors governing the crystallization tendency of organic compounds is vital when assessing the feasibility of an amorphous formulation to improve oral bioavailability. The objective of this study was to investigate potential links between viscosity and crystallization tendency for or...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-011-0540-4
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the suitability of three antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as cell-penetrating antimicrobial peptides. METHODS:Cellular uptake of three AMPs (PK-12-KKP, SA-3 and TPk) and a cell-penetrating peptide (penetratin), all 5(6)-carboxytetramethylrhodamine-labeled, were tested in HeLa WT cells and analyzed ...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-014-1550-9
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Type I collagen accumulates during liver fibrosis primarily because α-complex protein-2 (αCP(2)), encoded by the poly(rC) binding protein 2 (PCBP2) gene, binds to the 3' end of the collagen mRNA and increases its half-life. This study aimed to reverse the pro-fibrogenic effect of alcohol on hepatic stellate cel...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-011-0475-9
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Understanding the mechanism of protein-excipient interaction and illuminating the influencing factors on protein stability are key steps in the rational design of protein formulations. The objective of this study was to assess effects of preferential interaction type of excipient and surface aromatic hydrophobi...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-017-2152-0
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The acne skin is characteristic of a relatively lower pH microenvironment compared to the healthy skin. The aim of this work was to utilize such pH discrepancy as a site-specific trigger for on-demand topical adapalene delivery. METHODS:The anti-acne agent, adapalene, was encapsulated in acid-responsive polyme...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-014-1398-z
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
