The Pathogenic Potential of a Microbe.

abstract：:Vibrio cholerae is a noninvasive pathogen that colonizes the small intestine and produces cholera toxin, causing severe secretory diarrhea. Cholera results in long lasting immunity, and recent studies have improved our understanding of the antigenic repertoire of V. cholerae Interactions between the host, V. cholerae,...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Weil AA,Becker RL,Harris JB

更新日期：2019-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The cell-to-cell heterogeneity in a bacterial population provides a rich response to environmental changes and robust survival of an isogenic population. Especially, the rare, extreme phenotypes can be important for survival under transient lethal conditions. We analyze the probability of having an extremely high or l...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Svenningsen MS,Semsey S,Mitarai N

更新日期：2019-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was carried out to evaluate hypotheses generated by fundamental cause theory regarding the socioeconomic status (SES) gradient in colonization with Staphylococcus aureus among Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults living in a border community. Participants (n = 613) recruited in naturally occurring small groups ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Barger SD,Lininger MR,Trotter RT 2nd,Wayment HA,Mbegbu M,Kyman S,Pearson T

更新日期：2020-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Brucella, the agent causing brucellosis, is a major zoonotic pathogen with worldwide distribution. Brucella resides and replicates inside infected host cells in membrane-bound compartments called Brucella-containing vacuoles (BCVs). Following uptake, Brucella resides in endosomal BCVs (eBCVs) that gradually mature fro...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Casanova A,Low SH,Québatte M,Sedzicki J,Tschon T,Ketterer M,Smith K,Emmenlauer M,Ben-Tekaya H,Dehio C

更新日期：2019-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:We are exposed daily to many glycans from bacteria and food plants. Bacterial glycans are generally antigenic and elicit antibody responses. It is unclear if food glycans' sharing of antigens with bacterial glycans influences our immune responses to bacteria. We studied 14 different plant foods for cross-reactivity wi...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Nahm MH,Yu J,Vlach J,Bar-Peled M

更新日期：2020-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus or milu) is an endangered species, and the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) such as mcr-1-positive strains among them has been unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genomic characterizations of mcr-1-positive strains and provide insight into the dissemi...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Lu X,Xiao X,Liu Y,Huang S,Li R,Wang Z

更新日期：2020-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Lassa virus (LASV), a member of the family Arenaviridae, is the causative agent of Lassa fever. Lassa virus is endemic in West African countries, such as Nigeria, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, and causes outbreaks annually. Lassa fever onset begins with "flu-like" symptoms and may develop into lethal hemorrhagic ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Maruyama J,Manning JT,Mateer EJ,Sattler R,Bukreyeva N,Huang C,Paessler S

更新日期：2019-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The azithromycin resistance conferred by phosphotransferase is encoded in the gene mph(A). This gene has been discovered in and reported for many bacterial species. We examined the prevalence of azithromycin resistance in Vibrio fluvialis (AR-VF) isolated during 2014 to 2015 from the hospitalized acute diarrheal patie...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Chowdhury G,Ramamurthy T,Ghosh A,Dutta S,Takahashi E,Mukhopadhyay AK

更新日期：2019-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The oral periodontopathic bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum has been repeatedly associated with colorectal tumors. Molecular analysis has identified specific virulence factors that promote tumorigenesis in the colon. However, other oral community members, such as members of the Porphyromonas spp., are also found with ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Flynn KJ,Baxter NT,Schloss PD

更新日期：2016-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The newly emerged Candida species Candida auris is associated with an exponential rise in life-threatening invasive disease in health care facilities worldwide. Unlike other species, C. auris exhibits a high level of transmissibility, multidrug resistance, and persistence in the environment, yet little is known about ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Vila T,Montelongo-Jauregui D,Ahmed H,Puthran T,Sultan AS,Jabra-Rizk MA

更新日期：2020-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza D virus (IDV) is unique among four types of influenza viruses in that it utilizes cattle as a primary reservoir. The thermal and acid stability of IDV were examined and directly compared with those of influenza A virus (IAV), influenza B virus (IBV), and influenza C virus (ICV). The results of our experiment...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Yu J,Hika B,Liu R,Sheng Z,Hause BM,Li F,Wang D

更新日期：2017-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Candida albicans, a pervasive opportunistic pathogen, undergoes a unique phenotypic transition from a "white" phenotype to an "opaque" phenotype. The switch to opaque impacts gene expression, cell morphology, wall structure, metabolism, biofilm formation, mating, virulence, and colonization of the skin and gastrointes...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Park YN,Pujol C,Wessels DJ,Soll DR

更新日期：2020-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) is an integrative genetic island first described in Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium DT104 and Agona in 2000. Variants of it have since been described in multiple serovars of S. enterica, as well as in Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Morganella morganii, and sever...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Cummins ML,Roy Chowdhury P,Marenda MS,Browning GF,Djordjevic SP

更新日期：2019-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examines the pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials that are used to treat Salmonella with each other and with key components of the innate immune system. Antimicrobial synergy was assessed using time-kill and checkerboard assays. Antimicrobial interactions with innate immunity were studied by employing catheli...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Sakoulas G,Kumaraswamy M,Kousha A,Nizet V

更新日期：2017-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile, also known as Clostridioides difficile, is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that is a leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. C. difficile infections begin when its metabolically dormant spores germinate to form toxin-producing vegetative cells. Successful spore germination depe...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Diaz OR,Sayer CV,Popham DL,Shen A

更新日期：2018-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00393-18.]. ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Foe IT,Onguka O,Amberg-Johnson K,Garner RM,Amara N,Beatty W,Yeh E,Bogyo M

更新日期：2018-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The fungal pathogen Candida glabrata can cause both mucosal and disseminated infections. Cell adhesion, a key step in colonization and infection, depends in C. glabrata primarily on the Epa family of cell adhesion proteins. While Epa proteins have been documented to mediate specific adhesion to host glycans, some of t...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Valotteau C,Prystopiuk V,Cormack BP,Dufrêne YF

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Felipe Santiago-Tirado studies the cell biology of cryptococcal infections. In this mSphere of Influence article, he reflects on how the papers "Systematic Genetic Analysis of Virulence in the Human Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans" (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.046) and "Unraveling the Biology of a F...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Santiago-Tirado FH

更新日期：2019-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The wide distribution of colistin-resistant bacteria in developing countries has become a common phenomenon. To understand the mechanisms underlying their distribution, we studied the mcr genetic background of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from the fecal microbiota of healthy human residents from a comm...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Yamaguchi T,Kawahara R,Hamamoto K,Hirai I,Khong DT,Nguyen TN,Tran HT,Motooka D,Nakamura S,Yamamoto Y

更新日期：2020-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence shows that exosomes are key regulators in cancer cell-to-cell communication. Several reports on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related malignancies demonstrate that latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) secreted by exosomes derived from EBV- or LMP1-positive cells can promote cancer progression and metastasis...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Kobayashi E,Aga M,Kondo S,Whitehurst C,Yoshizaki T,Pagano JS,Shackelford J

更新日期：2018-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are known to differ from those associated with non-CF hosts by colony morphology, drug susceptibility patterns, and genomic hypermutability. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from CF patients have long been recognized for their overall r...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Qin X,Zhou C,Zerr DM,Adler A,Addetia A,Yuan S,Greninger AL

更新日期：2018-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonribosomal peptide synthases produce short peptides in a manner that is distinct from classical mRNA-dependent ribosome-mediated translation. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome harbors a nonribosomal peptide synthase gene, nrp, which is part of a gene cluster proposed to be involved in the biosynthesis of isonitr...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Bhatt K,Machado H,Osório NS,Sousa J,Cardoso F,Magalhães C,Chen B,Chen M,Kim J,Singh A,Ferreira CM,Castro AG,Torrado E,Jacobs WR Jr,Bhatt A,Saraiva M

更新日期：2018-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Spores, the infectious agents of many Firmicutes, are remarkably resilient cell forms. Even distant relatives can have similar spore architectures although some display unique features; they all incorporate protective proteinaceous envelopes. We previously found that Bacillus spores can achieve these protective proper...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Janganan TK,Mullin N,Dafis-Sagarmendi A,Brunt J,Tzokov SB,Stringer S,Moir A,Chaudhuri RR,Fagan RP,Hobbs JK,Bullough PA

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria must sense alterations in their environment and respond with changes in function and/or structure in order to cope. Extracytoplasmic function sigma factors (ECF σs) modulate transcription in response to cellular and environmental signals. The symbiotic nitrogen-fixing alphaproteobacterium Sinorhizobium melilo...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Lang C,Barnett MJ,Fisher RF,Smith LS,Diodati ME,Long SR

更新日期：2018-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Human adenoviruses (HAdV), species D in particular (HAdV-D), are frequently associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). Although the infection originates at the ocular surface epithelium, the mechanisms by which HAdV-Ds bypass the membrane-associated mucin (MAM)-rich glycocalyx of the ocular surface epitheliu...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Menon BB,Zhou X,Spurr-Michaud S,Rajaiya J,Chodosh J,Gipson IK

更新日期：2016-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Aspergillus species cause pulmonary invasive aspergillosis resulting in nearly 100,000 deaths each year. Patients at the greatest risk of developing life-threatening aspergillosis have weakened immune systems and/or various lung disorders. Patients are treated with antifungals such as amphotericin B (AmB), caspofungin...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Ambati S,Ferarro AR,Kang SE,Lin J,Lin X,Momany M,Lewis ZA,Meagher RB

更新日期：2019-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Current in vitro techniques for the culture of microorganisms, and particularly of delicate microbial biofilms, are still mostly limited to low-density plates and manual labor and are not amenable to automation and true high-throughput (HT) applications. We have developed a novel fully automated platform for the forma...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Srinivasan A,Torres NS,Leung KP,Lopez-Ribot JL,Ramasubramanian AK

更新日期：2017-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Neal Hammer works in the field of bacterial pathogenesis, metabolism, and antibiotic resistance. In this mSphere of Influence article, he reflects on how "Gut inflammation provides a respiratory electron acceptor for Salmonella" by Winter and colleagues (S. E. Winter, P. Thiennimitr, M. G. Winter, B. P. Butler, et al....

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Hammer ND

更新日期：2020-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridioides difficile is an obligately anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium that is considered the leading cause of nosocomial diarrhea worldwide. Recent studies have attempted to understand the biology of the outermost layer of C. difficile spores, the exosporium, which is believed to contr...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Romero-Rodríguez A,Troncoso-Cotal S,Guerrero-Araya E,Paredes-Sabja D

更新日期：2020-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)-Cas9 is a novel genome-editing system that has been successfully established in Aspergillus fumigatus. However, the current state of the technology relies heavily on DNA-based expression cassettes for delivering Cas9 and the guide RNA (gRNA) to the cell...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Al Abdallah Q,Ge W,Fortwendel JR

更新日期：2017-11-22 00:00:00