Abstract:
:Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause physical disability and psychological distress; however, whether SCI is a risk factor for dementia is unclear. This study evaluated the incidence of dementia in patients with SCI. Study participants were recruited from a nationwide cohort during 2004-2007 and categorized into SCI (patients diagnosed with SCI; n = 941) and non-SCI (age- and sex-matched controls; n = 5060) cohorts. Each participant was followed for 7 years until diagnosis of dementia or December 31, 2010, whichever occurred first. Data were subjected to Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. The incidence of dementia was significantly higher in the SCI cohort (1106 per 100,000 person-years) than in the non-SCI cohort (p < 0.001). Patients with SCI had a significantly higher risk of dementia than did those without SCI (crude hazard ratio [HR] = 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57-2.92, p < 0.001 vs. adjusted HR = 1.95, 95% CI, 1.43-2.67, p < 0.001). Further analysis found that there is no statistical significance of higher risk for developing Alzheimer's disease among SCI patients, but that SCI patients were at higher risk of developing other types of dementia than the control cohort (crude HR = 1.88, 95% CI, 1.33-2.63, p < 0.001 vs. adjusted HR = 1.90, 95% CI, 1.35-2.68, p < 0.001). In conclusion, patients with SCI are at high risk of dementia, and effective dementia prevention strategies are recommended for comprehensive SCI care.
journal_name
J Neurotraumajournal_title
Journal of neurotraumaauthors
Huang SW,Wang WT,Chou LC,Liou TH,Lin HWdoi
10.1089/neu.2016.4525subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-02-01 00:00:00pages
615-622issue
3eissn
0897-7151issn
1557-9042journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States, with children who sustain a TBI having a greater risk of developing long-lasting cognitive, behavioral, and motor function deficits. This has led to increased interest in utilizing large animal models to study pathophysiologi...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6405
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes damage to the hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis, leading to endocrine dysregulation in up to 40% of TBI patients. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify non-invasive biomarkers for TBI-associated hypothalamo-hypophyseal pathology. Sushi repeat-containing protein X-linked 2 (SRPX2) is...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6739
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that location and direction of injury may affect outcome in experimental models of traumatic brain injury. Significant variability in outcome data has also been noted in studies using the lateral fluid percussion brain injury model (FPI) in rats. In recent studies from our laboratory, we ob...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771501316919201
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of ethanol intoxication on brain injury and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were investigated in a porcine fluid-percussion model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Immature swine, under halothane anesthesia (1%), had a TBI delivered with a fluid-percussion device. The experimental group (n = 10) received ethanol ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1993.10.275
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are no established biomarkers for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), in part because post-concussive symptoms (PCS) are subjective and conventional imaging is typically unremarkable. To test whether diffuse axonal abnormalities quantified with three-dimensional (3D) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imagi...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2012.2696
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior studies have shown that neurons within the spinal cord are sensitive to response-outcome relations, a form of instrumental learning. Spinally transected rats that receive shock to one hind leg learn to maintain the leg in a flexed position that minimizes net shock exposure (controllable shock). Prior exposure to...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2004.21.1795
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study evaluated the effects of two novel N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor blockers and ifenprodil derivatives, CP-101,606 and CP-101,581, and their racemic mixture CP-98,113, on spatial memory and regional cerebral edema following experimental fluid-percussion (FP) brain injury in the rat (n = 66). Fif...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1997.14.211
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of studies do not support the use of the prophylactic anticonvulsants studied thus far for the prevention of late PTS. Routine seizure prophylaxis later than 1 week following head injury is, therefore, not recommended. If late PTS occur, patients should be managed in accordance with standard approaches to...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.2000.17.549
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have demonstrated that measures of altered metabolism and axonal injury can be detected following traumatic brain injury. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the distributions of altered image parameters obtained by thes...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3505
更新日期:2015-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been identified as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, how such neural damage contributes to AD pathology remains unclear; specifically, the relationship between the timing of a TBI relative to aging and the onset of AD pathology is not known. In this study, we have ex...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5982
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Researchers studying the impact of treatments designed to facilitate recovery after neural injury face competing demands. On the one hand, because treatment effects often emerge slowly over days, and because researchers seek evidence of stable long-term effects, it is common practice to observe experimental subjects f...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771504772695995
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is impaired by hyperglycemia, hypotension, and glutamate, and improved by insulin. Insulin reduces glutamate concentration, making it uncertain whether its beneficial effect accrues from euglycemia. Glucagon decreases CNS glutamate, lessens neuronal cell injury, and improves neu...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1659
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a principal cause of long-term physical, cognitive, behavioral, and social deficits in young adults, which frequently coexist with a high incidence of substance abuse disorders. However, few studies have examined the long-term effects of TBI on the neuroendocrine-immune system. TBI was ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.23.1802
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whiplash injury, commonly encountered in road traffic accidents, is a major cause of morbidity. Its pathophysiology is not well understood, and diagnosis remains clinical. Imaging and electrophysiological methods have not provided objective diagnostic evidence. Availability of a sensitive and specific diagnostic metho...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.0222
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in significant functional disturbances in the hippocampus. Studies support that sodium cromoglycate (CG) induces neuroprotective effects. This study focused on investigating the effects of post-TBI subchronic administration of CG on hippocampal hyperexcitability and damage a...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6975
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in humans and in animals leads to an acute and sustained increase in tissue glutamate concentrations within the brain, triggering glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) are responsible for maintaining extracellular central nervous system glutamate con...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4079
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not only dependent on the nature and severity of injury and subsequent treatment, but also on constituent characteristics of injured individuals. We aimed to describe and quantify the relationship between demographic characteristics and six month outcome assessed by th...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.0028
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activation of oxidative damage, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in secondary pathomechanisms following spinal cord injury (SCI). These pathophysiological processes lead to cell death and are tightly regulated by nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (N...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1922
更新日期:2012-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Intraspinal injections of lysolecithin were used to produce unilateral demyelination in the dorsal columns of the rat spinal cord. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of demyelination on the conductive properties of axons belonging to a spinal pathway of known origin and site of termination. At 5 and...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1992.9.231
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability and impairs health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Psychiatric disorders have been recognized as major components of TBI morbidity, yet few studies have addressed the relationship between these outcomes. Sample size, selection bias, and retrospecti...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.2089
更新日期:2012-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause permanent disabilities that seriously reduce quality of life. We evaluated the effects of chronic hyperglycemia before SCI on inflammatory markers and functional recovery after SCI in human patients and a rat model. In the human study, multivariate logistical regression ana...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6724
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The optimum spinal cord perfusion pressure (SCPP) after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is unknown. Here, we describe techniques to compute and display the optimum SCPP in real time. We recruited adults within 72 h of severe TSCI (American Spinal Injuries Association [ASIA] grades A-C). A pressure probe and a micr...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.4982
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Older adults tend to have poorer outcomes compared to younger adults following moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Currently, there is a need for research focusing on how elderly TBI has changed as the U.S. population shifts. This study provides a statewide account of moderate-to-severe TBI in regard to i...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.2197
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD) or lidocaine treatment before experimental fluid-percussion brain injury in rats reduces the cortical hypoperfusion normally found in the early posttraumatic period. The purpose of the current study was to ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1996.13.325
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain develops in 40-70% of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients and markedly compromises quality of life. We examined plasma from SCI patients for autoantibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP2) and evaluated their relationship to the development of n...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5675
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite an improved understanding of traumatic head and neck injury mechanisms, the impact tests required by major motorcycle helmet standards have remained unchanged for decades. Development of new test methods must reflect the specific impact loads causing injury in real crashes as well as test criteria appropriate ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4208
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral assessment after spinal cord contusion has long focused on open field locomotion using modifications of a rating scale developed by Tarlov and Klinger (1954). However, on-going modifications by several groups have made interlaboratory comparison of locomotor outcome measures difficult. The purpose of the pr...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1995.12.1
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus 31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) was used to study noninvasively the intracellular free Mg2+ concentration and cellular bioenergetic state of rat brain in vivo before and after fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury of graded severity. Brain injury was induced at four levels: low (1.0 +...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1988.5.315
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outcomes can be challenging to predict in children with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound has become an increasingly useful modality in adult and pediatric TBI by measuring blood flow velocities within the circle of Willis. In children with moderate-to-severe TBI, multiple studie...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5577
更新日期:2018-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), occurring in 10-25% of patients with moderate to severe injuries. The development of animal models for testing antiepileptogenic therapies and validation of biomarkers to follow epileptogenesis in humans necessitates sophisticated understa...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2013.3221
更新日期:2014-08-15 00:00:00