Abstract:
:Reciprocal transplant experiments have been used to estimate the probability that negative frequency-dependent selection by natural enemies has occurred in host populations by determining whether pest populations are less adapted to "foreign" (rare) hosts, which originate from a population with which the pests have not coevolved. However, these experiments usually confound the effects of frequency and origin: the rare genotypes are also genotypes that did not originate at a site. When clonal organisms are used, and the clones occur in more than one population, it is possible to separate the effects of origin and frequency. Here I present the results of an experiment in which Arabis clones of known frequency were reciprocally transplanted among sites. Contrary to expectations, clones at their site of origin had less disease, less herbivory, and higher fitness than foreign clones. However, variation within and among sites in herbivory and infection was large, suggesting that the number of sites and clones needed to thoroughly test the hypothesis of negative frequency-dependent selection in this system is very large: thus, these results are suggestive but not conclusive.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Roy BAdoi
10.1007/s004420050493subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-01 00:00:00pages
73-83issue
1-2eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/s004420050493journal_volume
115pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Small changes in environmental conditions can unexpectedly tip an ecosystem from one community type to another, and these often irreversible shifts have been observed in semi-arid grasslands, freshwater lakes and ponds, coral reefs, and kelp forests. A commonly accepted explanation is that these ecosystems contain mul...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1350-9
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Every summer the deepest parts of the inner Flensburg fjord are subject to O2-deficiency lasting from a few weeks to several months. In spring, however, populations of Metridium senile can be found in these areas, in spite of the fact that frequently the local anoxic period of the previous summer has been 2-3 times lo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00384295
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transplants of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were grown isolated from each other and in pairs placed at different distances apart. The paired plants developed asymmetrically and at the interface between paired clones both the density of nodes and of stolons appeared to reach ceiling values that were of the same o...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377157
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The CO2 assimilation of primary foliage of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and red oak (Quercus rubra L.), and of regrowth foliage produced in response to simulated insect defoliation, was measured throughout the season by infrared gas analysis: parallel measurements of leaf conductance were obtained by ventilated diffusio...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379555
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most fish species are regularly subjected to periods of starvation during which a reduction of energy turnover might be favourable for the animal. This reduction of energy flux may be achieved by changes in thermal behaviour and/or swimming activity. We investigated such behavioural changes during starvation and subse...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-001-0830-3
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to understand differences in tree response to meteorological drought among species and soil types at two ecotone forests in northern Arizona, the pinyon-juniper woodland/ponderosa pine ecotone, and the higher elevation, wetter, ponderosa pine/mixed conifer ecotone. We used two approaches that provide differe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1585-4
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reproduction is a demanding activity for animals, since they must produce, and in some cases protect and provision, their young. It is often overlooked that demands of reproduction may also be exacerbated by exposure to contaminants. In this study, we make use of an exceptional long-term dataset to perform a cross-sec...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-2975-x
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatiotemporal variation in the interactions among plants and animals is widespread; yet our conceptual and empirical understanding of this variation is limited to a few types of visitors, mainly herbivores, pollinators, seed predators, and seed dispersers. Despite the ubiquity of nectar robbing and the strength of it...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1060-z
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments are described which demonstrate that the seeds of the desert species Blepharis persica are capable of germinating within 50 min of being exposed to moisture. Their radicles reach a length of about 49 mm within the first 24 h from wetting. The seeds can germinate in light and dark at temperatures ranging fr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00347986
更新日期:1972-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic introgression has been suggested as a management tool for mitigating detrimental effects of inbreeding depression, but the role of introgression in species conservation has been controversial, partly because population-level impacts of genetic introgressions are not well understood. Concerns about potential in...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-011-2083-0
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural occurrence of dogwood anthracnose (Discula destructiva) on young dogwood seedlings planted in different microenvironments in the southern Appalachian Mountains provided an opportunity to examine the effects of biotic stress on phenolic defense and insect herbivory. Dogwood trees planted in forest understor...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00318037
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mortality and physiological status (body water content) of Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda) and Gammarus pulex (Amphipoda) were measured after 25 days exposure in 20 natural streams with a pH range of 4.3-7.5 and a colour range of 8-280 mg Pt L-1. In addition, the effects of keeping the animals as single species or tog...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317482
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of bannertail kangaroo rat (Dipodomys spectabilis) mounds and associated soil-surface disturbance on plant species composition and diversity in the Chihuahuan Desert were examined with multivariate analysis. Kangaroo rat mounds created disturbance gaps and contributed to local species diversity by creating...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328605
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herbivores are thought to achieve adequate nutrition by consuming numerous species of plants or by occasionally consuming animal tissue. Although active selection of diverse foods is common in nature, the relationship between diet mixing and consumer fitness is poorly understood, especially in marine environments. We ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420051012
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some factors influencing the species richness of West African fish communities were studied in a sample of 26 rivers using four habitat and hydrologic variables. Analysis of a larger sample of 39 rivers showed that species richness was positively related to area. A power function with an exponent of 0.32 gave the best...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00388483
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interspecific relationships such as mutualism and parasitism are major drivers of biodiversity. Because such interactions often comprise more than two species, ecological studies increasingly focus on complex multispecies systems. However, the spatial heterogeneity of multi-species interactions is often poorly underst...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2615-x
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blue oak (Quercus douglasii) is a deciduous tree species endemic to California that currently exhibits poor seedling survival to sapling age classes. We used common garden techniques to examine how genetic variation at regional and local scales affected phenotypic expression in traits affecting oak seedling growth and...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00320511
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sabal palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. ex Schultes (cabbage palm) is an arborescent palm common in many plant communities throughout Florida, U.S.A., and the Caribbean. Although its seedlings grow very slowly in forest understories, they survive damage and defoliation well, and the species may increase in dominance following di...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050681
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) and grey partridges (Perdix perdix) were maintained together on land known to be contaminated with eggs of the caecal nematode Heterakis gallinarum to examine the hypothesis that this shared parasite has a greater impact on grey partridges than on pheasants. Since an inverse relationshi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050798
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We reared larvae of three generalist insect species on plants occurring in their habitats. Individuals of each species were kept either on mixed diets, or on each plant species separately. We measured food plant preference in the mixed-diet group and compared insect performance on single plants to the performance on t...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050815
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population ecology of Pardia tripunctana and Notocelia roborana, a bud- and a leaf-feeding tortricid respectively, on Rosa spp. was studied.Mortality factors of the egg and larval stages are low and density-independent.Pupal mortality in the soil is a regulatory mechanism: it compensates for density fluctuations, ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378920
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We modeled the dynamics of a metapopulation of the land snail Arianta arbustorum in north-eastern Switzerland to investigate the effect of population subdivision on the persistence of a land snail metapopulation and to analyze the interaction between spatial factors, population subdivision, and catastrophes. We develo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00330010
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stable isotope analyses are often used to calculate relative contributions of multiple food sources in an animal's diet. One prerequisite for a precise calculation is the determination of the diet-tissue fractionation factor. Isotopic ratios in animals are not only affected by the composition of the diet, but also by ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1429-7
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bromus tectorum L. dominates sites of large-scale disturbance, while Poa pratensis L. dominates the sites of small-scale disturbance in the Festuca/Symphoricarpos habitat type in eastern Washington (USA). The role of incident irradiation in influencing these distributions was examined using field and glasshouse experi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377187
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many ecologically generalized populations are composed of relatively specialized individuals that selectively consume a subset of their population's diet, a phenomenon known as 'individual specialization'. The Niche Variation Hypothesis posits that this individual specialization can arise during ecological release if ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3200-7
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is no correlation between protein-precipitating capacity and either total phenolic or proanthocyanidin content of extracts of mature foliage from six species of oaks: Quercus alba (white oak), Q. bicolor (swamp white oak), Q. macrocarpa (bur oak), Q. palustris (pin oak), Q. rubra (red oak), and Q. velutina (blac...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378394
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kinetic properties of NAD malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) were analyzed in two genotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana collected in two sites of contrasting climates. Plants from each genotype were acclimated under controlled conditions at four different thermoperiods: 5-10° C, 7-15°...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379515
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extent, frequency and causes of pollenlimited seed production were examined in partially selffertile populations of Blandfordia grandiflora for 2 years. Percentage seed set of open-pollinated plants (50-57%) did not differ within or between years, and was about 19% less than experimentally cross-pollinated plants ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328430
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ungulates are important to the diet of bears because they are high in protein, and the level of dietary protein strongly influences bear size. The size a bear obtains as an adult influences important life history characteristics, such as age of reproduction and reproductive success; therefore, it is important to know ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-019-04385-1
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leaf diffusion resistance (r 1) of the upper and lower leaf surfaces of several Populus clones was related to leaf water potential (ψ1), light intensity, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and temperature by intrinsicallylinear, logarithmic multiple regression analyses. Regression equations accounted for up to 80% of varia...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345333
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00