Abstract：
:Tyrosinase is known as the key enzyme for melanin biosynthesis, which is effective in preventing skin injury by ultra violet (UV). In past decades, tyrosinase has been well studied in the field of cosmetics, medicine, agriculture and environmental sciences, and a lot of tyrosinase inhibitors have been developed for their needs. Here, we searched for new types of tyrosinase inhibitors and found phenylbenzoic acid (PBA) as a unique scaffold. Among three isomers of PBA, 3-phenylbenzoic acid (3-PBA) was revealed to be the most potent inhibitor against mushroom tyrosinase (IC50=6.97μM, monophenolase activity; IC50=36.3μM, diphenolase activity). The kinetic studies suggested that the apparent inhibition modes for the monophenolase and diphenolase activities were noncompetitive and mixed type inhibition, respectively. Analyses by in silico docking studies using the crystallographic structure of mushroom tyrosinase indicated that the carboxylic acid group of the 3-PBA could adequately bind to two cupric ions in the tyrosinase. To prove this hypothesis, we examined the effect of modification of the carboxylic acid group of the 3-PBA on its inhibitory activity. As expected, the esterification abrogated the inhibitory activity. These observations suggest that 3-PBA is a useful lead compound for the generation of novel tyrosinase inhibitors and provides a new insight into the molecular basis of tyrosinase catalytic mechanisms.
journal_name
Bioorg Med Chemjournal_title
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistryauthors
Oyama T,Takahashi S,Yoshimori A,Yamamoto T,Sato A,Kamiya T,Abe H,Abe T,Tanuma SIdoi
10.1016/j.bmc.2016.07.060subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-09-15 00:00:00pages
4509-4515issue
18eissn
0968-0896issn
1464-3391pii
S0968-0896(16)30583-1journal_volume
24pub_type
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