Abstract：
:The objective of this paper is to estimate the impact of county-level public transit usage on obesity prevalence in the United States and assess the potential for public transit usage as an intervention for obesity. This study adopts an instrumental regression approach to implicitly control for potential selection bias due to possible differences in commuting preferences among obese and non-obese populations. United States health data from the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and transportation data from the 2009 National Household Travel Survey are aggregated and matched at the county level. County-level public transit accessibility and vehicle ownership rates are chosen as instrumental variables to implicitly control for unobservable commuting preferences. The results of this instrumental regression analysis suggest that a one percent increase in county population usage of public transit is associated with a 0.221 percent decrease in county population obesity prevalence at the α=0.01 statistical significance level, when commuting preferences, amount of non-travel physical activity, education level, health resource, and distribution of income are fixed. Hence, this study provides empirical support for the effectiveness of encouraging public transit usage as an intervention strategy for obesity.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
She Z,King DM,Jacobson SHdoi
10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-06-01 00:00:00pages
264-268eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(17)30109-3journal_volume
99pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Inadequate opportunities for physical activity at school and overall low levels of activity contribute to the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in American-Indian children. METHODS:A school-based physical activity intervention was implemented which emphasized increasing the frequency and quality of ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.08.005
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The effects and constancy of a worksite physical exercise intervention were examined in relation to the physical fitness, perceived health status, and work ability of female service workers during periods of 1 and 5 years. METHODS:The subjects comprised female home care workers divided into an intervention g...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2001.0837
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Use of five early disease detection tests was examined in relation to history of specific chronic disease and other health habits, as part of a cohort study including 11,888 residents of a retirement community in Southern California. Self-reported utilization rates by residents in the year preceding study entry were a...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(87)90053-3
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of eight adverse lifestyle risk factors which are linked to increased morbidity and mortality was determined. Smoking, excess alcohol use, obesity, lack of exercise, lack of seatbelt use, use of hazardous transportation vehicles, and inadequate rest were studied. A random sample of 147 patients from a p...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(90)90051-k
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Life-space mobility - the spatial extent of mobility in daily life - is associated with quality of life and physical functioning but may also be influenced by future orientation expressed in personal goals. The aim of this study was to explore how different personal goals predict changes in older people's lif...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.08.015
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Commuters leaving a station often choose the stair as a quicker exit than the escalator. This paper models the effects of speed leaving the station and stair width on choice of the stairs or escalator. METHODS:Aggregated data from previous studies (n=82,347) revealed a plateau at about 45% stair use as the ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.12.008
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the combined effects and relative importance of socio-cultural factors as well as parents' subjectively perceived and objectively assessed environment on time children spent vigorously playing outdoors. METHODS:Cross-sectional study conducted in Berne, Biel-Bienne, and Payerne (Switzerland) duri...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.03.008
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite obesity being a major concern for both children and adults in the United States today, there are few successful childhood interventions that curb obesity later in life. The objective of the current study is to identify childhood predictors of adult obesity at multiple levels in a large longitudinal sample of p...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.105993
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnant women are vaccinated against influenza less frequently than other high-risk groups. To design effective vaccination strategies, we must understand how decisions regarding vaccination may vary by trimester and over vaccination campaigns. We used a Cox model indexed by calendar time to estimate the effect of ge...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.02.010
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To estimate the prevalence of physical activity (PA) and associated variables in the Moroccan adult population. METHODS:Population-based, May 2008 survey of a representative sample of Moroccan adults. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS:Mean age was 41.4 yea...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.03.009
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary HPV screening for cervical cancer by HPV mRNA testing (Aptima) was implemented in January 2017, for women ≥30 through 70 years, in the Region of Skåne, Sweden. HPV positive samples underwent cytology assessment, and women with any degree of abnormal cytology were referred for colposcopy. The aim was to audit t...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.04.021
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine physicians' beliefs about the pelvic examination and identify physician characteristics associated with routine use of this procedure in the United States. METHODS:A total of 1250 United States family/general practitioners, internists, and obstetrician/gynecologists who participated in the 2009 Do...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.03.012
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objectives were to assess the cumulative effects of exposure to multiple antitobacco advertisements shown over a 22-month period on smoking uptake, and determine if there is evidence of a dose effect and how this effect operates through response to the campaign's major message theme and antitobacco attitu...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2002.1100
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To report on the contribution walking makes to total weekly physical activity and the relationship between the volume and intensity of walking and leanness in a representative sample of the Northern Ireland population. METHOD:4563 adults participated in this cross-sectional survey of physical activity behavi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.12.008
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The agenda for behavioral and social science research in cancer prevention and control needs to be assessed and interpreted within the context of a changing health care system. These changes present potential opportunities and barriers to an evolving research agenda. Opportunities include access to defined populations...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/pmed.1997.0207
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In a population-based sample of smokers in early motivational stages, we found a high acceptance of smoking cessation groups. METHODS:Inter99 is a randomized population-based intervention study, in Copenhagen, Denmark. Smokers in all motivational stages were included. All participants underwent a lifestyle ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.06.011
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report evaluates the effectiveness of various measures to control the size of illicit cigarette trade in Kenya. It is based on a literature review, a review of conference proceedings/materials, online searches, and analyses of data from the National Statistical Office of Kenya, ERC, and Euromonitor. I used both p...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.025
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the disease consequences of cigarette smoking are well documented, smoking may also be associated with increased risk of injury. Our purpose is to provide an overview of this potential association. METHODS:We conducted a literature review. RESULTS:Cigarettes are the leading cause of death from fir...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/pmed.1994.1070
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One explanation for the increasing smoking-related health inequalities is the limited access of lower socioeconomic status (SES) smokers to smoking cessation support. In order to understand this limited access - and to eventually improve accessibility - we provide a structured overview of the barriers that lower SES s...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.03.029
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Numerous studies have observed higher rates of smoking among adults with mental health conditions. We examined posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and smoking over a 7-9year period among adults with firsthand exposure to the 9/11 attacks enrolled in the World Trade Center Health Registry. METHOD:Data were c...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.01.023
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the literature on increased physical fitness and psychological outcomes has grown large, a number of methodological limitations remain unaddressed. The present study was designed to address a number of these limitations while examining the short- and long-term psychological effects following complet...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1998.0385
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to identify patterns of mammogram and Papanicolaou (Pap) screenings among Mexican American women ages 67 and over. METHODS:Data on 1,403 Mexican American women from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly, a cohort study of community-dwellin...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2001.0880
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This article describes the results of studies on the barriers and benefits of cervical cancer screening from the perspective of women, men, and health providers in five Latin American countries and compares them to other findings from the literature. METHODS:Five separate qualitative studies (focus groups a...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.03.040
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaria continues to be among the top causes of death in children and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are considered among the most effective malaria control methods. However, information on the association between universal ITN coverage and infant mortality is limited. A Cox proportional hazard model was applied to M...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105790
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To describe the prevalence of mammography use, and to estimate its association with sociodemographics. METHODS:A sample of 6207 women aged 60 and older from the first interview of Health, Well-Being and Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean Study (SABE) in seven cities (Buenos Aires, Bridgetown, Havana, ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.02.005
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The relationship between smoking regulations at the workplace and smoking habits was assessed among public-sector employees in southern Germany. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 931 employees who were working under three different, long-existing types of smoking regulations: (a) no restri...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1994.1031
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We conducted a systematic review to investigate the cross-sectional and prospective associations of accelerometer-measured total sedentary time and breaks in sedentary time with individual cardiometabolic biomarkers in adults ≥18years of age. METHODS:Ovid Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Libr...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.013
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to determine the validity of tobacco questionnaires when using as gold standard either a single biomarker or a combination of two biomarkers. METHODS:The methods were self-reported smoking compared with salivary thiocyanate and expired carbon monoxide in a 1996, population-bas...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2000.0779
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Adequate care for patients with cardiovascular risks requires an adequate practice organization. Educational outreach visits are a promising approach to modifying professional behavior. We aimed to assess whether the quality of cardiovascular preventive care in general practice can be improved through a comp...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1006/pmed.2002.1095
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Obesity was not identified as a risk factor for influenza until the recent 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Based on a cohort of 66,820 subjects aged 65 years and over with the follow-up period from July 1998 to December 2010 in Hong Kong, we assessed the modifying effect of obesity on mortality risks specifically attribu...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.11.017
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
