Abstract：
INTRODUCTION:Although pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) greatly reduces risk of HIV infection in HIV-negative individuals, use is not widespread enough to impact HIV incidence. Involvement of primary care physicians (PCPs) in PrEP prescription is essential, but previous research has shown low rates of prescription among PCPs. To identify targets for interventions, the information-motivation-behavioral skills model for PrEP discussion and prescription was tested in a ten-city sample of PCPs. METHODS:PCPs from ZIP codes with high HIV incidence in ten U.S. cities (N=280, 52% male, 56% white) completed a survey online between July 2014 and May 2015. Information items assessed knowledge, motivation items evaluated attitudes, and behavioral skills items measured comfort with behaviors involved in prescribing PrEP. Providers indicated whether they had discussed PrEP with or prescribed PrEP to patients. Data were analyzed in 2015 and 2016. RESULTS:One third of PCPs had discussed and 17% had prescribed PrEP. A structural equation model with good fit supported the information-motivation-behavioral skills model. Information and motivation predicted behavioral skills (b=0.35, 95% CI=0.13, 0.57; and b=0.31, 95% CI=0.14, 0.47, respectively). Behavioral skills predicted prescription (b=0.27, 95% CI=0.12, 0.42). Furthermore, behavioral skills mediated effects of information and motivation on prescription (b=0.10, 95% CI=0.03, 0.19; and b=0.08, 95% CI=0.03, 0.16, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:The information-motivation-behavioral skills model can be applied to PCPs' PrEP discussion and prescription. Its constructs represent potential targets for PCP-directed interventions to increase PrEP use in high-risk populations.
journal_name
Am J Prev Medjournal_title
American journal of preventive medicineauthors
Walsh JL,Petroll AEdoi
10.1016/j.amepre.2017.01.025subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-06-01 00:00:00pages
e165-e172issue
6eissn
0749-3797issn
1873-2607pii
S0749-3797(17)30064-8journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Smokers may react to cigarette excise tax increases by engaging in price-minimization strategies (i.e., finding ways to reduce the cost of cigarette smoking) rather than by quitting or reducing their cigarette use, thereby reducing the public health benefits of such tax increases. PURPOSE:To evaluate the st...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2013.01.019
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Firearm violence injures or kills 100,000 Americans each year. This paper applies the Host-Agent-Vector-Environment model to this issue. Research on firearm violence tends to focus on two elements-the host (i.e., victims of firearm violence) and the environment (i.e., gun policies)-but little attention has...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2017.05.002
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although religiosity has often been shown to have a deterrent effect on teen drug use, noteworthy theoretic gaps and contradictory findings have left important questions unanswered. METHODS:Conceptualizing religion as a measure of social capital and using cross-sectional data from Monitoring the Future (199...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2007.03.001
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We surveyed a self-selected sample of dairy farm owners/residents to determine the feasibility of establishing a surveillance system that would identify health risks common to this type of farming activity. Data obtained included demographic characteristics of the farm families, number of milk cows, prevalence of sele...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Various built environment factors might influence certain health behaviors and outcomes. Reliable, resource-efficient methods that are feasible for assessing built environment characteristics across large geographies are needed for larger, more robust studies. This paper reports the item response prevalenc...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2019.08.032
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The rapid increase in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) smoking among U.S. youth requires data regarding the age pattern of initiation risk for effective tobacco use prevention. METHODS:Data from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey (N=20,680, aged 11-19 years, 50.6% male) were analyzed using survival ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2017.02.011
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Weight-related problems, including obesity, eating disorders, and disordered eating, are major public health problems in adolescents. The identification of shared risk and protective factors for these problems can guide the development of relevant interventions to a broad spectrum of weight-related problems....
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.031
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Injury surveillance is the first and most critical step of the injury prevention process. Without it, successful injury prevention could not be sustained. The purpose of this paper is to describe advances in military medical surveillance, compare the incidence of injuries with other illnesses, define the s...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2009.10.014
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Public health advocates have increasingly highlighted the importance of implementing comprehensive physical activity interventions that use an ecologic framework. Such a framework can broadly address physical activity barriers, such as the lack of opportunities, social support, policies, built environments, and commun...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.027
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Most Americans spend half their waking hours at work and consume food acquired there. The hypothesis was that the healthfulness of worksite food purchases was associated with employees' overall diet and health. METHODS:Participants were 602 hospital employees who regularly used worksite cafeterias and enr...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2019.02.020
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In 2019, the National Youth Sports Strategy was released and called for regular analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of U.S. youth sports surveillance data. The purpose of this study is to provide the recent national estimates of U.S. youth aged 6-17 years who participate in sports and examine the d...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2020.05.011
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Data indicating the extent to which evidence-based decision making (EBDM) is used in local health departments (LHDs) are limited. PURPOSE:This study aims to determine use of decision-making processes by New York State LHD leaders and upper-level staff and identify facilitators and barriers to the use of EBD...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2013.08.004
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:USA Football has made the Heads Up Football (HUF) concussion education program available for coaches of youth football players. Existing evidence about the effectiveness of the HUF coach education program is equivocal. For HUF and other programs, there is growing concern that even effective interventions c...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2016.12.021
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Addressing veteran homelessness is a major federal priority, but there has been little research on the period between military discharge and homelessness. There are public concerns about new waves of homelessness among recent veterans and questions about a possible sleeper effect, that is, a delayed risk t...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2020.03.001
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A systematic review of the literature to assess the effectiveness of ignition interlocks for reducing alcohol-impaired driving and alcohol-related crashes was conducted for the Guide to Community Preventive Services (Community Guide). Because one of the primary research issues of interest--the degree to which the inst...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2010.11.012
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Both medication and surgical interventions can be used to treat obesity, yet their use and effectiveness in routine clinical practice are not clear. This study sought to characterize the prevalence and management of patients with obesity within a large U.S. academic medical center. METHODS:All patients ag...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2020.01.018
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTENT:Six policy tools for building health education and preventive counseling into managed care are presented, and the opportunities and barriers to implementing each are described based largely on managed care plans operating in California in 1998. The six policy tools include (1) covering health education and prev...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00087-2
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A questionnaire was sent in 1988 to all sites conducting mammographic studies registered with the radiologic licensing division of the West Virginia State Department of Health Laboratory Services to determine the number of women served and the costs of the procedures. The number of sites, 61, appears excessive in view...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Active Living by Design (ALbD) National Program Office (NPO) developed an evaluation system to track progress of 25 community partnerships, funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF). Between June 2004 and October 2008, partnerships documented their actions and accomplishments through ALbD's online Progre...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2012.07.008
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Few prospective cohort studies have examined the association between physical activity (PA) and insomnia prevention, and the effective PA intensity remains unclear. This prospective study explores how PA intensity prevents incident short sleep duration and subjective insufficient sleep in middle-aged and o...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2014.12.006
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Self-consciousness has been an important trait in personality research. It seems logical to investigate whether health consciousness, involving a similar self-focusing, might operate in a parallel manner. To this end, I developed the Health Consciousness Scale (HCS), primarily by modifying items of the Self-Consciousn...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The U.S. Surgeon General has concluded that aerosol from electronic vapor products, such as e-cigarettes, can contain harmful and potentially harmful constituents. This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of U.S. adult attitudes toward electronic vapor product use in indoor public places. METHO...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2018.08.022
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Previously published reports strongly suggest that being overweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, gallstones, and osteoarthritis in women. Substantial health care and medication costs are associated with these chronic health conditions. We used an incidence-...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Government-issued agricultural subsidies are worsening obesity trends in America. Current agricultural policy remains largely uninformed by public health discourse. Although findings suggest that eliminating all subsidies would have a mild impact on the prevalence of obesity, a revision of commodity programs could hav...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2013.04.010
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Local public health departments traditionally have been supported as providers of preventive care and, in some jurisdictions, as guarantors of other essential services to vulnerable populations that usual providers do not reach. In the 1980s, the responsibility for allocating federal grants for public health shifted t...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Injuries inflict the largest health impact on military populations in terms of hospitalization. Hospitalized injuries result in the largest direct costs of medical care and the most lost workdays, include the largest proportion of disabling injuries, and have the largest impact on troop readiness. Efforts ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00171-3
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In Germany, a mammography-screening program (MSP) was implemented on a national level. It complies with all criteria of the European guidelines for quality assurance in screening mammography; however, the attendance rate is 54%, falling short of the target attendance rate of 70%. The aim of this study was to...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2011.06.040
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal condition in women of reproductive age, which has been associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among commercial sex workers and women attending sexually transmitted infection clinics. Pathogen-specific associations between BV and other se...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.016
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Reported family medical history may be the most widely accessible genomics screen currently available. The worth of any population-screening tool may be measured by parameters such as sensitivity and specificity. There is some evidence and theory suggesting that family history of breast cancer may be more fr...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2006.05.002
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With low rates of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease as recently as 40 years ago, the rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in American Indians and Alaska Natives were exceedingly low. Despite recent large-scale efforts to eliminate health disparities in ethnic and minority populations, the impact among Ameri...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2005.07.023
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
