Identification of anti-viral activity of the cardenolides, Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitors, against porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus.

abstract：:Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in the world. Andrographolide is a natural product that displays evident anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of the present study was to explore the antidepressant potential of andrographolide in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressiv...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Geng J,Liu J,Yuan X,Liu W,Guo W

更新日期：2019-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The present investigation was undertaken to study if curcumin, which is recognized for its potential as an antineoplastic and immunopotentiating agent, can also influence the process of myelopoiesis in a tumor-bearing host. Administration of curcumin to tumor-bearing host augmented count of bone marrow cell (BMC) acco...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Vishvakarma NK,Kumar A,Kumar A,Kant S,Bharti AC,Singh SM

更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a polyaromatic hydrocarbon produced by the combustion of cigarettes and coke ovens, is a known procarcinogen. BaP activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and induces the expression of a battery of genes, including CYP1A1, which metabolize BaP to toxic compounds. The possible role of CYP1 en...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Endo K,Uno S,Seki T,Ariga T,Kusumi Y,Mitsumata M,Yamada S,Makishima M

更新日期：2008-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:KYKZL-1, a newly synthesized compound with COX/5-LOX dual inhibition, was subjected to the anti-inflammatory activity test focusing on its modulation of inflammatory mediators as well as intracellular MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. In acute ear edema model, pretreatment with KYKZL-1 (p.o.) dose-dependently inhibit...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Xu GL,Du YF,Cheng J,Huan L,Chen SC,Wei SH,Gong ZN,Cai J,Qiu T,Wu H,Sun T,Ao GZ

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolism of methylene chloride, or dichloromethane (DCM), plays a key role in determining the kinetics and carcinogenicity of the halocarbon. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate and optimize the vial equilibration technique, originally described by Sato and Nakajima (1979a), in order to characterize the h...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kim C,Manning RO,Brown RP,Bruckner JV

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) neurotoxin is a chemical inducer of Parkinson's disease (PD) whereas N-methylated beta-carbolines and isoquinolines are naturally occurring analogues of MPTP involved in PD. This research has studied the oxidation of MPTP by human CYP2D6 (CYP2D6*1 and CYP2D6*10 allel...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Herraiz T,Guillén H,Arán VJ,Idle JR,Gonzalez FJ

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patulin is a mycotoxin mainly found in apple and apple products. In addition to being toxic for animals, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic, patulin induces intestinal injuries, including epithelial cell degeneration, inflammation, ulceration, and hemorrhages. In a study of the cellular mechanisms associated with...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mahfoud R,Maresca M,Garmy N,Fantini J

更新日期：2002-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Tiotropium bromide (TB) is a long acting muscarinic receptor antagonist used to manage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent meta-analyses suggest an increased risk of cardiovascular events with TB. Ca2+/calmodulin dependent kinase II (CaMKII) and L-type Ca2+ channels regulate Ca2+...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Cassambai S,Mee CJ,Renshaw D,Hussain A

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of triclopyr (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyloxyacetic acid) were measured in the beagle dog and rhesus monkey and compared with the kinetics observed in rats and humans. In addition, studies were conducted in anesthetized dogs to better understand the mechanism by which [14C]triclopyr is eliminated i...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Timchalk C,Nolan RJ

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The restoration of plasma acetylcholinesterase activity in mice following inhibition by organophosphorus pesticides and nerve agents has been attributed to synthesis of new enzyme. It is generally assumed that activity levels return to normal, are stable and do not exceed the normal level. We have observed over the pa...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Duysen EG,Lockridge O

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepa 1c1c7 (WT), TAOc1BPrc1 (CI), and BPrc1 (CII) mouse hepatoma cells were exposed to benzo[e]pyrene (B[e]P) or benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). B[e]P induced activity of a rat CYP1A1 reporter gene construct (-3015 to +2545 bp) by 1.8- to 2-fold and 5-fold in WT and CI cells, respectively. B[e]P caused a 2-fold induction of a...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sterling K,Raha A,Bresnick E

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress can lead to expression of inflammatory transcription factors, which are important regulatory elements in the induction of inflammatory responses. One of the transcription factors, nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) plays a significant role in the inflammation regulatory process. Inflammatory...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lee JE,Park JH,Jang SJ,Koh HC

更新日期：2014-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is potentially an important source of cellular oxidative stress. Human HOCl exposure can occur from chlorine gas inhalation or from endogenous sources of HOCl, such as respiratory burst by phagocytes. Transcription factor Nrf2 is a key regulator of cellular redox status and serves as a primary...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Woods CG,Fu J,Xue P,Hou Y,Pluta LJ,Yang L,Zhang Q,Thomas RS,Andersen ME,Pi J

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cationic drugs are concentrated in acidic cell compartments due to low retro-diffusion of the protonated molecule (ion trapping), with an ensuing vacuolar and autophagic cytopathology. In solid tissues, there is evidence that phagocytic cells, e.g., histiocytes, preferentially concentrate cationic drugs. We hypot...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Roy C,Gagné V,Fernandes MJ,Marceau F

更新日期：2013-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Both low-molecular-mass thiols (LMM-SH) and protein thiols (P-SH) can modulate the biological activity of S-nitrosothiols (RSNO) via S-transnitrosation reactions. It has been difficult to evaluate the entity of this effect in blood circulation by in vitro assays with isolated aorta rings so far, because media rich in ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Giustarini D,Tsikas D,Rossi R

更新日期：2011-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of rodents to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) associated with particles has previously been shown to result in increased retention of BaP and metabolites in lungs. To determine if DNA damage might be enhanced, DNA adducts were measured in lungs of F344 rats following inhalation of pure BaP aerosols or BaP absorbed on ca...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wolff RK,Bond JA,Sun JD,Henderson RF,Harkema JR,Griffith WC,Mauderly JL,McClellan RO

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Information presented at this symposium indicates that modulation of Th cell responses is one means by which xenobiotics may cause immunotoxicity. A shift from Th1 to Th2 responses can enhance both infectious and allergic disease. Hence, in some cases, a common mechanism may be responsible for effects that are general...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Selgrade MK,Lawrence DA,Ullrich SE,Gilmour MI,Schuyler MR,Kimber I

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:3-Methylindole (3MI), a fermentation product of tryptophan produced by intestinal and ruminal microflora, has been shown to cause pneumotoxicity in several species subsequent to cytochrome P450-mediated biotransformation. Among several species studied, rabbits are comparatively resistant to 3MI-induced pneumotoxicity,...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Thornton-Manning JR,Nichols WK,Manning BW,Skiles GL,Yost GS

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The peripherally acting cholinesterase inhibitor pyridostigmine was widely used during the Gulf War as a pretreatment against possible chemical warfare attack. Following consistent reports on long-term illness among Gulf War veterans, pyridostigmine was examined for its possible long-term effects. These effects were s...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Grauer E,Alkalai D,Kapon J,Cohen G,Raveh L

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An experimental model of endotoxin-induced release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) into the serum of C57BL/6J mice congenic at the Ah locus was used to investigate the effects of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on TNF production. TCDD exposure of Ah-responsive mice (Ahbb) resulted in a dose-dependent i...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Clark GC,Taylor MJ,Tritscher AM,Lucier GW

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic is an environmental toxicant that reduces the lifespan of circulating erythrocytes during chronic exposure. Our previous studies had indicated involvement of hypercholesterolemia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in arsenic-induced apoptotic death of erythrocytes. In this study, we have shown an effective reco...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Biswas D,Sen G,Sarkar A,Biswas T

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship of exposure and tissue concentration of parent chemical and metabolites over prolonged exposure is a critical issue for chronic toxicities mediated by metabolite(s) rather than parent chemical alone. This is an issue for AsV because its trivalent metabolites have unique toxicities and relatively great...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kenyon EM,Hughes MF,Adair BM,Highfill JH,Crecelius EA,Clewell HJ,Yager JW

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of the industrially important compound triethylamine (TEA) and its metabolite triethylamine-N-oxide (TEAO) were studied in four volunteers after oral and intravenous administration. TEA was efficiently absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, rapidly distributed, and in part metabolized into...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Akesson B,Vinge E,Skerfving S

更新日期：1989-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A clinical study was performed to determine the effects of patch testing human skin with four industrially used surfactants on erythema formation, transepidermal water loss, and the contents in suction blister fluids of primary proinflammatory mediators including arachidonic acid, eicosanoids, and IL-1 alpha, which we...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Müller-Decker K,Heinzelmann T,Fürstenberger G,Kecskes A,Lehmann WD,Marks F

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effects of JBP485 (an anti-inflammatory dipeptide and a substrate of OAT) on regulation of the expression and function of renal Oat1 and Oat3, which can accelerate the excretion of accumulated uremic toxins (e.g. indoxyl sulfate) in the kidney to improve gentamicin-induced ARF in rats. JBP485 cause...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Guo X,Meng Q,Liu Q,Wang C,Sun H,Peng J,Ma X,Kaku T,Liu K

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin and extravasation injury caused by anthracyclines is reduced by the clinically approved bisdioxopiperazine drug dexrazoxane. Dexrazoxane is a rings-closed analog of EDTA and is hydrolyzed in vivo to a form that strongly binds iron. Its protective effects were originally thought...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Hasinoff BB,Patel D,Wu X

更新日期：2020-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Tattooing is a popular cosmetic practice involving more than 45 million US citizens. Since the toxicology of tattoo inks and pigments used to formulate tattoo inks has not been reported, we studied the immunological impact of tattooing and determined recovery time from this trauma. SKH-1 hairless mice were tattooed us...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gopee NV,Cui Y,Olson G,Warbritton AR,Miller BJ,Couch LH,Wamer WG,Howard PC

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. It has been previously shown that PMs and synthetic particles (PC10 and PC2) that have similar characteristics to PMs induced depolarizing currents and increases in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in capsaicin- and acid-...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Agopyan N,Bhatti T,Yu S,Simon SA

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigates the effects of nicotine treatment on exocrine pancreatic function. Adult male, Sprague-Dawley rats received nicotine via a time-release pellet, at a rate of 1.65 micrograms/min for 3 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, it was observed that although nicotine did not affect final...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Dubick MA,Palmer R,Lau PP,Morrill PR,Geokas MC

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The glutathione precursor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is currently being tested on Parkinson's patients for its neuroprotective properties. Our studies have shown that NAC can elicit protection in glutathione-independent manners in vitro. Thus, the goal of the present study was to establish an animal model of NAC-mediat...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Nouraei N,Zarger L,Weilnau JN,Han J,Mason DM,Leak RK

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00