Abstract:
:Messenger RNAs are decorated by a cap structure, which is essential for their translation into proteins. Many viruses have developed strategies in order to cap their mRNAs. The cap is either synthetized by a subset of viral or cellular enzymes, or stolen from capped cellular mRNAs by viral endonucleases ('cap-snatching'). Reverse genetic studies provide evidence that inhibition of viral enzymes belonging to the capping pathway leads to inhibition of virus replication. The replication defect results from reduced protein synthesis as well as from detection of incompletely capped RNAs by cellular innate immunity sensors. Thus, it is now admitted that capping enzymes are validated antiviral targets, as their inhibition will support an antiviral response in addition to the attenuation of viral mRNA translation. In this review, we describe the different viral enzymes involved in mRNA capping together with relevant inhibitors, and their biochemical features useful in inhibitor discovery.
journal_name
Curr Opin Viroljournal_title
Current opinion in virologyauthors
Decroly E,Canard Bdoi
10.1016/j.coviro.2017.04.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-06-01 00:00:00pages
87-96eissn
1879-6257issn
1879-6265pii
S1879-6257(17)30019-6journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are potential therapeutic molecules and valuable tools for studying conserved viral targets for vaccine and drug design. Interestingly, antibody responses to conserved epitopes can be highly convergent at the molecular level. Human antibodies targeting a number of viral antigens...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
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abstract::Model systems show that papillomavirus DNA can persist after lesion-regression, and be maintained in a subset of epithelial basal cells. These are very likely long-lived 'stem-cells' or 'stem-like cells', with latency arising via at least two distinct mechanisms. The first involves low-titre virus infection and the re...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.06.003
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journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.06.015
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journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2016.09.007
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abstract::The generation of humanized mouse models in which immune deficient mice are engrafted with human tissues allows for the direct in vivo investigation of human-restricted viruses. These humanized mouse models have been developed and improved over the past 30 years. It is now possible to achieve high levels of human cell...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.06.006
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noroviruses are rapidly evolving RNA viruses and are generally known as the main cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide. Particle stability is of special interest as transmission occurs via the faecal-oral route and virions are able to persist in the environment. Studies on norovirus capsid assembly and disassembly ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2018.05.003
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Appropriate choice of vaccine vector is crucial for effective vaccine development. Rhabdoviral vectors, such as rabies virus and vesicular stomatitis virus, have been used in a variety of vaccine strategies. These viruses have small, easily manipulated genomes that can stably express foreign glycoproteins due to a wel...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2020.09.003
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.04.001
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.08.010
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2014.02.002
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronaviruses are positive stranded RNA viruses that cause respiratory, enteric and central nervous system diseases in many species, including humans. Until recently, the relatively low burden of disease in humans caused by few of these viruses impeded the development of coronavirus specific therapeutics. However, the...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2014.06.002
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic recombination facilitates the transfer of genetic information in a parasexual reproduction manner even between distantly related species. Within the Geminiviridae family, a group of plant-infecting viruses that severely constrain cropping systems worldwide, it is highly suspected that recombination was pivotal...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2014.12.005
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::With a few exceptions, vaccines for viruses that cause hemorrhagic fever remain unavailable or lack well-documented efficacy. In the past decade this has not been due to a lack of the ability to develop vaccine platforms against highly pathogenic viruses, but rather the lack of will/interest to invest in platforms tha...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2013.04.007
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The three types of interferon (IFNs) are essential for immunity against at least some viruses in the mouse model of experimental infections, type I IFNs displaying the broadest and strongest anti-viral activity. Consistently, human genetic studies have shown that type II IFN is largely redundant for immunity against v...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2011.10.016
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2011.05.018
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2017.10.001
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evolution has equipped plants with defense mechanisms to counterattack virus infections. However, some viruses have acquired the capacity to escape these defense barriers. In their combats, plants use mechanisms such as antiviral RNA silencing that viruses fight against using silencing-repressors. Plants could also re...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.12.001
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developing antiviral drugs is challenging due to the small number of targets in viruses, and the rapid evolution of viral genes. Animals have evolved a number of efficient antiviral defence mechanisms, which can serve as a source of inspiration for novel therapies. The genetically tractable insect Drosophila belongs t...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2016.09.005
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viruses are ubiquitous parasites of cellular life forms and the most abundant biological entities on earth. The relationships between viruses and their hosts involve the continuous arms race but are by no account limited to it. Growing evidence shows that, in the course of evolution, viruses and their components are r...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2018.07.011
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dengue is the most important arboviral disease world-wide with an estimated 400 million annual infections. Dengvaxia™ is a live attenuated tetravalent vaccine recently licensed for dengue seropositive individuals aged 9-45 years. There is great need for a dengue vaccine that could be given to dengue-naïve individuals ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2020.09.005
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2017.07.017
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2015.06.008
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful viral infection entails a choreographic regulation of viral gene expression program. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes numerous miRNAs that regulate viral life cycle. However, few viral targets have been identified due to the lack of information on KSHV 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs)....
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2014.04.004
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::"What I cannot create, I do not understand." Richard Feynman may have championed reasoning from first principles in his famous blackboard missive, but he could just as well have been referring to the plight of a molecular virologist. What cannot be grown in a controlled laboratory setting, we cannot fully understand. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2019.02.008
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prototypical response to an acute viral infection it would be expected that the adaptive immune response would eliminate all virally infected cells within a few weeks of infection. However many (non-retrovirus) RNA viruses can establish 'within host' persistent infections that occasionally lead to chronic or reac...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2017.03.001
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in host range are central to virus emergence. Host range, together with its evolution, is determined by virus intrinsic factors, such as genetic traits determining its fitness in different hosts. Experimental analyses have shown the relevance in host range evolution of across-host fitness trade-offs. Host rang...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2018.12.003
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compare the design, mechanism of action, and clinical efficacy of two recently licensed paradigm shifting vaccines. Zostavax is the first vaccine licensed to prevent disease in patients already infected with a pathogen, and is contrasted with Gardasil and Cervarix, the first vaccines designed and licensed specifica...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2011.07.007
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Productive virus infection depends upon delivery of viral genomic material into the host cell cytoplasm. The tails of bacteriophages recognize host cells and mediate host cell wall and membrane penetration. Recent cryo-electron microscopy studies have revealed near atomic-resolutions structures of the entire or almost...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2020.09.002
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccines are the gold standard for the control and prevention of infectious diseases, but a number of important human diseases remain challenging targets for vaccine development. An influenza vaccine that confers broad spectrum, long-term protection remains elusive. Several broadly neutralizing antibodies have been id...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2012.02.005
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multicomponent viral systems face specific challenges when enduring population bottlenecks. These systems can lose coding information due to the lack of co-encapsidation of all the genetic information, at least in a proportion of the capsids in a population. Moreover, bottlenecks can also impact one of the main potent...
journal_title:Current opinion in virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2018.09.001
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00