Abstract：
:The extraction of plastic microparticles, so-called microplastics, from sludge is a challenging task due to the complex, highly organic material often interspersed with other benign microparticles. The current procedures for microplastic extraction from sludge are time consuming and require expensive reagents for density separation as well as large volumes of oxidizing agents for organic removal, often resulting in tiny sample sizes and thus a disproportional risk of sample bias. In this work, we present an improved extraction method tested on return activated sludge (RAS). The treatment of 100 ml of RAS requires only 6% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for bleaching at 70 °C, followed by density separation with sodium nitrate/sodium thiosulfate (SNT) solution, and is completed within 24 h. Extracted particles of all sizes were chemically analyzed with confocal Raman microscopy. An extraction efficiency of 78 ± 8% for plastic particle sizes 20 µm and up was confirmed in a recovery experiment. However, glass shards with a diameter of less than 20 µm remained in the sample despite the density of glass exceeding the density of the separating SNT solution by 1.1 g/cm3. This indicates that density separation may be unreliable for particle sizes in the lower micrometer range.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Sujathan S,Kniggendorf AK,Kumar A,Roth B,Rosenwinkel KH,Nogueira Rdoi
10.1007/s00244-017-0415-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-01 00:00:00pages
641-648issue
4eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703pii
10.1007/s00244-017-0415-8journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Oil sands process-affected water (OSPW), which can be potentially toxic to aquatic biota, is a major by-product of bitumen mining in northern Alberta. The effects of environmental factors on the toxicity of OSPW are understudied. In the present study, the impacts of seasonal changes in water quality on the toxic effec...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01055143
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abstract：:The purpose of this study was to obtain a better understanding of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) immunotoxicity in the developing mouse. Adult female mice were dosed with three subcutaneous injections per week of 50 mg/kg Aroclor 1242 (A1242), Aroclor 1254 (A1254), or corn oil for 2 weeks and then mated with nondosed ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-002-2022-5
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00212802
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002440010244
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01055187
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01183878
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-016-0358-5
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900487
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02220817
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01065834
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-010-9530-5
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900302
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbaryl has been applied in Willapa Bay, Washington, for five decades to control burrowing shrimp (Neotrypaea californiensis and Upogebia pugettensis) on commercial oyster (Crassostrea gigas) beds. Concerns about effects on nontarget species, including fishes, have led to restrictions in use despite a lack of data on...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-013-9951-z
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous studies have reported polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in soil, root, and aerial parts of vegetables. However, few studies have measured the contribution of PCBs bound to particles in air in relation to uptake by vegetables. In the present study, PCB concentrations were measured in five types of ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-014-0045-3
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-003-3087-5
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-016-0261-0
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00212675
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inhibition of bacterial luminescence has been used in testing industrial enterprises sewage. The toxicity of the sewage is less than the total toxicity of separate components due to neutralization of quinone products of polyphenol oxidation in the reactions with the other phenol components of sewage. Toxicity incr...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF00213286
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Franz diffusion experiments with human skin combined with work-clothing fabric have shown that skin exposure to pesticides is reduced by the presence of traditional nonbarrier textiles. This study was undertaken to obtain further information about the reduction in exposure using traditional work-clothing fabrics that ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900359
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
