Structural organization of membrane-inserted hexamers formed by Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin.

abstract：:The small RNA, ArcZ (previously RyhA/SraH), was discovered in several genome-wide screens in Escherichia coli and Salmonella. Its high degree of genomic conservation, its frequent recovery by shotgun sequencing, and its association with the RNA chaperone, Hfq, identified ArcZ as an abundant enterobacterial 'core' smal...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Papenfort K,Said N,Welsink T,Lucchini S,Hinton JCD,Vogel J

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptomyces scabies is the best studied of those streptomycetes that cause an economically important disease known as potato scab. The phytotoxin thaxtomin is made exclusively by these pathogens and is required for virulence. Here we describe regulation of thaxtomin biosynthesis by TxtR, a member of the AraC/XylS fam...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Joshi MV,Bignell DR,Johnson EG,Sparks JP,Gibson DM,Loria R

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prediction studies, conformational analyses and membrane-topology mapping lead to the conclusion that the penicillin sensory transducer, BlaR, involved in the inducibility of beta-lactamase synthesis in Bacillus licheniformis, is embedded in the plasma membrane bilayer via four transmembrane segments TM1-TM4 that form...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hardt K,Joris B,Lepage S,Brasseur R,Lampen JO,Frère JM,Fink AL,Ghuysen JM

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent emergence of indolent and rapidly fatal drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has renewed interest in defining the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in the tubercle bacilli. In this report, we have examined the mechanism of resistance to streptomycin (Sm) in M. tuberculosis through the ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Nair J,Rouse DA,Bai GH,Morris SL

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method of insertional mutagenesis for naturally transformable organisms has been adapted from Haemophilus influenzae and applied to the study of the pathogenesis of Campylobacter jejuni. A series of kanamycin-resistant insertional mutants of C. jejuni 81-176 has been generated and screened for loss of ability to inv...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Yao R,Burr DH,Doig P,Trust TJ,Niu H,Guerry P

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tra operon of the prototypical F plasmid and its relatives enables transfer of a copy of the plasmid to other bacterial cells via the process of conjugation. Tra proteins assemble to form the transferosome, the transmembrane pore through which the DNA is transferred, and the relaxosome, a complex of DNA-binding pr...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Wong JJ,Lu J,Glover JN

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial protein secretion is catalysed by the SecYEG protein-conducting channel complexed with the SecA ATPase motor. To gain insight into the SecA-SecYEG interaction we used peptide arrays, thermodynamic quantification, mutagenesis and functional assays. Our data reveal that: (i) SecA binds with low affinity on sev...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Karamanou S,Bariami V,Papanikou E,Kalodimos CG,Economou A

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type VI secretion is critical for Vibrio cholerae to successfully combat phagocytic eukaryotes and to survive in the presence of competing bacterial species. V. cholerae type VI secretion system genes are encoded in one large and two small clusters. In V. cholerae, type VI secretion is controlled by quorum sensing, th...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Shao Y,Bassler BL

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) controls the transition between sessility and motility in many bacterial species. This regulation is achieved by a variety of mechanisms including alteration of transcription initiation and inhibition of flagellar function. How c-di-GMP inhibits the motility of Vibrio cholerae has not been det...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Srivastava D,Hsieh ML,Khataokar A,Neiditch MB,Waters CM

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribosome-tethered chaperones that interact with nascent polypeptide chains have been identified in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. However, these ribosome-associated chaperones share no sequence similarity: bacterial trigger factors (TF) form an independent protein family while the yeast machinery is Hsp70-ba...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Rauch T,Hundley HA,Pfund C,Wegrzyn RD,Walter W,Kramer G,Kim SY,Craig EA,Deuerling E

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rho1p regulates (1,3)beta-d-glucan synthesis and is required for cell integrity maintenance and actin cytoskeleton organization, but nothing is known about the regulation of this protein. At least nine different S. pombe genes code for proteins predicted to act as Rho GTPase-activating protei...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Calonge TM,Arellano M,Coll PM,Perez P

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional ribosomal RNAs are generated from longer precursor species in every organism known. Maturation of the 5' side of 16S rRNA in Escherichia coli is catalysed in a two-step process by the cooperative action of RNase E and RNase G. However, many bacteria lack RNase E and RNase G orthologues, raising the question...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Britton RA,Wen T,Schaefer L,Pellegrini O,Uicker WC,Mathy N,Tobin C,Daou R,Szyk J,Condon C

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously described HpuAB, a two-component receptor that mediates binding to haemoglobin (Hb), haemoglobin-haptoglobin (Hb-Hp) and apo-haptoglobin (Hp). In this communication, we constructed non-polar mutations in the hpuA and hpuB loci to examine the individual roles of HpuA and HpuB. Our results indicate th...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Lewis LA,Gipson M,Hartman K,Ownbey T,Vaughn J,Dyer DW

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria retain certain proteins at their cell envelopes by attaching them in a non-covalent manner to peptidoglycan, using specific protein domains, such as the prominent LysM (Lysin Motif) domain. More than 4000 (Pfam PF01476) proteins of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have been found to contain one or more Lysin M...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Buist G,Steen A,Kok J,Kuipers OP

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the aerobic degradation of aromatic compounds has been extensively studied in many microorganisms, the anaerobic mineralization of the aromatic ring is a more recently discovered microbial capacity on which very little information is available from facultative anaerobic bacteria. In this issue of Molecular Mi...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Carmona M,Díaz E

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Palindromic units (PU or REP) were defined as 40-nucleotide DNA sequences which are highly repeated in the genome of several members of the Enterobacteriaceae. They were shown to be a constituent of the bacterial interspersed mosaic element (BIME), in which they are associated with other repetitive sequences. We repor...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Bachellier S,Saurin W,Perrin D,Hofnung M,Gilson E

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transposon Tn 1546 confers resistance to glycopeptide antibiotics in enterococci and encodes two D,D-peptidases (VanX and VanY) in addition to the enzymes for the synthesis of D-alanyl-D-lactate (D-Ala-D-Lac). VanY was produced in the baculovirus expression system and purified as a proteolytic fragment that lacked the...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Arthur M,Depardieu F,Cabanié L,Reynolds P,Courvalin P

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In bacteria, genes are often expressed from multiple promoters to allow for a greater spectrum of regulation. Transcription of rRNA genes in Escherichia coli uses two promoters, rrn P1 and rrn P2. Under the conditions examined previously, the P1 and P2 promoters were regulated in response to many of the same changes i...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Murray HD,Gourse RL

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial actin homologue MreB forms a helix underneath the cytoplasmic membrane and was shown to be essential in the morphogenesis of the rod-shaped cells. Additionally, MreB was implicated to be involved in DNA segregation. However, in our hands the mreBCD deletion strain (PA340-678) grew without apparent DNA se...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Karczmarek A,Martínez-Arteaga R,Alexeeva S,Hansen FG,Vicente M,Nanninga N,den Blaauwen T

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome c biogenesis describes the posttranslational pathway for the conversion of pre-apocytochrome c into the mature holocytochrome c. It involves an unknown number of consecutive biochemical steps, including translocation of the precursor polypeptide and haem into the periplasm and the covalent linkage between t...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Thöny-Meyer L,Ritz D,Hennecke H

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms of transcription repression and derepression in vivo are not fully understood. We have obtained evidence that begins to clarify the minimum requirements for counteracting nucleosomal repression in vivo. Location of the TATA element near the nucleosome dyad does not block RNA polymerase II transcription ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Moss DR,Laybourn PJ

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease agent, has double-stranded linear plasmids with covalently closed ends. DNA at the ends, or telomeres, of two linear plasmids of B. burgdorferi strain B31 was examined. Telomeric sequences from both ends of a 16 kb linear plasmid and from one end of a 49 kb linear plasmid were cl...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hinnebusch J,Bergström S,Barbour AG

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular analyses were applied to the genes encoding variants of the serosubtyping antigen, the class 1 outer membrane protein (PorA), from 55 serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis strains. These genes were evolutionarily stable and exhibited a limited range of genetic variation, primarily generated by recombination. Tr...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Suker J,Feavers IM,Achtman M,Morelli G,Wang JF,Maiden MC

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of capsular exopolysaccharide (EPS) in Mollicutes has been inferred from electron micrographs for over 50 years without conclusive data to support the production of complex carbohydrates by the organism. Mycoplasma pulmonis binds the lectin Griffonia simplicifolia I (GS-I), which is specific for terminal ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Daubenspeck JM,Bolland JR,Luo W,Simmons WL,Dybvig K

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ndh gene of Escherichia coli which encodes an NADH dehydrogenase contains a putative FNR-binding site in its upstream non-coding region, and its expression has been investigated using an ndh-lacZ fusion. Expression of the fusion was found to be reduced during anaerobic growth, and experiments with hosts containing...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Spiro S,Roberts RE,Guest JR

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:External factors regulate the formation of pigment protein complexes in facultatively photosynthetic bacteria. The puf operon of Rhodobacter capsulatus encodes the pigment binding proteins of the reaction centre and light-harvesting I complex. Here we demonstrate that a single base-pair exchange within a sequence of d...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Klug G,Gad'on N,Jock S,Narro ML

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibitors of protein synthesis cause defects in the assembly of ribosomal subunits. In response to treatment with the antibiotics erythromycin or chloramphenicol, precursors of both large and small ribosomal subunits accumulate. We have used a pulse-labelling approach to demonstrate that the accumulating subribosomal...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Siibak T,Peil L,Dönhöfer A,Tats A,Remm M,Wilson DN,Tenson T,Remme J

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type III secretion systems are found in many Gram-negative bacteria. They are activated by contact with eukaryotic cells and inject virulence proteins inside them. Host cell detection requires a protein complex located at the tip of the device's external injection needle. The Shigella tip complex (TC) is composed of I...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Cheung M,Shen DK,Makino F,Kato T,Roehrich AD,Martinez-Argudo I,Walker ML,Murillo I,Liu X,Pain M,Brown J,Frazer G,Mantell J,Mina P,Todd T,Sessions RB,Namba K,Blocker AJ

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen-regulated genes in enterobacteria are positively controlled by the transcriptional activator of σ(N) -dependent promoters NtrC, either directly or indirectly, through the dual regulator Nac. Similar to enterobacteria, gdhA encoding glutamate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas putida is one of the few genes that i...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Hervás AB,Canosa I,Santero E

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The utilization of several sugars in Escherichia coli is regulated by the Phosphotransferase System (PTS), in which diverse sugar utilization modules compete for phosphoryl flux from the general PTS proteins. Existing theoretical work predicts a winner-take-all outcome when this flux limits carbon uptake. To date, no ...

journal_title：Molecular microbiology

authors： Westermayer SA,Fritz G,Gutiérrez J,Megerle JA,Weißl MP,Schnetz K,Gerland U,Rädler JO

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00