Abstract:
:Minocycline hydrochloride (MH), a semi-synthetic tetracycline derivative, is a clinically available antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits potent neuroprotective activities. It has been shown to target multiple secondary injury mechanisms in spinal cord injury, via its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. The secondary injury mechanisms that MH can potentially target include inflammation, free radicals and oxidative stress, glutamate excitotoxicity, calcium influx, mitochondrial dysfunction, ischemia, hemorrhage, and edema. This review discusses the potential mechanisms of the multifaceted actions of MH. Its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects are partially achieved through conserved mechanisms such as modulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways as well as inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Additionally, MH can directly inhibit calcium influx through the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, mitochondrial calcium uptake, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) enzymatic activity, and iron toxicity. It can also directly scavenge free radicals. Because it can target many secondary injury mechanisms, MH treatment holds great promise for reducing tissue damage and promoting functional recovery following spinal cord injury.
journal_name
Neural Regen Resjournal_title
Neural regeneration researchauthors
Shultz RB,Zhong Ydoi
10.4103/1673-5374.206633subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-05-01 00:00:00pages
702-713issue
5eissn
1673-5374issn
1876-7958pii
NRR-12-702journal_volume
12pub_type
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journal_title:Neural regeneration research
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doi:10.4103/1673-5374.194722
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journal_title:Neural regeneration research
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journal_title:Neural regeneration research
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更新日期:2013-07-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.08.006
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doi:10.4103/1673-5374.303007
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journal_title:Neural regeneration research
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doi:10.4103/1673-5374.215265
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.11.006
更新日期:2012-04-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neural regeneration research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.29.006
更新日期:2012-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neural regeneration research
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更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
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