Suboptimal decision making by children with ADHD in the face of risk: Poor risk adjustment and delay aversion rather than general proneness to taking risks.

abstract：:A new analytical procedure, single common factor analysis, was carried out on the data from a relatively large sample of normals (n = 101) and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD; n = 180) to examine the extent to which there were independent effects of disease status on different neuropsychological variables. This ...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Salthouse TA,Becker JT

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study identified the brain activations associated with auditory vigilance tasks, using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We created auditory continuous performance tests (CPTs) in which a demanding task (working memory task) was made more difficult than a simple vigilance task by increasing working memory an...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Seidman LJ,Breiter HC,Goodman JM,Goldstein JM,Woodruff PW,O'Craven K,Savoy R,Tsuang MT,Rosen BR

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with schizophrenia (n = 41) and healthy comparison participants (n = 46) completed neuropsychological measures of intelligence, memory, and executive function. A subset of each group also completed magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies (fractional anisotropy and cross-sectional area) of th...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Nestor PG,Kubicki M,Gurrera RJ,Niznikiewicz M,Frumin M,McCarley RW,Shenton ME

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The ability to imagine an elaborative event from a personal perspective relies on several cognitive processes that may potentially enhance subsequent memory for the event, including visual imagery, semantic elaboration, emotional processing, and self-referential processing. In an effort to find a novel strate...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Grilli MD,Glisky EL

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate the effect of age at various conditioned stimulus (CS)-unconditioned stimulus (US) intervals, 144 young, middle-aged, and older adults were tested on eyeblink classical conditioning at CS-US intervals of 500, 1,000, or 1,500 ms. Reaction time, response timing, motor learning, declarative memory, and attent...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Woodruff-Pak DS,Jaeger ME,Gorman C,Wesnes KA

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:General intelligence is important for success in daily life, fueling interest in developing cognitive training as an intervention to improve fluid ability (Gf). A major obstacle to the design of effective cognitive interventions has been the paucity of hypotheses bearing on mechanisms underlying transfer of c...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Greenwood PM,Parasuraman R

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this commentary on P. M. Greenwood's Functional Plasticity in Cognitive Aging: Review and hypothesis ( 2007), the author raises a number of questions stimulated by the article. Although it may be premature to expect answers to those questions, the author argues that they ultimately need to be addressed and answered...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Salthouse TA

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Configural processing in autism was studied in Experiment 1 by using the face inversion effect. A normal inversion effect was observed in the participants with autism, suggesting intact configural face processing. A priming paradigm using partial or complete faces served in Experiment 2 to assess both local and config...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Lahaie A,Mottron L,Arguin M,Berthiaume C,Jemel B,Saumier D

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:A critical barrier to the understanding of disruptions to cognitive flexibility following sports-related concussion is the use of assessments that conflate shifts of visuospatial attention and contextual rules. Because these dissociable forms of cognitive flexibility are subserved by distinct neural networks,...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： McGowan AL,Bretzin AC,Savage JL,Petit KM,Parks AC,Covassin T,Pontifex MB

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic and recreational use of cocaine has been shown to impair inhibitory output control (response inhibition) but whether input control is also affected is an open question. For the first time, this study compared the ability to perform a cued target-discrimination task that measured inhibition of return (IOR), a r...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Colzato LS,Hommel B

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Behavioral achievements are the product of brain maturation. During postnatal development, the medial temporal lobe completes its maturation, and children acquire new memory abilities. In recent years, virtual reality-based tasks have been introduced in the neuropsychology field to assess different cognitive ...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： León I,Cimadevilla JM,Tascón L

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to have clinically beneficial effects in altering the perception of auditory hallucinations (AH) in patients with schizophrenia. However, the mode of action is not clear. Recent neuroimaging findings indicate that rTMS has the potential to ind...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Gromann PM,Tracy DK,Giampietro V,Brammer MJ,Krabbendam L,Shergill SS

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the relationship between morphological structure of languages and performance asymmetries of native speakers in lateralized tasks. In 2 experiments, native speakers of English (concatenative morphology stem plus affix) and of Hebrew and Arabic (nonconcatenative root plus word-form morphology) were ...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Eviatar Z,Ibrahim R

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:The relationship between aging and practice effects on longitudinal neuropsychological assessments was investigated in middle-aged and older people with schizophrenia and healthy controls. METHOD:Older people with schizophrenia (n = 107; M age = 56.1) and age-comparable nonpsychiatric controls (n = 107; M a...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Granholm E,Link P,Fish S,Kraemer H,Jeste D

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bilateral presentations of words, 1 in the left visual hemifield (LVF) and 1 in the right (RVF), are used widely in studies of hemispheric asymmetry. However, although words shown centrally (i.e., nonlaterally) produce perceptual interactions in which 1 word alters the perceived identity of the other, perceptual inter...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Jordan TR,Patching GR

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex differences favoring women have been found in a number of studies of episodic memory. This study examined sex differences in verbal, nonverbal, and visuospatial episodic memory tasks. Results showed that although women performed at a higher level on a composite verbal and nonverbal episodic memory score, men perfo...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Lewin C,Wolgers G,Herlitz A

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Although reasoning and attention are 2 cognitive processes necessary for ensuring the efficiency of many everyday activities in older adults, the role of white matter integrity in these processes has been little studied. This is an important question due to the role of white matter integrity as a neural subst...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Monge ZA,Greenwood PM,Parasuraman R,Strenziok M

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A Stroop-analog task with faces and words was developed to investigate intrahemispheric and interhemispheric Stroop effects (SEs). Lateralized faces and words were used in an attempt to invoke right- and left-hemispheric specialization, respectively. A prototypical male face, female face, and baby face and the corresp...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Kavcic V,Clarke JM

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) choose smaller sooner (SS) over larger later (LL) rewards more than controls. Here we assess the contributions of impulsive drive for immediate rewards (IDIR) and delay aversion (DAv) to this pattern. We also explore the characteristics of, and the degree o...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Marco R,Miranda A,Schlotz W,Melia A,Mulligan A,Müller U,Andreou P,Butler L,Christiansen H,Gabriels I,Medad S,Albrecht B,Uebel H,Asherson P,Banaschewski T,Gill M,Kuntsi J,Mulas F,Oades R,Roeyers H,Steinhausen HC,

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition can be guided by familiarity, a restricted form of retrieval devoid of contextual recall, or by recollection, which occurs when retrieval is sufficient to support the full experience of remembering an episode. Recollection and familiarity were disentangled by testing recognition memory using silhouette obj...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Westerberg CE,Paller KA,Weintraub S,Mesulam MM,Holdstock JS,Mayes AR,Reber PJ

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT; n = 53, ages 55-91), healthy older adults (n = 75, ages 59-91), and younger adults (n = 24, ages 18-24) performed a word-primed picture-naming task. Word primes were neutral (ready), semantically or phonologically related, or unrelated to the correct picture name. ...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Faust ME,Balota DA,Multhaup KS

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Two-alternative forced-choice tasks are widely used to gain insight into specific areas of enhancement or impairment in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Data arising from these tasks have been used to support myriad theories regarding the integrity, or otherwise, of particular brain areas or c...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Pirrone A,Dickinson A,Gomez R,Stafford T,Milne E

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emotional arousal is associated with enhanced memory in neurologically intact individuals, but it is unknown whether this effect is obtained in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current study compared emotional memory and emotional reactions in patients with early AD and in older controls. Participants viewed emotionally ...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Hamann SB,Monarch ES,Goldstein FC

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have shown that children with spina bifida meningomyelocele (SBM) and hydrocephalus have attention problems on parent ratings and difficulties in stimulus orienting associated with a posterior brain attention system. Less is known about response control and inhibition associated with an anterior brain ...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Swartwout MD,Cirino PT,Hampson AW,Fletcher JM,Brandt ME,Dennis M

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Recent models suggest that face and word recognition may rely on overlapping cognitive processes and neural regions. In support of this notion, face recognition deficits have been demonstrated in developmental dyslexia. Here we test whether the opposite association can also be found, that is, impaired reading...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Starrfelt R,Klargaard SK,Petersen A,Gerlach C

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:An increasing number of results show that specific language impairment (SLI) is often associated with impairments in executive functions (EF), but the nature, extent, and generality of these deficits is yet unclear. The aim of the paper is to present results from verbal and nonverbal tasks examining EF in chi...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Lukács Á,Ladányi E,Fazekas K,Kemény F

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Theory of Mind (ToM) is a multifaceted construct that involves mental states attribution in social interactions. Patients with schizophrenia are impaired in ToM abilities, but recent studies showed that a non-negligible number of patients perform within normal ranges or close to normal, whereas other patients...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Bechi M,Bosia M,Agostoni G,Spangaro M,Buonocore M,Bianchi L,Cocchi F,Guglielmino C,Mastromatteo AR,Cavallaro R

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Decreased processing speed in schizophrenia patients has been identified as a major impairment factor in various neuropsychological domains. Working memory span has been found to be involved in several deep or effortful cognitive processes. We investigated the impact that these 2 cognitive functions may have ...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Brébion G,Stephan-Otto C,Ochoa S,Nieto L,Contel M,Usall J

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Comparability of meaning of neuropsychological test results across ethnic, linguistic, and cultural groups is important for clinicians challenged with assessing increasing numbers of older ethnic minorities. We examined the dimensional structure of a neuropsychological test battery in linguistically and demog...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Mungas D,Widaman KF,Reed BR,Tomaszewski Farias S

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study examined microstructural properties of cortical and subcortical gray matter components of the dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) cortical-subcortical circuit in relation to parent-rated executive function and fine motor dexterity performance in youth with spina bifida myelomeningocele (SBM). Aberrant...

journal_title：Neuropsychology

authors： Ware AL,Kulesz PA,Williams VJ,Juranek J,Cirino PT,Fletcher JM

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00