Abstract：
:Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, represent a potential mechanism for environmental impacts on human disease. Maternal smoking in pregnancy remains an important public health problem that impacts child health in a myriad of ways and has potential lifelong consequences. The mechanisms are largely unknown, but epigenetics most likely plays a role. We formed the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) consortium and meta-analyzed, across 13 cohorts (n = 6,685), the association between maternal smoking in pregnancy and newborn blood DNA methylation at over 450,000 CpG sites (CpGs) by using the Illumina 450K BeadChip. Over 6,000 CpGs were differentially methylated in relation to maternal smoking at genome-wide statistical significance (false discovery rate, 5%), including 2,965 CpGs corresponding to 2,017 genes not previously related to smoking and methylation in either newborns or adults. Several genes are relevant to diseases that can be caused by maternal smoking (e.g., orofacial clefts and asthma) or adult smoking (e.g., certain cancers). A number of differentially methylated CpGs were associated with gene expression. We observed enrichment in pathways and processes critical to development. In older children (5 cohorts, n = 3,187), 100% of CpGs gave at least nominal levels of significance, far more than expected by chance (p value < 2.2 × 10(-16)). Results were robust to different normalization methods used across studies and cell type adjustment. In this large scale meta-analysis of methylation data, we identified numerous loci involved in response to maternal smoking in pregnancy with persistence into later childhood and provide insights into mechanisms underlying effects of this important exposure.
journal_name
Am J Hum Genetjournal_title
American journal of human geneticsauthors
Joubert BR,Felix JF,Yousefi P,Bakulski KM,Just AC,Breton C,Reese SE,Markunas CA,Richmond RC,Xu CJ,Küpers LK,Oh SS,Hoyo C,Gruzieva O,Söderhäll C,Salas LA,Baïz N,Zhang H,Lepeule J,Ruiz C,Ligthart S,Wang T,Taylordoi
10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.02.019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-04-07 00:00:00pages
680-96issue
4eissn
0002-9297issn
1537-6605pii
S0002-9297(16)00070-7journal_volume
98pub_type
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