Abstract：
:Acute otitis media (AOM) continues to be a common infection in young children. Milder disease, usually due to viruses or less virulent bacteria, resolves equally quickly with or without antibiotics. A bulging tympanic membrane, especially if yellow or hemorrhagic, has a high sensitivity for AOM that is likely to be bacterial in origin and is a major diagnostic criterion for AOM. Perforation of the tympanic membrane with purulent discharge similarly indicates a bacterial cause. Immediate antibiotic treatment is recommended for children who are highly febrile (≥39°C), moderately to severely systemically ill or who have very severe otalgia, or have already been significantly ill for 48 h. For all other cases, parents can be provided with a prescription for antibiotics to fill if the child does not improve in 48 h or the child can be reassessed if this occurs. Amoxicillin remains the clear drug of choice. Ten days of therapy is appropriate for children <2 years of age, whereas older children can be treated for five days. :L’otite moyenne aiguë (OMA) continue d’être une infection courante chez les jeunes enfants. Les maladies plus bénignes, qui sont généralement causées par des bactéries ou des virus moins virulents, guérissent tout aussi rapidement avec ou sans la prise d’antibiotiques. Un tympan bombé, particulièrement s’il est jaunâtre ou hémorragique, est un signe très sensible d’OMA d’origine bactérienne et un critère diagnostique important d’OMA. La perforation du tympan accompagnée d’un écoulement purulent est également indicatrice d’une cause bactérienne. Une antibiothérapie immédiate est recommandée pour les enfants qui font une forte fièvre (39 °C ou plus), qui présentent des signes systémiques modérés ou majeurs, qui souffrent d’otalgie importante ou qui sont très malades depuis 48 heures. Dans tous les autres cas, les parents peuvent recevoir une prescription d’antibiotiques qu’ils pourront faire remplir si l’état de l’enfant ne s’améliore pas dans les 48 heures. Dans une telle situation, on peut également réévaluer l’enfant. De toute évidence, l’amoxicilline demeure le médicament de choix. Un traitement de dix jours convient pour les enfants de moins de deux ans, tandis que cinq jours suffisent pour les enfants plus âgés.
journal_name
Paediatr Child Healthjournal_title
Paediatrics & child healthauthors
Le Saux N,Robinson JL,Canadian Paediatric Society, Infectious Diseases and Immunization Committee.doi
10.1093/pch/21.1.39subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
39-50issue
1eissn
1205-7088issn
1918-1485journal_volume
21pub_type
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