Abstract:
:In three experiments, pigeons chose between two alternatives that differed in the probability of reinforcement and the delay to reinforcement. A peck at a red key led to a delay of 5 s and then a possible reinforcer. A peck at a green key led to an adjusting delay and then a certain reinforcer. This delay was adjusted over trials so as to estimate an indifference point, or a duration at which the two alternatives were chosen about equally often. In Experiments 1 and 2, the intertrial interval was varied across conditions, and these variations had no systematic effects on choice. In Experiment 3, the stimuli that followed a choice of the red key differed across conditions. In some conditions, a red houselight was presented for 5 s after each choice of the red key. In other conditions, the red houselight was present on reinforced trials but not on nonreinforced trials. Subjects exhibited greater preference for the red key in the latter case. The results were used to evaluate four different theories of probabilistic reinforcement. The results were most consistent with the view that the value or effectiveness of a probabilistic reinforcer is determined by the total time per reinforcer spent in the presence of stimuli associated with the probabilistic alternative. According to this view, probabilistic reinforcers are analogous to reinforcers that are delivered after variable delays.
journal_name
J Exp Anal Behavjournal_title
Journal of the experimental analysis of behaviorauthors
Mazur JEdoi
10.1901/jeab.1989.51-87subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
87-99issue
1eissn
0022-5002issn
1938-3711journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract::When a number of two-stimulus relations are established through training within a set of stimuli, other two-stimulus relations often emerge in the same set without direct training. These, termed "transitive stimulus relations," have been demonstrated with a variety of visual and auditory stimuli. The phenomenon has se...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1966-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1963-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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