Effect of Osmolytes and Guanidinium Chloride on the Enzymatic Properties of Bovine α-Chymotrypsin.

Abstract:

:We have studied the effect of guanidinium chloride (Gdn.Cl) and different osmolytes such as betaine, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and urea on the rate of chymotrypsin catalyzed reaction. The rates were measured using three synthetic chromogenic substrates, succinyl-ala-ala-pro-arg-pNA (AAPR), succinyl-ala-ala-pro-leu-pNA (AAPL), and succinyl-ala-ala-pro-phe-pNA (AAPF). Qualitatively, the results with the three substrates were identical. Guanidinium chloride and urea produced a linear decrease while TMAO produced a linear increase in the rate with increase in osmolyte concentration. Betaine had practically no effect on the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction up to a concentration of 1.2 M. However, quantitatively the rate change per molar concentration of osmolyte (or Gdn.Cl) was significantly larger for AAPR that has a polar and cationic reactive site residue than the two substrates (AAPL and AAPF) that have non-polar reactive site residues. These results suggest that the chemical nature of the substrate (and presumably the active site of the enzyme) plays an important role in determining the effect of osmolytes in enzyme catalyzed reactions.

journal_name

Protein Pept Lett

authors

Garringer M,Qasim MA

doi

10.2174/0929866523666160223122415

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-01-01 00:00:00

pages

504-7

issue

6

eissn

0929-8665

issn

1875-5305

pii

PPL-EPUB-73897

journal_volume

23

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Toward the virtual screening of potential drugs in the homology modeled NAD+ dependent DNA ligase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

    abstract::DNA ligase is an important enzyme and it plays vital role in the replication and repair; also catalyzes nick joining between adjacent bases of DNA. The NAD(+) dependent DNA ligase is selectively present in eubacteria and few viruses; but missing in humans. Homology modeling was used to generate 3-D structure of NAD(+)...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986610790225950

    authors: Singh V,Somvanshi P

    更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00

  • Crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of three mastoparans.

    abstract::Mastoparans are tetradecapeptides found to be the major component of wasp venoms. These peptides possess a variety of biological activities. Three related mastoparans, mastoparan from Polistes jadwagae (MP-PJ), mastoparanX (MP-X) and its carboxyl-free C-terminal form (MP-X-COO-), were crystallized. X-ray diffraction d...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986606777145896

    authors: Wang F,Liu X,Li H,Lang X,Peng H,Liu S,Jiang T

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • Proteinase K-resistant aggregates of recombinant prion protein PrP-(23-98) are toxic to cultured cells.

    abstract::Here, we show for the first time that non-fibrillar and spherical aggregates produced from PrP-(23-98) in the presence of NADPH plus copper ions are toxic to cultured cells and induce apoptotic signals. It is also confirmed that endogenous cellular PrP isoform is not required for toxicity to occur. ...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986609787049475

    authors: Shiraishi N,Inai Y,Ihara Y

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Protein classification based on propagation of unrooted binary trees.

    abstract::We present two efficient network propagation algorithms that operate on a binary tree, i.e., a sparse-edged substitute of an entire similarity network. TreeProp-N is based on passing increments between nodes while TreeProp-E employs propagation to the edges of the tree. Both algorithms improve protein classification e...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986608784567492

    authors: Kocsor A,Busa-Fekete R,Pongor S

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Properties of a putative cambialistic superoxide dismutase from the aerotolerant bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus strain LMG 18311.

    abstract::The aerotolerance of the lactic - fermentative bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus is mainly based on the key antioxidant function of superoxide dismutase (StSOD). In this work, the comparison of recombinant StSOD (rStSOD) forms obtained from two different initiation triplets indicated that the enzyme from S. thermop...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986612799363127

    authors: De Vendittis A,Marco S,Di Maro A,Chambery A,Albino A,Masullo M,Michniewicz A,Parlato G,De Angelis A,De Vendittis E,Rullo R

    更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00

  • Antibiotics Used in Patients after Surgery and Effects of Human Serum Paraoxonase-I (PON1) Enzyme Activity.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Paraoxonase (PON; arilesterase, [EC 3.1.8.1]) is an enzyme from the group arilesterases (ARE). This enzyme is capable of hydrolyzing paraoxone which is the active metabolite of parathion, an organic phosphorus insecticide. PON activity was found to be low in individuals prone to development of atherosclerosi...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866526666190124144622

    authors: Yılmaz A,Dilek E

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • Heat shock proteins in cancer: signaling pathways, tumor markers and molecular targets in liver malignancy.

    abstract::Heat shock proteins (HSPs) consist of a large group of proteins with negligible expressions under physiological conditions. Their expressions are highly induced under stress conditions and they are ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and organs. HSPs possess chaperone functions, thus facilitating the correct fol...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/092986609788167752

    authors: Lu WJ,Lee NP,Fatima S,Luk JM

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Phylogenetic approach for inferring the origin and functional evolution of bacterial ADP-ribosylation superfamily.

    abstract::Bacterial ADP-ribosyltransferases (BADPRTs) are extensively contributed to determine the strain-specific virulence state and pathogenesis in human hosts. Understanding molecular evolution and functional diversity of the BADPRTs is an important standpoint to describe the fundamental behind in the vaccine designing for ...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866511320090012

    authors: Chellapandi P,Sakthishree S,Bharathi M

    更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • A simplified model of the binding interaction between stromal cell-derived factor-1 chemokine and CXC chemokine receptor 4.

    abstract::We have synthesised the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (29-39) peptide, CXCR4[29-39]. This peptide is located in the N-terminal region of the receptor and is likely to be involved in the docking step of the receptor interaction with its natural ligand stromal cell-derived factor-1 chemokine, SDF-1. Preliminary experiments, ...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866033479022

    authors: Palladino P,Pedone C,Ragone R,Rossi F,Saviano M,Benedetti E

    更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00

  • The Roles of Bursal Nonapeptide (BP9) on AIV Vaccine Immune Response in Chick Immunization and on Avian Immature B Cell.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Bursa of Fabricius plays the vital functions on B cell development and antibody production in poultry. The bursal-derived peptide plays the essential roles on avian immature B cell development. OBJECTIVES:Here we explored the functions of the recently reported bursal nonapeptide (BP9) on the antibody produc...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866526666190730101455

    authors: Zheng Y,Zong MM,Chen BY,Zhou XH,Liu ZN,Zhou GF,Chen PY,Feng XL

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • Preparation and characterization of a novel recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-34) analog (Gly1-Gln26-rhPTH(1-34)) with enhanced biological activity.

    abstract::A recombinant human parathyroid hormone (rhPTH) fragment (Gly1-Gln26-rhPTH(1-34)) which contains two amino acids substitutions (Gly1 and Gln26) was acquired through Escherichia coli expression system using a soluble fusion protein strategy. The soluble fusion protein MBP-Gly1-Gln26-rhPTH(1-34) was harvested after puri...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986608785203773

    authors: Xu XC,Zhong SD,Kai F,Li LR,Liu C,Liu B,Bao JK

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Crystal Structure of the Type VI Secretion System Accessory Protein TagF from Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) has been found in approximately onequarter of the gram-negative bacterial species, and its structural characteristics appear to slightly differ from species to species. The genes encoding T6SS are designated as type six secretion A-M (tssA-M). The expression of the tss gene cl...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866526666190119121859

    authors: Ok CK,Chang JH

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • Are oblique orientated alpha-helices used by antimicrobial peptides for membrane invasion?

    abstract::Oblique orientated alpha-helices are highly specialised protein structural elements that penetrate membranes at a shallow angle and are used to promote membrane destabilisation by a number of protein classes. Here, the use of extended hydrophobic moment methodology shows that the amphibian extrudates, aurein 1.2 and c...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866053406039

    authors: Dennison SR,Harris F,Phoenix DA

    更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of synthetic cell-penetrating peptides, Pro-rich peptide and octaargine derivatives, as adenovirus vector carrier.

    abstract::Two cell-penetrating peptides, a Pro-rich peptide derivative, acetyl-(Val-Arg-Leu-Pro-Pro-Pro)(3)-Gly-Cys amide, and an octaarginine derivative, acetyl-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Gly-Cys amide, were prepared by the solid phase method. Each peptide was coupled to the heterobifunctional cross-linking reagent, 6-mal...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986610790225978

    authors: Kida S,Eto Y,Yoshioka Y,Nakagawa S,Kawasaki K,Maeda M

    更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00

  • Meta genome-wide network from functional linkages of genes in human gut microbial ecosystems.

    abstract::The human gut microbial ecosystem (HGME) exerts an important influence on the human health. In recent researches, meta-genomics provided deep insights into the HGME in terms of gene contents, metabolic processes and genome constitutions of meta-genome. Here we present a novel methodology to investigate the HGME on the...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866511320030016

    authors: Ji Y,Shi Y,Wang C,Dai J,Li Y

    更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00

  • Cm38: a new antimicrobial peptide active against Klebsiella pneumoniae is homologous to Cn11.

    abstract::Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a large and ubiquitous group of peptides. The current crisis in antibiotic therapy has led to an intensified search for new antimicrobial agents. In this regard, scorpion venom constitutes a rich source of biologically active peptides including AMPs. In the present study, the pu...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986652202150128143048

    authors: Dueñas-Cuellar RA,Kushmerick C,Naves LA,Batista IF,Guerrero-Vargas JA,Pires OR Jr,Fontes W,Castro MS

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • SpliVert: A Protein Multiple Sequence Alignment Refinement Method Based on Splitting-Splicing Vertically.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) is a fundamental task in bioinformatics and is required for many biological analysis tasks. The more accurate the alignments are, the more credible the downstream analyses. Most protein MSA algorithms realign an alignment to refine it by dividing it into two groups horizonta...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866526666190806143959

    authors: Zhan Q,Fu Y,Jiang Q,Liu B,Peng J,Wang Y

    更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00

  • The water effect on the kinetic of the bovine liver catalase.

    abstract::Catalase is an enzyme that occurs in almost all aerobic organisms. Its main metabolic function is to prevent oxidative damage to tissues induced by hydrogen peroxide which is a strong oxidizing agent. Catalase is very effective in performing this task, since it has the highest turnover rate among all the enzymes. The ...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986611796011392

    authors: Seixas FA,da Silva MR,Murakami MT,Tosqui P,Colombo MF

    更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00

  • Structural analysis as an alternative to identify and determine mode of action of antimicrobial peptides: proposition of a kinetic model based on molecular dynamics studies.

    abstract::Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute an important alternative in the search for new treatments against pathogens. We analyzed the sequence variability in cytokine and chemokine proteins to investigate whether these molecules contain a sequence useful in the development of new AMPs. Cluster analysis allowed the ide...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866511320050001

    authors: Robles-Gomez EE,Flores-Villegas MC,Gonzalez-Manjarrez A,Soriano-Garcia M

    更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00

  • Expression and purification of uniformly (15)N-labeled amyloid beta peptide 1-40 in Escherichia coli.

    abstract::For biophysical studies using heteronuclear NMR analysis of amyloid beta peptide, construction of an efficient and high yield expression system of uniformly isotopic labeled amyloid beta peptide is desirable. Here we succeeded in obtaining (15)N-labeled amyloid beta 1-40 expressed by attachment to hen egg white lysozy...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986607781483741

    authors: Nagata-Uchiyama M,Yaguchi M,Hirano Y,Ueda T

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Purification of a 6.5 kDa protease inhibitor from Amazon Inga umbratica seeds effective against serine proteases of the boll weevil Anthonomus grandis.

    abstract::A 6.5 kDa serine protease inhibitor was purified by anion-exchange chromatography from the crude extract of the Inga umbratica seeds, containing inhibitor isoforms ranging from 6.3 to 6.7 kDa and protease inhibitors of approximately 19 kDa. The purified protein was characterized as a potent inhibitor against trypsin a...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866054395888

    authors: Calderon LA,Teles RC,Leite JR,Franco OL,Grossi-de-Sá MF,Medrano FJ,Bloch C Jr,Freitas SM

    更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00

  • Furin cleavage of bacterial expressed glutathione-S-transferase-pro-transforming growth factor beta1 fusion protein in vitro.

    abstract::To investigate the processing of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) pro-protein by furin protease we expressed a GST-pro-TGFbeta1 fusion protein in bacteria. Analysis of the furin digestion pattern revealed the liberation of 12.5 kDa TGFbeta1 monomers. There was no evidence for cleavage of an alternative furi...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986610790963609

    authors: Kahle NA,Joffroy C,Popp SL,Knabbe C,Stope MB

    更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00

  • Cloning and high-level expression of scorpion toxin BmKITa1 in Escherichia coli and insect cells.

    abstract::BmK ITa1 cDNA was cloned and highly expressed in E. coli and insect cell. SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis revealed that subunit molecular weight of expression products is about 40 kDa and 10 kDa respectively. The expression product purified by a Ni(2+)-IDA-sepharose 6B column was toxic for insect, which indicated t...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/0929866023408472

    authors: Liu Z,Yang GZ,Chi CW,Wu XF

    更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00

  • Characterization of Activin/BMP2 chimera, AB204, formulated for preclinical studies.

    abstract::AB204 is an Activin/BMP2 chimera, which has been found to exhibit a higher activity than Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) in osteogenic activity. To prepare AB204 for its preclinical studies, AB204 has been characterized in various formulation buffers. We observed that AB204 purified by ion-exchange chromatography ...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986652105140218110302

    authors: Ahn C,Maslennikov I,Choi JY,Oh H,Cheong C,Choe S

    更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00

  • A structural-energetic basis for B-cell epitope prediction.

    abstract::Structural-energetic analysis of peptide and protein antigens in the context of binding to antibody reveals fundamental differences between the cross-reactions of antipeptide antibody with protein and antiprotein antibody with peptide, providing a physicochemical basis for B-cell epitope prediction as applied to the d...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.2174/092986606777790502

    authors: Caoili SE

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • An RGD-Modified Endostatin Peptide Expressed at E. coli Shows Anti-Tumor Activity In vivo.

    abstract::Tumor vasculatures express high levels of α(V)β(3)/α(V)β(5) and α(5)β(1) integrins. Peptide containing the RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) sequence, which is present in ligands of integrins, is effective in targeting therapeutic reagents to tumor vascular endothelium. In this study, we investigated whether the biological activity o...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Zhang HT,Li HC,Li ZW,Guo CH,Chen YJ

    更新日期:2011-06-15 00:00:00

  • Statistics of catalytic domain sequences in protein kinases vs non-kinases.

    abstract::The catalytic regions of Protein Kinases are known to have similarity in primary chains. However, it is not known whether there is a signature profile specific to a particular catalytic region? Whether the signature profile, if any, is unique to a protein kinases family in a particular species or in a group of species...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986607780989985

    authors: Joshi RR,Manda C

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Sialic acid recognition of the pandemic influenza 2009 H1N1 virus: binding mechanism between human receptor and influenza hemagglutinin.

    abstract::Quantum mechanical fragment molecular orbital calculations have been performed for receptor binding of the hemagglutinin protein of the recently pandemic influenza 2009 H1N1, A/swine/Iowa/1930, and A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 viruses to α2-6 linked sialyloligosaccharides, as analogs of human receptors. The strongest receptor...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986611794927893

    authors: Fukuzawa K,Omagari K,Nakajima K,Nobusawa E,Tanaka S

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • Solubility improvement of an anthrax toxin peptide inhibitor by rational amino acid randomization.

    abstract::We previously described a potent anthrax toxin inhibitor, based on a phage-library-selected peptide sequence, synthesized as a tetra-branched molecule on a lysine core and further modified for improvement of activity [Pini et al., Biochem. J., 2006, 395, 157]. This branched peptide had very low solubility because of s...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986608784966958

    authors: Pini A,Brunetti J,Falciani C,Fabbrini M,Bracci L

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Peptoid analogues of anoplin show antibacterial activity.

    abstract::We have synthesised nine analogues of the antibacterial peptide anoplin with a peptoid residue at position 5 (H-GLLKXIKTLL-NH(2)). The most active compounds showed MIC-values of 12.5 and 25 microM against E.coli and S.aureus. These MIC-values are comparable with anoplin which showed 23 microM and 11 microM against E. ...

    journal_title:Protein and peptide letters

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.2174/092986609789055421

    authors: Meinike K,Hansen PR

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00