Abstract：
:We examined how serum cholesterol, an established risk factor for cerebrovascular disease (CVD), relates to cognitive function in healthy middle-older aged individuals with no neurologic or CVD history. A complete lipid panel was obtained from a cohort of one hundred twenty individuals, ages 43-85, who also underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological examination. In order to reduce the number of variables and empirically identify broad cognitive domains, scores from neuropsychological tests were submitted into a factor analysis. This analysis revealed three explainable factors: Memory, Executive Function and Memory/Language. Three separate hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted using individual cholesterol metrics (total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein; LDL, high density lipoprotein; HDL, and triglycerides), as well as age, education, medication status (lipid lowering agents), ApoE status, and additional risk factors for CVD to predict neuropsychological function. The Memory Factor was predicted by a combination of age, LDL, and triglyceride levels; both age and triglycerides were negatively associated with factor score, while LDL levels revealed a positive relationship. Both the Executive and Memory/Language factor were only explained by education, whereby more years were associated with better performance. These results provide evidence that individual cholesterol lipoproteins and triglycerides may differentially impact cognitive function, over and above other common CVD risk factors and ApoE status. Our findings demonstrate the importance of consideration of vascular risk factors, such as cholesterol, in studies of cognitive aging.
journal_name
Metab Brain Disjournal_title
Metabolic brain diseaseauthors
Leritz EC,McGlinchey RE,Salat DH,Milberg WPdoi
10.1007/s11011-016-9797-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-04-01 00:00:00pages
465-73issue
2eissn
0885-7490issn
1573-7365pii
10.1007/s11011-016-9797-yjournal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two progressive disorders with high prevalence worldwide. Polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genes might be associated with both T2D and AD, representing possible genetic markers for the development of the AD in subjec...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-012-9310-1
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia is one of the most disabling mental disorders that affects up to 1 % of the population worldwide. Although the causes of this disorder remain unknown, it has been extensively characterized by a broad range of emotional, ideational and cognitive impairments. Studies indicate that schizophrenia affects neu...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-013-9417-z
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was performed to analyze the mutational spectrum of the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene in phenylketonuria (PKU) patients in Northwest China, to identify mutational hot spots, and to determine the correlation between variants and clinical phenotypes of PKU. A large cohort of 475 PKU families in Northwe...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-0387-7
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The original article contains mistake. The authors want to add Wenhui Pei as first co-author and Fang Fang as co-corresponding author. ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1007/s11011-020-00612-4
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The developing facial neurons of a series of hamsters ranging in age from the 14-day fetus to the 9 day postnatal were axotomized. Postoperative times were graded for each age so that the retrograde response could be observed before any significant amount of cell degeneration or death occurred. The incorporation of tr...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00996894
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transient cerebral ischemia causes long-lasting inhibition of protein synthesis despite recovery of energy metabolism. We investigated the question if this inhibition is due to the formation of a suppression factor which interferes with the function of the protein synthesizing machinery. For this purpose rats were sub...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01001061
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction is observed in brains of Alzheimer's Disease patients as well as many rodent model systems including those modeling mutations in preseinilin 1 (PSEN1). The aim of our study was to characterize mitochondrial function and number in fibroblasts from AD patients with PSEN1 mutations. We used bioc...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9667-z
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol dependence (AD) has a large heritable component. Genetic variation in genes involved in the absorption and elimination of ethanol have been associated with AD. However, some of these polymorphisms are not present in an African population. Previous studies have reported that a type of AD which is characterized ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9503-x
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relation between soya bean (SB) consumption and aggressive behavior has not been elucidated yet. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of large amount of SB consumption on adult male rats' aggressive behavior through investigating changes in the expression of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone/ RF amid...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00431-2
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important aspect of normal central nervous system (CNS) function. Recently, it was shown that the BBB breakdown is one of the predisposing factors in the pathogenesis of thiamine-deficiency encephalopathy. The result is discussed along with some reviews on previous ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02080931
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have examined neonatal diabetes, a rare disease characterized by hyperglycemia and low insulin levels that is usually diagnosed in the first 6 month of life. Recently, the effects of diabetes on the brain have received considerable attention. In addition, hyperglycemia may perturb brain function and mi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0170-6
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadmium (Cd) exposure leads to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are associated with Cd-induced neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have high bioavailability and antioxidant activities so it attracted wide spread attention. The present study examined the possible ameliora...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0053-x
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the biochemical alterations of the striatum of mice subjected to seven experimental schedules with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride (MPTP) treatment. The mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with MPTP (20 mg/kg in saline) four times a day at 2-hr intervals showed severe ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-010-9195-9
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic exposure to stress amplifies locomotor deficits and exacerbates dopamine neuron loss in an animal model for Parkinson's disease. The release of neurotrophic factors such as glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) following neuronal injury attenuates exacerbated degeneration...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-9988-1
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cholesterol-raising properties of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon-4 (ε-4) allele has been validated in the South African population. Mounting evidence supports the added value of APOE genotyping for the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in dyslipidemic patients beyond its established role in the diagnosis of l...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9737-2
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have described the occurrence in freely moving gerbils of slow potential changes (SPC) in two different models of experimental epilepsy: 1) maximal electroshock and 2) bilateral epileptic foci induced by penicillin. SPC is considered a by-product of epileptiform activity in both models and correlates to the SPC whi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01000149
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To analyze brain metabolite changes in HIV-1-seropositive subjects in order to define whether the neuronal impairment is a localized or more diffuse process. MATERIALS AND METHODS:15 patients and 18 volunteers underwent multivoxel proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy at 1.5T. Nine patients were classifi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020609213664
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute and chronic administration of Al-gluconate (12.7% Al) at the concentration of 1 mg/kg produces edema in the rat brain, as reflected by the increase in water and Na+ content. The permeability for Evans blue is also increased, which indicates the opening of the blood-brain barrier. Higher concentrations of the Al-...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00996974
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High plasma levels of methionine (Met) and its metabolites such as methionine sulfoxide (MetO) may occur in several genetic abnormalities. Patients with hypermethioninemia can present neurological dysfunction; however, the neurotoxicity mechanisms induced by these amino acids remain unknown. The aim of the present wor...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0054-9
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Substantial evidence demonstrated that maternal dietary nutrients can significantly determine the susceptibility to developing metabolic disorders in the offspring. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the later-life effects of maternal and postweaning diets interaction on epigenetic modification of the central nervous ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9678-9
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present experiments were conducted to investigate the direct effects of ethanol on the energy metabolism of astrocytes and C6-glioma cells. Primary astrocytes were prepared from cerebral cortices of neonatal rats, and C6-glioma cells were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). These cells were exp...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020606607729
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic neuroinflammation is strongly associated with AD and altered peripheral and central levels of chemokines and cytokines have been frequently described in those with AD. Given the increasing evidence of ethnicity-related differences in AD, it was of interest to determine if those altered chemokine and cytokine l...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00512-2
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is substantial clinical and experimental evidence that ammonia is a major factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. In the article is demonstrated that in hepatocellular dysfunction, ammonia detoxification to glutamine (GLN) in skeletal muscle, brain, and likely the lungs, is activated. In addition t...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-013-9428-9
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Semi-chronic exposure of ICR male Mice to Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in non-toxic doses decreased brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) and catecholamines without altering tryptophan (TRP) or tyrosine (TYR) levels. A TRP load (300 mg/kg, i.p. x 2 hours) slightly increased brain T...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01000244
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tyrosinemia type II is an inborn error of metabolism caused by a deficiency in hepatic cytosolic aminotransferase. Affected patients usually present a variable degree of mental retardation, which may be related to the level of plasma tyrosine. In the present study we evaluated effect of chronic administration of L-tyr...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9615-3
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MRPS22 gene defect is a very rare newly discovered mitochondrial disorder. We report a 4-month-old severely affected male infant with MRPS22 mutation. Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous splicing mutation c.339 + 5 G > A in MRPS22 gene. He has mild dysmorphism, hypotonia, developmental delay but not hyp...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0074-5
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe psychiatric disorders that share many genetic risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the association of phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit1 (PIK3R1) gene rs3756668 and rs3730089 polymorphisms with SCZ and BD risks and determine the expression le...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-020-00552-z
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overwhelming evidence suggests that microglia play an important role in ischemic injury and they polarize into two different phenotypes with distinct functions after ischemic stroke. We performed the present study to investigate whether L-3-n butylphthalide (NBP) has an effect on microglial polarization. Mice were sub...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0307-2
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to evaluate the effect of in vitro galactosaemia on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in different suckling rat brain regions. Various concentrations of galactose (Gal), galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P) and/or galactitol (Galtol) were preincubated for 1 h with homogenates from frontal cortex, hippocampus an...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-005-7210-3
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cystinosis is a systemic genetic disease caused by a lysosomal transport deficiency accumulating cystine in most tissues. Tissue damage depends on cystine accumulation, but the mechanisms of this damage are still obscure. Cysteamine administration depletes cystine accumulated, increasing survive of affected patients. ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-007-9078-x
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
