Abstract:
BACKGROUND:With invasive Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) disease controlled by vaccination with conjugate Hib vaccines, there is concern that invasive disease due to non-serotype b strains may emerge. OBJECTIVE:This study characterized invasive H. influenzae (Hi) isolates from Nunavut, Canada, in the post-Hib vaccine era. METHODS:Invasive H. influenzae isolates were identified by conventional methods at local hospitals; and further characterized at the provincial and federal public health laboratories, including detection of serotype antigens and genes, multi-locus sequence typing and antibiotic susceptibility. RESULTS:Of the 89 invasive H. influenzae cases identified from 2000 to 2012, 71 case isolates were available for study. There were 43 serotype a (Hia), 12 Hib, 2 Hic, 1 Hid, 1 Hie, 2 Hif and 10 were non-typeable (NT). All 43 Hia were biotype II, sequence type (ST)-23. Three related STs were found among the Hib isolates: ST-95 (n=9), ST-635 (n=2) and ST-44 (n=1). Both Hif belonged to ST-124 and the 2 Hic were typed as ST-9. The remaining Hid (ST-1288) and Hie (ST-18) belonged to 2 separate clones. Of the 10 NT strains, 3 were typed as ST-23 and the remaining 7 isolates each belonged to a unique ST. Eight Hib and 1 NT-Hi were found to be resistant to ampicillin due to β-lactamase production. No resistance to other antibiotics was detected. CONCLUSION:During the period of 2000-2012, Hia was the predominant serotype causing invasive disease in Nunavut. This presents a public health concern due to an emerging clone of Hia as a cause of invasive H. influenzae disease and the lack of published guidelines for the prophylaxis of contacts. The clonal nature of Hia could be the result of spread within an isolated population, and/or unique characteristics of this strain to cause invasive disease. Further study of Hia in other populations may provide important information on this emerging pathogen. No antibiotic resistance was detected among Hia isolates; a small proportion of Hib and NT-Hi isolates demonstrated resistance to ampicillin due to β-lactamase production.
journal_name
Int J Circumpolar Healthjournal_title
International journal of circumpolar healthauthors
Tsang RS,Li YA,Mullen A,Baikie M,Whyte K,Shuel M,Tyrrell G,Rotondo JA,Desai S,Spika Jdoi
10.3402/ijch.v75.29798subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-12 00:00:00pages
29798eissn
1239-9736issn
2242-3982pii
29798journal_volume
75pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In this article we review the thirty-year-old person from the viewpoint of the development psychology, life span, physical health and family life. In his psychological development a person has at this stage become adult, but he still uses some psychic mechanisms and coping strategies which are typical for the adolesce...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tobacco reduction is a major priority in Canadian Inuit communities. However, many Inuit frontline health workers lacked the knowledge, confidence and support to address the tobacco epidemic. Given vast distances, high costs of face-to-face training and previous successful pilots using distance education, th...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21078
更新日期:2013-08-05 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Characterize and examine the prevalence of food insecurity in Qeqertarsuaq, Greenland, and identify stressors affecting the food system. STUDY DESIGN:A mixed-methods study using quantitative food security surveys and semi-structured interviews. METHODS:Food security surveys (n=61) were conducted with a ran...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v69i3.17616
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is a nationally developed and state-administered telephone survey which monitors the health behaviors and practices of adults aged 18 and older. One use of the survey is to monitor progress towards some of the Year 2000 Health Objectives for the United Stat...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This article is part of an ethnographic study that aims to describe and understand health as a phenomenon of the Sami culture. STUDY DESIGN:The article is based on literature concerning the northern environment and the Sami culture, which is analysed from the point of view of health culture. RESULTS:From t...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v62i2.17556
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Music as a possible health-promoting agent has attained increasing academic and scientific interest over the last decades. Nonetheless, possible connections between indigenous singing traditions and health beyond traditional ceremonial healing practices are still under-researched worldwide. The Sami, the indigenous pe...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/22423982.2018.1454784
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rickets was first described in the 17th century and vitamin D deficiency was recognized as the underlying cause in the early 1900s. Despite this long history, vitamin D deficiency remains a significant health concern. Currently, vitamin D supplementation is recommended in Canada for breast fed infants. There...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v72i0.20244
更新日期:2013-04-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several European and North American studies have reported associations between cold temperatures and mortality from diseases of the circulatory system. However, the effects of cold vary between the settings warranting further research in other parts of the world. OBJECTIVES:To study associations between tem...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v71i0.19769
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study deals with the effects of regular winter swimming on the mood of the swimmers. METHODS:Profile of Mood State (POMS) and OIRE questionnaires were completed before (October) and after (January) the four-month winter swimming period. RESULTS:In the beginning, there were no significant differences i...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v63i2.17700
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined whether dietary supplementation with seal oil influenced the risk factors of atherosclerosis in healthy volunteers. Two intervention studies were carried out as preliminary steps in a larger project which aim at elucidating the disease preventive potential of seal oil. In study I ten healthy volunteers add...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare 3 questionnaires used to evaluate early developmental problems, emotional disturbances and competence in 18-month-old infants. STUDY DESIGN:A follow-up study with parents of infants 8 to 36 months of age who responded to a developmental questionnaire. METHODS:Fifty infants (18 months of age) wer...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v68i4.17365
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cluster is a mini-epidemic of a rare disease. Clusters may give clues to the etiology of disease, or may signal a hazardous exposure. Unfortunately, cluster investigations seldom are conclusive, for several reasons. Statistically significant clusters can occur by chance. The probability of finding chance cancer clus...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent reports have found a rise in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in reproductive age women in the USA. Surveillance data suggests one group that is at increased risk of HCV infection is the American Indian and Alaska Native population (AI/AN). Using the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) birth certifica...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/22423982.2019.1608139
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this cross-sectional qualitative study was to assess the impact of climate change on Sámi youth health, health care access, and health-seeking behaviour. Indigenous research methodology served as the basis of the investigation which utilised focus groups of youths and one-on-one interviews of adult communi...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/22423982.2018.1454785
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various types of system reactions of men's organism to industrial migrations (Tyumen--in latitude 57 degrees north and Kharasavey in latitude 71 degrees north) and the influence of climate stress are determined. Type I reaction is characterised by a moderate increase of the watch and its subsequent normalisation. Thus...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alaska Native people are disproportionately impacted by tobacco-related diseases in comparison to non-Native Alaskans. DESIGN:We used Alaska's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to describe tobacco use among more than 4,100 Alaska Native adults, stratified by geographic region and demographi...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21208
更新日期:2013-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Because Alaska does not have its own medical school, it has become part of WAMI (Washington, Alaska, Montana, Idaho), an educational agreement with the University of Washington School of Medicine (UWSM). Each year, 10 Alaskans are accepted into the entering class of UWSM and spend their first year at the University of...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Serum thyroid hormones, plasma catecholamines and mood were examined in 10 male members of the 16th Chinese Antarctic Expedition who spent the 2000 austral winter at Great Wall Station. STUDY DESIGN:Samples were taken prior to deployment to Antarctica (December, 1999) and upon return to China 54 weeks later...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v62i3.17562
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drawing on census data and psychiatric hospital records, this paper examines the impact of rapid socioeconomic change on the mental health of residents in Northwestern Ontario resource-dependent communities. This research investigates whether residents in economically growing and declining communities experience more ...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study is to review the current literatures on breast cancer (BC) in the Arctic, especially the trends in incidence during the last decades and the possible explanations. The design of this study is a literature review. The scientific literature concerning BC were reviewed, especially focusing on th...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3402/ijch.v71i0.19155
更新日期:2012-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Notable regional and seasonal variation has been reported in the rate of hospital admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPE). The aim of this study was to assess the variation in the length of hospital stay for COPD in Finland on the north south axis and by season. For this purpose, the patient record...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v61i2.17445
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of obesity and obesity-related conditions varies by population groups. Indigenous women of the circumpolar north are believed to be at high risk of obesity. OBJECTIVE:We studied, first the obesity prevalence in indigenous Arctic women, Nenets, compared to urban Russian women. Second, the asso...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v73.23859
更新日期:2014-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The medical internship as a way of exposing young doctors to training in a rural context is regarded as a useful tool to recruit and retain doctors in rural areas. Norwegian health authorities tested an arrangement of early sign-up for medical internships in the Finnmark County in Norway. OBJECTIVE:To repor...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/22423982.2017.1314415
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe the method, data collection procedure and participation in The Population-based Study on Health and Living Conditions in Areas with both Sami and Norwegian Settlements - the SAMINOR 2 questionnaire study. STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional and semi-longitudinal. METHODS:In 2012, all inhabitants aged ...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v73.23147
更新日期:2014-06-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Subsistence norms are part of the "ecosophy" or ecological philosophy of Alaska Native Peoples in the sub-Arctic, such as the Inupiat of Seward Peninsula. This kind of animistic pragmatism is a special source of practical wisdom that spans over thousands of years and which has been instrumental in the Iñupia...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21224
更新日期:2013-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Iceland is sparsely populated but social justice and equity has been emphasised within healthcare. The aim of the study is to examine healthcare services in Fjallabyggð, in rural northern Iceland, from users' perspective and evaluate social justice, access and quality of healthcare in an age of austerity. Mixed-method...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/22423982.2017.1347476
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High suicide rates in the Russian North are coupled with high alcohol consumption in the described populations. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the potential role of alcohol consumption on suicides in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO) in 2002-2012 and to compare this information with corresponding data from the ne...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v75.30965
更新日期:2016-07-22 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to describe adherence to health regimens and the factors associated with it among adult frequent attenders (FAs). DESIGN:This was a cross-sectional study. The study sample consisted of 462 healthcare FAs in 7 municipal health centres in northern Finland. An FA is a person who has ha...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/ijch.v75.30726
更新日期:2016-03-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Aboriginal communities have a high prevalence of diabetes and heart disease, and limited resources to address them. The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of prioritizing care with audit and feedback on cholesterol management of diabetic patients. STUDY DESIGN:A controlled before-after in...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3402/ijch.v69i4.17629
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::For decades the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has been a health concern in Greenland, especially within the age group of 15-34 year olds. However, no overview exists of the potential differences in regional incidence and management of STIs. This study investigates the age, gender and region specific...
journal_title:International journal of circumpolar health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/22423982.2018.1445938
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00