Abstract:
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), CYP2B6 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are involved in the metabolism and action of many important therapeutic drugs, and genetic variants have been associated with interethnic differences in response to treatment, including chemotherapy. METHODS:Eight hundred and forty-two unrelated Chinese healthy subjects (323 Tibetan, 134 Mongolian, 162 Uygur and 223 Han) were recruited for genotyping. Frequencies of CYP1A2 -163C>A, CYP2B6 516G>T and iNOS -954G>C were determined by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:The frequency of CYP1A2-163A was higher in Chinese Mongolian (0·698) than in Chinese Tibetan (0·633), Uygur (0·633) and Han populations (0·608, P < 0·05), respectively. The frequency of CYP1A2-163A in the Chinese population (total, 0·636) was intermediate between those reported in Caucasians (0·682, P < 0·05) and Africans (0·549, P < 0·01). The frequency of CYP2B6 516T in Chinese Uygur (0·287) was significantly higher than those in Chinese Tibetan (0·147, P < 0·01) and Mongolian (0·179, P < 0·01), respectively, but was similar to the frequency in Chinese Han (0·226). The frequencies of CYP2B6 516T were in the order of Africans (0·500) > Caucasians (0·286) > Chinese (0·200). The variant iNOS-954C was rare in Chinese Tibetan (0·005), Mongolian (0·004), Uygur (0·000) and Han (0·007), respectively, but showed higher frequencies in African ethnic groups. The frequencies of iNOS-954C were in the order of Africans (0·098) > Chinese (0·004) > Caucasians (0·000). WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION:This is the first report of the distribution frequencies of functional CYP1A2, CYP2B6 and iNOS genes among mainland Chinese Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur and Han populations. These results should help inform studies of interethnic differences in disease susceptibility or drug responses.
journal_name
J Clin Pharm Therjournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeuticsauthors
Qi GZ,Zhang ZY,Wang X,Yin SJ,Lou YQ,Zhang GLdoi
10.1111/jcpt.12351subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-02-01 00:00:00pages
84-91issue
1eissn
0269-4727issn
1365-2710journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The primary aim of this study was to assess patterns of prescribing of analgesic medications in a primary care setting in South Africa. Medication records of 47,103 patients for the year 1995 were retrospectively reviewed. Analgesic agents represented 12.3% of the total number and 14.2% of the total cost of all the pr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.1997.96175961.x
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are one of the preferred approved treatment options for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and inadequate glycaemic control. The objective of this review is to provide a general clinical overview of the similarities and differences in the ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13230
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Edoxaban has three dose adjustment factors (creatinine clearance, 15-50 mL/min; body weight, 60 kg or less; and concomitant medication with potent P-glycoprotein inhibitors) to prevent bleeding that results from elevated blood concentrations of the drug. A dose reduction (from 60 to 30 mg/da...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13065
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Tacrolimus, a widely used immunosuppressive agent in organ transplantation, has a narrow therapeutic window. It has been suggested that its interaction with lansoprazole could be dependent on polymorphisms of CYP3A5 and CYP2C19. The objective of this study was to investigate how, 1 year afte...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2010.01163.x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated chemical and pharmaceutical equivalence of 11 brands of pyrimethamine-sulphadoxine combination tablets sold on the Tanzanian market. Physical and chemical tests were performed for all the 11 brands. These tests included hardness test, friability, disintegration, dissolution, weight uniformity a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2005.00687.x
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To establish the role of patient characteristics in estimating doses of digoxin for neonates using routine therapeutic drug monitoring data. METHOD:The steady-state blood level data (n = 129) after repetitive oral administration in 71 hospitalized neonates were analysed using Nonlinear Mixed Effects Modellin...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2007.00833.x
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVES:The French Society of Clinical Pharmacy has developed a website, named Act-IP©, enabling hospital pharmacists to document and analyse pharmacists' interventions (PIs) proposed during medication order review when a drug-related problem is detected. This study analyses PIs documented in Act-I...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12214
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Both metformin and acarbose are recommended monotherapy and add-on therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A fixed-dose combination (FDC) of acarbose and metformin has been developed to reduce pill burden and potentially improve compliance. The current study investigated the bioequivalen...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12166
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Pain management for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is challenging. When added to local anaesthetics, dexmedetomidine prolongs the duration of the block and improves analgesia. The effect of long-term dexmedetomidine use in the brachial plexus block (BPB) for CRPS is unknown. CASE DES...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13063
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:In order to improve public health, it is necessary to facilitate patients' easy access to affordable high-quality primary health care, and one enhanced approach to do so may be to provide primary healthcare services in the community pharmacy setting. Discrete choice experiments to evaluate p...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12574
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Carbamazepine is a potent inducer of cytochrome P450 3A and P-glycoprotein. However, there are no reports of the effects of carbamazepine on more than one co-administered drug. CASE SUMMARY:A 53-year-old female patient with schizophrenia and hypertension was on paliperidone 12 mg/day and am...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12286
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flurbiprofen is a propionic acid-derived non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used widely in the treatment of rheumatism and non-arthritic pain. The pharmacokinetics of topically and orally administered flurbiprofen were compared in a two-part, open study involving healthy adult volunteers. In the first (cross...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1995.tb00636.x
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An imbalance of oxidative-antioxidant defence mechanism has been proposed in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Co-administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) which has a strong antioxidant activity may produce a satisfactory therapeutic outcome when added to standard therapy. We report a case of a 46-year-old lupus ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01108.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To dose the anticonvulsant phenytoin (PHT) in a clinical situation is difficult because of the non-linear metabolism of the drug. Therefore many techniques have been advocated to aid dosage adjustments based on a single-point PHT concentration determined at steady-state (ss). We retrospectively investigated six method...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1988.tb00196.x
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Low levels of serum triiodothyronine (T3) are a strong predictor of mortality and poor prognosis in critical care patients. Few reports, however, have focused on neurocritical patients. The application of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in the treatment of neurocritical patients with low T...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.13162
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Some studies have indicated that over-reliance on inhaled bronchodilator (beta 2-agonist) therapy may worsen asthma control and increase morbidity. The aim of this study was to measure urinary concentrations of salbutamol, the most commonly used bronchodilator, in a relatively large sample of asthmatic patients and...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1997.tb00005.x
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mean values and standard deviations are reported for theophylline plasma clearance in 45 hospitalized geriatric patients (age greater than 65 years), distributed into two groups: Group I (n = 24) included critically ill patients admitted to the ICU on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Group II (n = 21) included patien...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1990.tb00385.x
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study involved the mixing of 1:1 combinations of Bactroban (mupirocin) Ointment 2% with various cream, lotion, ointment, gel, solution and liquid soap formulations with storage at 37 degrees C for 60 days. The mixtures were assayed for mupirocin content at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days using a high-pressure liquid ch...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1992.tb01290.x
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Lemierre's syndrome is often misdiagnosed as a common cold or viral infection. Fusobacterium necrophorum is the most common causative organism. The recommended treatment regimen is 6 weeks of a beta-lactam antibiotic along with metronidazole. CASE DESCRIPTION:We present two cases of Lemierr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12774
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the usefulness of dynamic laser scattering for monitoring the stability of ampicillin after reconstitution from commercially available vials with respect to the polymer formation and potency. METHODS:Polymer formation and the remaining potency of the reconstituted ampicillin solution were estimated...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2002.00397.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the serum vitamin E (total tocopherol) levels in patients with breast cancer (n = 100) and healthy controls (n = 70) were measured. The mean values for vitamin E were found to be 0.44 mg/100 ml in breast cancer patients and 1.108 mg/100 ml in controls. In the statistical evaluation, the vitamin E levels...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1995.tb00645.x
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN:The increased risk of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients has been related to numerous metabolic and haemoreological factors. Some of these factors appear to be particularly evident during the post-prandial phases and to be related to peak plasma glucose level. AIM:To compare the effect of additio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01132.x
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::When assessing a health-care intervention the main question is--does it work? Often, a more difficult question needs to be answered--how well does it work? Systematic reviews and meta-analyses help to provide answers to both questions. Too often though, the results are expressed in a way that leaves the reader asking,...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.1996.89275892.x
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To probe the pharmacokinetic basis for the use of levofloxacin for complicated skin and skin-structure infections (SSSIs) at a once-daily dosage of 750 mg by investigating its penetration into skin tissue. METHOD:Ten healthy volunteers were administered three oral, once-daily 750 mg doses of levofloxacin, an...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2710.2002.00396.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Therapeutic effects of anti-VEGF agents, corticosteroids and laser therapy have been previously examined for treating macular oedema secondary to branch and central retinal vein occlusion (BRVO and CRVO). However, anti-VEGF efficacy has not been previously compared to corticosteroid or laser...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12551
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::When designing studies of the optimal use of antimicrobial drugs, it is important to define at an early stage, which outcome parameters to use. It must be clear to which category a parameter to be measured belongs: the structure, the process or a clinical outcome. Attention must be paid to the measurement scales as we...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.0269-4727.2003.00518.x
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Ceftriaxone-associated urolithiasis and post-renal acute renal failure (PARF) in adults is exceedingly rare and perhaps underappreciated. We report one such case to increase appreciation of this risk ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12358
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Chemotherapy can increase treatment-related mortality associated with future haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). There is usually insufficient time to find a suitable unrelated donor for these patients. We repor...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12251
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE:Baking soda is a common household product promoted by the manufacturer as an antacid. It contains sodium bicarbonate and has the potential for significant toxicity when ingested in excessive amounts. Characterizing the patterns and outcomes from the misuse of baking soda as a home remedy can...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jcpt.12113
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nephrotoxicity is less common than hepatotoxicity in paracetamol overdose but renal tubular damage and acute renal failure occur even in the absence of hepatotoxicity. It is possible that antidotal therapy with agents such as N-acetylcysteine may not prevent renal toxicity and, indeed, on the basis of animal work, may...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.1993.tb00560.x
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00