Non-suicidal reasons for self-harm: A systematic review of self-reported accounts.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Self-harm is a major public health problem yet current healthcare provision is widely regarded as inadequate. One of the barriers to effective healthcare is the lack of a clear understanding of the functions self-harm may serve for the individual. The aim of this review is to identify first-hand accounts of the reasons for self-harm from the individual's perspective. METHOD:A systematic review of the literature reporting first-hand accounts of the reasons for self-harm other than intent to die. A thematic analysis and 'best fit' framework synthesis was undertaken to classify the responses. RESULTS:The most widely researched non-suicidal reasons for self-harm were dealing with distress and exerting interpersonal influence. However, many first-hand accounts included reasons such as self-validation, and self-harm to achieve a personal sense of mastery, which suggests individuals thought there were positive or adaptive functions of the act not based only on its social effects. LIMITATIONS:Associations with different sub-population characteristics or with the method of harm were not available from most studies included in the analysis. CONCLUSIONS:Our review identified a number of themes that are relatively neglected in discussions about self-harm, which we summarised as self-harm as a positiveexperience and defining the self. These self-reported "positive" reasons may be important in understanding and responding especially to repeated acts of self-harm.

journal_name

J Affect Disord

authors

Edmondson AJ,Brennan CA,House AO

doi

10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.043

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-02-01 00:00:00

pages

109-17

eissn

0165-0327

issn

1573-2517

pii

S0165-0327(15)30748-5

journal_volume

191

pub_type

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