Abstract：
:Predicting future events based on previous knowledge about the environment is critical for successful everyday interactions. Here, we ask which brain regions support our ability to predict the future based on implicit knowledge about the past in young and older age. Combining behavioral and fMRI measurements, we test whether training on structured temporal sequences improves the ability to predict upcoming sensory events; we then compare brain regions involved in learning predictive structures between young and older adults. Our behavioral results demonstrate that exposure to temporal sequences without feedback facilitates the ability of young and older adults to predict the orientation of an upcoming stimulus. Our fMRI results provide evidence for the involvement of corticostriatal regions in learning predictive structures in both young and older learners. In particular, we showed learning-dependent fMRI responses for structured sequences in frontoparietal regions and the striatum (putamen) for young adults. However, for older adults, learning-dependent activations were observed mainly in subcortical (putamen, thalamus) regions but were weaker in frontoparietal regions. Significant correlations of learning-dependent behavioral and fMRI changes in these regions suggest a strong link between brain activations and behavioral improvement rather than general overactivation. Thus, our findings suggest that predicting future events based on knowledge of temporal statistics engages brain regions involved in implicit learning in both young and older adults.
journal_name
J Cogn Neuroscijournal_title
Journal of cognitive neuroscienceauthors
Luft CD,Baker R,Goldstone A,Zhang Y,Kourtzi Zdoi
10.1162/jocn_a_00907subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-03-01 00:00:00pages
418-32issue
3eissn
0898-929Xissn
1530-8898pii
10.1162/jocn_a_00907journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:After few seconds, a figure steadily presented in peripheral vision becomes perceptually filled-in by its background, as if it "disappeared". We report that directing attention to the color, shape, or location of a figure increased the probability of perceiving filling-in compared to unattended figures, without modify...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892906775990561
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extant research has examined the process of decision making under uncertainty, specifically in situations of ambiguity. However, much of this work has been conducted in the context of semantic and low-level visual processing. An open question is whether ambiguity in social signals (e.g., emotional facial expressions) ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00363
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numbers are known to be processed along the left and right intraparietal sulcus. The present study investigated hemispheric differences between the magnitude representation of small and large symbolic numbers. To this purpose, an fMRI adaptation paradigm was used, where the continuous presentation of a habituation num...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2010.21445
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this article we report some findings about visual imagery in patients with stable homonymous hemianopia compared to healthy control subjects. These findings were obtained by analyzing the gaze control through recording of eye movements in different phases of viewing and imagery. We used six different visual stimuli...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892901753165782
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although much evidence indicates that RT increases as a function of computational load in many cognitive tasks, quantification of changes in neural activity related to increasing demand of cognitive control has rarely been attempted. In this fMRI study, we used a majority function task to quantify the effect of comput...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00554
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Embodied theories hold that cognitive concepts are grounded in our sensorimotor systems. Specifically, a number of behavioral and neuroimaging studies have buttressed the idea that language concepts are represented in areas involved in perception and action [Pulvermueller, F. Brain mechanisms linking language and acti...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00264
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A reliable observation in neuroimaging studies of cognitive control is the response of dorsal ACC (dACC) to events that demand increased cognitive control (e.g., response conflicts and performance errors). This observation is apparently at odds with a comparably reliable association of the dACC with the subjective exp...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00242
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been shown to respond to conflict between simultaneously active, incompatible response tendencies. This area is active during high-conflict correct trials and also when participants make errors. Here, we use the temporal resolution of high-density event-related potentials (ERPs)...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/08989290260045837
更新日期：2002-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Several event-related potential (ERP) studies in second language (L2) processing have revealed a differential vulnerability of syntax-related ERP effects in contrast to purely semantic ERP effects. However, it is still debated to what extent a potential critical period for L2 acquisition, as opposed to the attained pr...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1162/0898929055002463
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Events that violate predictions are thought to not only modulate activity within the hippocampus and PFC but also enhance communication between the two regions. Scalp and intracranial EEG studies have shown that oscillations in the theta frequency band are enhanced during processing of contextually unexpected informat...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01302
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New theories of monitoring in language production, regardless of their mechanistic differences, all posit monitoring mechanisms that share general computational principles with action monitoring. This perspective, if accurate, would predict that many electrophysiological signatures of performance monitoring should be ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01500
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abstract This paper describes the current state of our exploration of how motor program concepts may be related to neural mechanisms. We have proposed a model of sensorimotor networks with architectures inspired by the anatomy and physiology of the cerebellum and its interconnections with the red nucleus and the motor...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1993.5.1.56
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is substantial evidence that object representations in adults are dynamically updated by learning. However, it is not clear to what extent these effects are induced by active processing of visual objects in a particular task context on top of the effects of mere exposure to the same objects. Here we show that th...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21089
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The perceptual organization of pitch is frequently described as helical, with a monotonic dimension of pitch height and a circular dimension of pitch chroma, accounting for the repeating structure of the octave. Although the neural representation of pitch height is widely studied, the way in which pitch chroma represe...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01374
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impaired retrieval of conceptual knowledge for actions has been associated with lesions of left premotor, left parietal, and left middle temporal areas [Tranel, D., Kemmerer, D., Adolphs, R., Damasio, H., & Damasio, A. R. Neural correlates of conceptual knowledge for actions. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 409-432, 2003]....
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2007.19.6.1004
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) method was used to study the effect of working memory processing on local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) in the diencephalon of the rhesus monkey. Monkeys were given [(14)C]2-DG while performing either one of three tasks that engaged working memory (WORK group) or one of two control task...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1990.2.1.18
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current computational and neuroscientific models of decision-making posit a discrete, serial processing distinction between upstream decisional stages and downstream processes of motor-response implementation. We investigated this framework in the context of two-alternative forced-choice tasks on linguistic stimuli, w...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01606
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conscious behavioral intentions can frequently fail under conditions of attentional depletion. In attempting to trace the cognitive origin of this effect, we hypothesized that failures of action control--specifically, oculomotor movement--can result from the imposition of fronto-executive load. To evaluate this predic...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892902317205357
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Müller-Lyer illusion occurs both in vision and in touch, and transfers cross-modally from vision to haptics [Mancini, F., Bricolo, E., & Vallar, G. Multisensory integration in the Müller-Lyer illusion: From vision to haptics. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63, 818-830, 2010]. Recent evidence suggest...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2010.21561
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction between auditory and visual speech streams is a seamless and surprisingly effective process. An intriguing example is the "McGurk effect": The acoustic syllable /ba/ presented simultaneously with a mouth articulating /ga/ is typically heard as /da/ [McGurk, H., & MacDonald, J. Hearing lips and seeing v...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2008.20152
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognition and behavior emerge from brain network interactions, suggesting that causal interactions should be central to the study of brain function. Yet, approaches that characterize relationships among neural time series-functional connectivity (FC) methods-are dominated by methods that assess bivariate statistical a...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01580
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prospective memory (PM) refers to the cognitive processes associated with remembering to perform an intended action after a delay. Varying the salience of PM cues while keeping the intended response constant, we investigated the extent to which participants relied on strategic monitoring, through sustained, top-down c...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01604
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The processing of auditory spatial information in cortical areas of the human brain outside of the primary auditory cortex remains poorly understood. Here we investigated the role of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the occipital cortex (OC) in spatial hearing using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892904970834
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe capacity limits, closely associated with fluid intelligence, arise in learning and use of new task rules. We used fMRI to investigate these limits in a series of multirule tasks involving different stimuli, rules, and response keys. Data were analyzed both during presentation of instructions and during later ta...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2010.21439
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coordinated studies of adults, infants, and nonhuman animals provide evidence for two systems of nonverbal number representation: a "parallel individuation" system that represents individual items and a "numerical magnitude" system that represents the approximate cardinal value of a group. However, there is considerab...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2010.21581
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the amygdala's role in processing facial expressions of fear has been well established, its role in the processing of other emotions is unclear. In particular, evidence for the amygdala's involvement in processing expressions of happiness and sadness remains controversial. To clarify this issue, we constructe...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892904322926782
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to generate and process semantic relations is central to many aspects of human cognition. Theorists have long debated whether such relations are coarsely coded as links in a semantic network or finely coded as distributed patterns over some core set of abstract relations. The form and content of the concep...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01620
更新日期：2020-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Although brain changes associated with the acquisition of cognitive abilities in early childhood involve increasing localized specialization, little is known about the brain changes associated with the refinement of existing cognitive abilities that reach maturity in adolescence. The goal of this study was to investig...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2006.18.7.1045
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive research shows that people typically remember actions they perform better than those that they only watch or imagine doing, but also at times misremember doing actions they merely imagined or planned to do (source memory errors). Neural research suggests some overlap between brain regions engaged during acti...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892902317361921
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well documented that providing advanced information regarding the spatial location of a target stimulus (i.e., spatial anticipation) or its timing of occurrence (i.e., temporal anticipation) influences reach preparation, reducing RTs. Yet, it remains unknown whether the RT gains attributable to temporal and spat...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01547
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
