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Depression, fatigue and neurocognitive deficits in chronic hepatitis C.

Abstract：

:Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection experience a range of symptoms including depression, fatigue and neurocognitive deficits, impairing quality of life. Depression, in particular, may be reactive to increased psychosocial stress, and the physical symptoms of advanced HCV or associated comorbidities. However, even patients at an early stage of HCV infection, with minimal hepatic inflammation or comorbidities, report more depressive symptoms and fatigue than the general population. Similarly, specific neurocognitive deficits occur in early stage HCV infection and are independent of the presence of depression or encephalopathy. Therefore, intracerebral neurobiological changes associated with HCV may potentially explain these symptoms. These changes may arise from infiltration of the brain by peripherally induced cytokines, as well as direct neuropathic effects of HCV viral particles penetrating the blood-brain barrier. These phenomena parallel those reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HCV-associated intracerebral changes include upregulated inflammatory responses, altered neurotransmitter levels, hormonal dysregulation, and release of neurotoxic substances. These may subsequently lead to abnormal neuronal conduction and function in areas of the brain governing affective responses, emotional processing, motivation, attention and concentration. Although direct-acting antiviral medications lead to high rates of HCV clearance, intracerebral changes may not be subsequently reversed and symptoms of depression, fatigue and neurocognitive deficits may persist. There is an ongoing role for multidisciplinary care and pharmacotherapy to manage these symptoms in HCV patients. Furthermore, there may be opportunities for future therapies to specifically target and ameliorate HCV-associated intracerebral changes.

journal_name

Hepatol Int

journal_title

Hepatology international

authors

Yeoh SW,Holmes ACN,Saling MM,Everall IP,Nicoll AJ

doi

10.1007/s12072-018-9879-5

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-07-01 00:00:00

pages

294-304

issue

4

eissn

1936-0533

issn

1936-0541

pii

10.1007/s12072-018-9879-5

journal_volume

12

pub_type

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