[Examination of sex chromosome abnormalities in childhood].

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:Early diagnosis of sex chromosome abnormalities is important because of prevention, family planning and optimal therapy. AIM:Investigation of the relationship between phenotype, age at time of diagnosis and therapeutic options in sex chromosome aberrations. METHOD:Processing data of 51 children with sex chromosome abnormalities who were diagnosed between 2009 and 2014 and examined at the 2nd. Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, by the methods of anamnesis, family tree analysis, physical examination, karyotype analysis and fluorescent in situ hybridisation. RESULTS:41% of the patients were diagnosed with Turner-, 18% with Klinefelter-, 10% with double-Y-, 6% with triple- and poly-X-syndrome, 19% with other gonadal dysgenesis and 6% with other abnormality. The average age at diagnosis: Turner- and Klinefelter-syndrome 10 years, other gonadal dysgenesis 9 years, 46,XX,t(X;10) 17 years, other abnormalities 1-2 years. CONCLUSIONS:Numerical aberrations of the sex chromosomes are more common than structural aberrations. Klinefelter-, triple- and poly-X-syndromes are underdiagnosed in childhood. Early diagnosis of Turner-syndrome and other gonadal dysgenesis is necessary to optimise therapy and prevent associated diseases. This can be achieved by modern prenatal diagnostic methods and targeted activity of family pediatricians. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(27): 1121-1128. :Absztrakt: Bevezetés: A nemi kromoszóma-rendellenességek időben történő diagnózisa a prevenció, a családtervezés és a megfelelő kezelés érdekében egyaránt fontos. Célkitűzés: A nemi kromoszómaaberrációkkal kapcsolatos fenotípus, a diagnóziskori életkor és a terápiás lehetőségek közötti összefüggések tanulmányozása. Módszer: A Semmelweis Egyetem II. számú Gyermekgyógyászati Klinikájának citogenetikai szakrendelésén 2009 és 2014 között az anamnézis, családfaelemzés, fizikális vizsgálat, kariotipizálás és fluoreszcens in situ hibridizáció módszerével vizsgált és nemi kromoszóma-rendellenességgel diagnosztizált 51 gyermek adatainak feldolgozása. Eredmények: 41%-ban Turner-, 18%-ban Klinefelter-, 10%-ban dupla-Y-, 6%-ban tripla- és poli-X-szindrómát, 19%-ban egyéb gonáddiszgenezist, 6%-ban más rendellenességet azonosítottunk. A diagnóziskori átlagéletkor: Turner- és Klinefelter-szindróma 10 év, egyéb gonáddiszgenezisek 9 év, 46,XX,t(X;10) 17 év, a többi eltérés esetében 1–2 év. Következtetések: A nemi kromoszómák numerikus aberrációi gyakoribbak a strukturális rendellenességekhez képest. A Klinefelter-, a tripla- és a poli-X-szindróma gyermekkorban aluldiagnosztizált. A Turner-szindróma és az egyéb gonáddiszgenezisek esetében az optimális terápia és a társuló kórképek prevenciója érdekében korábbi diagnózis szükséges. Ebben a korszerű praenatalis diagnosztikai módszerek és a házi gyermekorvosok ilyen irányú aktivitása segíthet. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(27): 1121–1128.

journal_name

Orv Hetil

journal_title

Orvosi hetilap

authors

Pinti É,Lengyel A,Sallai Á,Fekete G,Haltrich I

doi

10.1556/650.2018.31081

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-07-01 00:00:00

pages

1121-1128

issue

27

eissn

0030-6002

issn

1788-6120

journal_volume

159

pub_type

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