Abstract:
:Objective: Genetic variation, especially polymorphism of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4), has been linked to deficits in self-regulation and executive functions and to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and is related to the structural and functional integrity of the default mode network (DMN), the executive control network (ECN) and the sensorimotor network (SMN). The aim of this study was to explore the effects of the 2-repeat allele of the DRD4 gene on brain network connectivity and behaviors in children with ADHD. Methods: Using independent component analysis (ICA) and dimension analyses, we examined resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data obtained from 52 Asian medicine-naive children with ADHD (33 2-repeat absent and 19 2-repeat present). Results: We found that individuals with 2-repeat absent demonstrated increased within-network connectivity in the right precuneus of the DMN, the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) of the SMN compared with individuals with 2-repeat present. Within the ECN, 2-repeat absent showed decreased within-network connectivity in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the left anterior cingulate cortex. A deeper study found that connectivity strength of the left IFG was directly proportional to the Stroop reaction time in 2-repeat absent group, and as well as the right MFG in 2-repeat present group. Conclusion: Polymorphisms of the DRD4 gene, specifically 2-repeat allele, had effects on the ECN, the SMN and the DMN, especially in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) circles. ADHD children with DRD4 2-repeat allele have aberrant resting-state within-network connectivity patterns in the left IFG and the right MFG related to dysfunction in inattention symptom. This study provided novel insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the effects of DRD4 2-repeat allele on ADHD.
journal_name
Front Hum Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in human neuroscienceauthors
Qian A,Tao J,Wang X,Liu H,Ji L,Yang C,Ye Q,Chen C,Li J,Cheng J,Wang M,Zhao Kdoi
10.3389/fnhum.2018.00279subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-07-12 00:00:00pages
279issn
1662-5161journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Gamma oscillations in neocortex are hypothesized to improve information transmission between groups of neurons. We recently showed that optogenetic drive of fast-spiking interneurons (FS) at 40 Hz in mouse neocortex in vivo modulates the spike count and precision of sensory evoked responses. At specific phases of alig...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2010.00185
更新日期:2010-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::To date, feminist approaches to neurosciences have evaluated the debates surrounding practices of knowledge production within and research results of contemporary brain research. Consequently, neurofeminist scholars have critically examined gendered impacts of neuroscientific research. Feminist neuroscientists also de...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00546
更新日期:2014-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous cognitive studies have demonstrated experience-induced plasticity in the primary sensory cortex, indicating that repeated decisions could modulate sensory processing. In this context, we investigated whether an auditory version of the monetary incentive delay (MID) task could change the neural processing of t...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00382
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electroencephalography based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) show promise of providing an alternative communication channel between the brain and an external device. It is well acknowledged that BCI control is a skill and could be improved through practice and training. In this study, we explore the change of BCI beh...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00128
更新日期:2019-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Several observations suggest that overlearned ordinal categories (e.g., letters, numbers, weekdays, months) are processed differently than non-ordinal categories in the brain. In synesthesia, for example, anomalous perceptual experiences are most often triggered by members of ordinal categories (Rich et al., 2005; Eag...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00328
更新日期:2012-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Extracranial signals are the main source of noise in functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as light is penetrating the cortex but also skin and muscles of the head. Aim: Here we performed three experiments to investigate the contamination of fNIRS measurements by temporal muscle activity. Material ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00456
更新日期:2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) mitigates the brain's atrophy typically associated with aging, via a variety of beneficial mechanisms. One could argue that if CRF is generally counteracting the negative effects of aging, the same regions that display the greatest age-related volumetric loss...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00286
更新日期:2016-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory feedback is critical for motor learning, and thus to neurorehabilitation after stroke. Whether enhancing sensory feedback by applying excitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the ipsilesional primary sensory cortex (IL-S1) might enhance motor learning in chronic stroke has yet to be ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00143
更新日期:2014-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Face processing involves a complex, multimodal brain network. While visual-perceptual face patches in posterior parts of the brain have been studied for over a decade, the existence and properties of face-selective regions in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a relatively new area of research. While regions of OFC are imp...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00279
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this research is to test the potential for neuroadaptive automation to improve response speed to a hazardous event by using a brain-computer interface (BCI) to decode perceptual-motor intention. Seven participants underwent four experimental sessions while measuring brain activity with magnetoencephalograp...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00187
更新日期:2016-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a communication system that allows the use of brain activity to control computers or other external devices. It can, by bypassing the peripheral nervous system, provide a means of communication for people suffering from severe motor disabilities or in a persistent vegetative state. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00003
更新日期:2015-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to detect small changes in one's visual environment is important for effective adaptation to and interaction with a wide variety of external stimuli. Much research has studied the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN), or the brain's automatic response to rare changes in a series of repetitive auditory stimul...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00922
更新日期:2013-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::The perseverative cognition hypothesis (PCH) posits that perseveration, defined as the repetitive or sustained activation of cognitive representations of a real or imagined stressor, is a primary mechanism linking psychological (or stress) vulnerability with poor health and disease. Resting vagally mediated heart rate...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00520
更新日期:2017-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::The human brain uses acoustic cues to decompose complex auditory scenes into its components. For instance to improve communication, a listener can select an individual "stream," such as a talker in a crowded room, based on cues such as pitch or location. Despite numerous investigations into auditory streaming, few hav...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00158
更新日期:2012-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate estimates of the time-to-contact (TTC) of approaching objects are crucial for survival. We used an ecologically valid driving simulation to compare and contrast the neural substrates of egocentric (head-on approach) and allocentric (lateral approach) TTC tasks in a fully factorial, event-related fMRI design. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/neuro.09.010.2008
更新日期:2008-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed how synchronous speech listening and lipreading affects speech recognition in acoustic noise. In simple audiovisual perceptual tasks, inverse effectiveness is often observed, which holds that the weaker the unimodal stimuli, or the poorer their signal-to-noise ratio, the stronger the audiovisual benefit. S...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00335
更新日期:2019-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we investigated the combined effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and an intensive Conversational therapy treatment on discourse skills in 12 persons with chronic aphasia. Six short video clips depicting everyday life contexts were prepared. Three videoclips were used to elicit spont...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00539
更新日期:2013-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) community has focused the majority of its research efforts on signal processing and machine learning, mostly neglecting the human in the loop. Guiding users on how to use a BCI is crucial in order to teach them to produce stable brain patterns. In this work, we explore the instructions a...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00396
更新日期:2017-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have shown that observing an action induces activity in the onlooker's motor system. In light of the muscle specificity and time-locked mirroring nature of the effect, this motor resonance has been traditionally viewed as an inner automatic replica of the observed moveme...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00332
更新日期:2019-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Objective measurement of concomitant finger motor performance is recommended for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies investigating brain activity during finger tapping tasks, because performance modality and ability can influence the selection of different neural networks. In this study, we present a ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00503
更新日期:2015-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::The prospect of enhancing cognition is undoubtedly among the most exciting research questions currently bridging psychology, neuroscience, and evidence-based medicine. Yet, convincing claims in this line of work stem from designs that are prone to several shortcomings, thus threatening the credibility of training-indu...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00153
更新日期:2016-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated changes in cortical oxygenation during mental arithmetic using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Twenty-nine male volunteers were examined using a 52-channel continuous wave system for analyzing activity in prefrontal areas. With the help of a probabilistic mapping method, three regions...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00217
更新日期:2013-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is increasing in the last decades, also in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Even though it has been established that an increase in weight can have important negative effects on gait in healthy adults and children, it has not been investigated what the effect is of ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00657
更新日期:2016-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Visual contours often result from the integration or interpolation of fragmented edges. The strength of the completion increases when the edges share the same contrast polarity (CP). Here we demonstrate that the appearance in the perceptual field of this integrated unit, or contour of invariant CP, is concomitant with...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00841
更新日期:2014-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::The perceptual localization of an object is often more prone to illusions than an immediate visuomotor action towards that object. The induced Roelofs effect (IRE) probes the illusory influence of task-irrelevant visual contextual stimuli on the processing of task-relevant visuospatial instructions during movement pre...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00673
更新日期:2014-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Binocular rivalry (BR) is a phenomenon in which visual perception alternates between two different monocular stimuli. There has been a long debate regarding its nature, with a special emphasis on whether low- or high-level mechanisms are involved. Prior adaptation to one of the two monocular stimuli is known to affect...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2011.00187
更新日期:2012-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::There is a strong relationship between sleep and memory for the details of past events. In old age, both episodic memory performance and related neural activity decline. These changes occur in parallel to age-related decreases in sleep quality. Thus, poor sleep quality may be an explanatory factor for poor memory in o...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00176
更新日期:2019-06-04 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to determine differences in spinal motoneuron dysfunction between the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients based on studying F-waves. Forty ALS patients and 20 normal controls (NCs) underwent motor nerve conduction studies ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00099
更新日期:2016-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::Prior research suggests that acoustical degradation impacts encoding of items into memory, especially in elderly subjects. We here aimed to investigate whether acoustically degraded items that are initially encoded into memory are more prone to forgetting as a function of age. Young and old participants were tested wi...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00473
更新日期:2016-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research shows that people can use a cue to mentally prepare for a cognitive challenge. The response to a cue has been defined as phasic alertness which is reflected in faster responses and increased activity in frontal, parietal, thalamic, and visual brain regions. We examine if and how phasic alertness can ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00286
更新日期:2019-08-28 00:00:00