Abstract:
:Subfornical organ (SFO) neurons exhibit heterogeneity in current expression and spiking behavior, where the two major spiking phenotypes appear as tonic and burst firing. Insight into the mechanisms behind this heterogeneity is critical for understanding how the SFO, a sensory circumventricular organ, integrates and selectively influences physiological function. To integrate efficient methods for studying this heterogeneity, we built a single-compartment, Hodgkin-Huxley-type model of an SFO neuron that is parameterized by SFO-specific in vitro patch-clamp data. The model accounts for the membrane potential distribution and spike train variability of both tonic and burst firing SFO neurons. Analysis of model dynamics confirms that a persistent Na+ and Ca2+ currents are required for burst initiation and maintenance and suggests that a slow-activating K+ current may be responsible for burst termination in SFO neurons. Additionally, the model suggests that heterogeneity in current expression and subsequent influence on spike afterpotential underlie the behavioral differences between tonic and burst firing SFO neurons. Future use of this model in coordination with single neuron patch-clamp electrophysiology provides a platform for explaining and predicting the response of SFO neurons to various combinations of circulating signals, thus elucidating the mechanisms underlying physiological signal integration within the SFO. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our understanding of how the subfornical organ (SFO) selectively influences autonomic nervous system function remains incomplete but theoretically results from the electrical responses of SFO neurons to physiologically important signals. We have built a computational model of SFO neurons, derived from and supported by experimental data, which explains how SFO neurons produce different electrical patterns. The model provides an efficient system to theoretically and experimentally explore how changes in the essential features of SFO neurons affect their electrical activity.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Medlock L,Shute L,Fry M,Standage D,Ferguson AVdoi
10.1152/jn.00340.2018subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-11-01 00:00:00pages
2269-2281issue
5eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
120pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. Fifty-nine rubromotoneuronal (RM) cells were identified in two rhesus monkeys on the basis of their postspike facilitation (PSpF) of rectified electromyographic (EMG) activity. These cells were studied in relation to a step tracking task requiring wrist movements between fixed target zones in flexion and extension....
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.72.1.14
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The deep piriform region has an unusually high seizure susceptibility. Voltage imaging previously located the sites of epileptiform discharge onset in slices of rat piriform cortex and revealed the spatiotemporal pattern of development of two types of electrical activity during the latent period prior to discharge ons...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.2.1088
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To gain further insight into the neural mechanisms for different forms of quadrupedal walking, data on postural orientation, hindlimb kinematics, and motor patterns were assessed for four grades of downslope walking, from 25% (14 degrees slope) to 100% (45 degrees), and compared with data from level and downslope walk...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.4.1702
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study considers the possibility of using coherence analysis for detection and measurement of synchrony (correlations) in large neural populations, applied to activities that are relatively easy to record in parallel. Mathematical analysis and computer simulations are used to examine the behavior of the coherence ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.6.3453
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considerable evidence suggests that brain stem pedunculopontine tegmentum (PPT) cholinergic cells are critically involved in the normal regulation of wakefulness and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. However, much of this evidence comes from indirect studies. Thus, although involvement of PPT cholinergic neurons has bee...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.6.2975
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common neurological disorders causing memory reduction, particularly short-term memory (STM). We showed that, during TBI-induced inflammation, increased blood content of fibrinogen (Fg) enhanced vascular protein transcytosis and deposition of extravasated Fg in vasculo-a...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00224.2020
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypocretin-1 and -2 (Hcrt-1 and -2, also called orexin-A and -B) are newly identified neuropeptides synthesized by hypothalamic neurons. Defects in the Hcrt system underlie the sleep disorder narcolepsy, which is characterized by sleep fragmentation and the involuntary loss of muscle tone called cataplexy. Hcrt neuron...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00968.2002
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventromedial medulla is implicated in a variety of functions including nociceptive and cardiovascular modulation and the control of thermoregulation. To determine whether single microinjections into the ventromedial medulla elicit changes in one or multiple functional systems, the GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuc...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00089.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The functional role of sensory input to the motor cortex was studied by interrupting two major input pathways. One was the dorsal column, which sends the input directly through the thalamus to the motor cortex, and the other was the sensory cortex, which transfers its input through association fibers. Removal of the s...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1984.52.2.212
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhythm generation by the gastric motor network in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the lobster Homarus gammarus is controlled by modulatory projection neurons from rostral commissural ganglia (CoGs); blocking action potential conduction in these inputs to the STG of a stomatogastric nervous system in vitro rapidly...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.5.2776
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular recordings were made from rhythm-generating interneurons in the Lymnaea feeding system. The feeding pattern is a three-phase rhythm of interneuronal activity (N1, N2, N3) corresponding to protraction, rasp, and swallow. We describe the firing pattern and anatomy of the premotor interneurons, each of whic...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.54.6.1396
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the eye movements evoked by applying small amounts of current (2-50 microA) within the oculomotor vermis of two monkeys. We first compared the eye movements evoked by microstimulation applied either during maintained pursuit or during fixation. Smooth, pursuitlike changes in eye velocity caused by the micro...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.4.2046
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) receives a dense serotonergic innervation that modulates photic input to the SCN via serotonin 1B (5-HT1B) presynaptic receptors on retinal glutamatergic terminals. However, the majority of 5-HT1B binding sites in the SCN are located on nonretinal terminals and most axonal terminals i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00770.2004
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The effects of D-O-phosphoserine (DOS) were examined on proximal neurons in the superfused mudpuppy retinal-eyecup preparation by measuring their synaptically evoked whole-cell currents with the use of patch-clamp electrodes. 2. DOS reduced the light-evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) of amacrine and...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1989.62.2.495
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A 16-channel electrode array was used to record simultaneously extracellular laminar field potentials evoked by displacement of contralateral vibrissa from vibrissa/barrel cortex in five rats. Current source-density (CSD) analysis combined with principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the time cours...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.63.4.832
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interpretation of hemodynamic responses in epilepsy is hampered by an incomplete understanding of the underlying neurovascular coupling, especially the contributions of excitation and inhibition. We made simultaneous multimodal recordings of local field potentials (LFPs), firing of individual neurons, blood flow, and ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00994.2014
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two main types of small eye movements occur during gaze fixation: microsaccades and slow ocular drifts. While microsaccade generation has been relatively well studied, ocular drift control mechanisms are unknown. Here we explored the degree to which monkey smooth eye movements, on the velocity scale of slow ocular dri...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00437.2018
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::While it has been well established that optostatic and optokinetic cues contribute to the perception of vertical, it is unclear how the brain processes their combined presence with the nonvisual vestibular cues. Using a psychometric approach, we examined the percept of vertical in human participants (n = 17) with thei...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00740.2018
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trimming all but two whiskers in adult rats produces a predictable change in cortical cell-evoked responses characterized by increased responsiveness to the two intact whiskers and decreased responsiveness to the trimmed whiskers. This type of synaptic plasticity in rat somatic sensory cortex, called "whisker pairing ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.6.3216
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We charted postnatal changes in the intrinsic electrophysiological properties and synaptic responses of rat intrinsic cardiac ganglion (ICG) neurons. We developed a whole-mount ganglion preparation of the excised right atrial ganglion plexus. Using intracellular recordings and nerve stimulation we tested the hypothesi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01220.2005
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neocortex generates short epochs of persistent activity called up states, which are associated with changes in cellular and network excitability. Using somatosensory thalamocortical slices, we studied the impact of persistent cortical activity during spontaneous up states on intrinsic cellular excitability (input ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00126.2009
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. "Unmasking" of weak synaptic connections has been suggested as a mechanism for the early changes in cortical topographic maps that follow alterations of sensory activity. For such a mechanism to operate, convergent sensory inputs must already exist in the normal cortex. 2. We tested for topographic and cross-modali...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1991.66.3.688
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The physiological basis of flexion spasms in individuals after spinal cord injury (SCI) may involve alterations in the properties of spinal neurons in the flexion reflex pathways. We hypothesize that these changes would be manifested as progressive increases in reflex response with repetitive stimulus application (i.e...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00979.2001
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spike timing reliability of Aplysia motoneurons stimulated by repeated presentation of periodic or aperiodic input currents is investigated. Two properties of the input are varied, the frequency content and the relative amplitude of the fluctuations to the mean (expressed as the coefficient of variation: CV). It i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.3.1427
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The onset of visual activity in the superficial layers of the cat superior colliculus begins abruptly at about 6 days postnatal (DPN), just before natural eye opening. Despite the presence of many inactive sites at this time, the systematic nature of the superior colliculus visuotopy is already evident. The number ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.72.1.266
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::How the CNS masters the many degrees of freedom of the musculoskeletal system to control goal-directed movements is a long-standing question. We have recently provided support to the hypothesis that the CNS relies on a modular control architecture by showing that the phasic muscle patterns for fast reaching movements ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01377.2007
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The McGurk illusion is a prominent example of audiovisual speech perception and the influence that visual stimuli can have on auditory perception. In this illusion, a visual speech stimulus influences the perception of an incongruent auditory stimulus, resulting in a fused novel percept. In this high-density electroen...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00783.2014
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::When a thin plastic test strip of various hardness is placed between the upper and lower teeth during rhythmical jaw movements induced by electrical stimulation of the cortical masticatory area (CMA) in anesthetized rabbits, electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter muscle is facilitated in a hardness-dependent...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.6.2834
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::For human locomotion, varying environments require adjustments of the motor system. We asked whether age affects gait balance recovery adaptation, its retention over months, and the transfer of adaptation to an untrained reactive balance task. Healthy adults (26 young, 27 middle-aged, and 25 older; average ages 24, 52...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00380.2019
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In sensory systems, the thalamus has historically been considered a relay station. Neural representations of temporal modulations in the auditory system undergo considerable changes as they pass from the inferior colliculus (IC) to the auditory cortex. We sought to determine in awake primates the extent to which audit...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00593.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00