Abstract：
:In many cicadas, a phenomenon is observed in which the peak of emergence of males precedes that of females (protandry). Generally, it is known that the ecology of emergence of insects is closely related to mating, and protandry is said to be the strategy of males to eclose early and to attempt mating with virgin females. However, as for the cicadas, males only call females with songs, and as far as the behavior of males is concerned, the necessity of protandry is not felt. Thus, as to cicadas, little is known about the relationship between emergence ecology and mating. Therefore, investigating the temporal distribution of cicada emergence is an important step in considering cicadas mating, and even the evolution of mating system. Unfortunately, it is known that cicadas have a very long lifetime and are known to be difficult to keep, so it is meaningful to predict results mathematically. In this paper, we investigate the influence of male and female emergence spreading in appearance period on the mating rate by using mathematical (stochastic) model. Furthermore, we propose a new mathematical virtual model and try to explain the results that mating rate depends on sexual difference and variance of eclosion date.
journal_name
Math Bioscijournal_title
Mathematical biosciencesauthors
Saisho Ydoi
10.1016/j.mbs.2018.08.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-11-01 00:00:00pages
55-59eissn
0025-5564issn
1879-3134pii
S0025-5564(18)30118-4journal_volume
305pub_type
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