Abstract:
:Humans use cognitive shortcuts, or heuristics, to quickly assess and respond to situations and data. When applied inappropriately, heuristics have the potential to redirect analysis of available information in consistent ways, creating systematic biases resulting in decision errors. Heuristics have greater effect in high-pressure, high-stakes decisions, particularly when dealing with incomplete information, in other words, daily medical and surgical practice. This article discusses 2 major categories: cognitive biases, which affect how we perceive and interpret clinical data; and implicit biases, which affect how we perceive and respond to other individuals, and also discusses approaches to recognize and alleviate bias effects.
journal_name
Otolaryngol Clin North Amjournal_title
Otolaryngologic clinics of North Americaauthors
Balakrishnan K,Arjmand EMdoi
10.1016/j.otc.2018.08.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-01 00:00:00pages
35-46issue
1eissn
0030-6665issn
1557-8259pii
S0030-6665(18)30171-3journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::CT scanning of the ethmoid sinuses is a significant advancement in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with pathology in this region. It allows for simultaneous and accurate evaluation of fine bony detail as well as subtle soft tissue abnormalities. ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The technique of electrocochleography described, although invasive, has proved to be innocuous in our experience. It provides precise information concerning peripheral auditory activity in response to sound stimulation at frequencies across the audible range. The most valuable application of the technique in clinical ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cochlear implantation has been called a modern miracle and has probably exceeded the expectations of even its most ardent early pioneers. The capabilities of the preprogrammed brain permits patients, within minutes of activation, to appreciate common sounds not heard for many years and within days and weeks to compreh...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70341-8
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abstract::This article provides a concise review of contemporary options for evaluating voice disorders. Focus is given to patient history and patient-derived voice handicap and quality of life assessments, clinician-derived perceptual analysis of voice, and finally flexible and rigid, high-definition laryngoscopy with videostr...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2019.03.002
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abstract::A wide range of reconstructive options allows the ablative surgeon to resect tumors completely with wide margins. Wide resection is especially important because of the rich lymphatic drainage and submucosal spread seen with carcinomas in the hypopharyngeal area. Postoperative stenosis can be a difficult, recurring pro...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(02)00034-8
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abstract::Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) contributes to the development of many otolaryngologic symptoms and conditions, including chronic throat clearing, cough, sore throat, contact ulcer and granuloma, globus pharyngeus, cervical dysphagia, cancer of the larynx, subglottic stenosis, and cricoarytenoid arthritis. Thes...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2013.11.002
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the years, a variety of empirical regimens have evolved using intratympanic gentamicin to treat the vertigo associated with Meniere's disease. Although these regimens have been effective, their application is not without risk. Many of the problems associated with intratympanic medications could be overcome with t...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70192-4
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70265-6
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abstract::This presentation discusses the most valuable way to correlate specific morphologic changes in cochlear otospongiosis with sensorineural hearing loss. Both biochemical and vascular factors may be responsible for the association of far advanced otospongiosis and histopathologic changes. An enzymatic concept of the dise...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salivary gland preservation during treatment for obstructive duct and gland problems is a goal worth pursuing. Difficult cases may seem to be candidates for sialadenectomy. However, progress in endoscopic and open-surgical procedures can help the physician to find solutions that overcome difficult problems without rem...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2009.08.006
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various routes of immunotherapy (injection, intranasal, oral) using lyophilized, aqueous, glycerinated, and modified allergenic extracts have all produced blocking antibodies and symptomatic improvement. No single, empirical predetermined maintenance or optimal dose of allergenic extract right for every patient, can b...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thorough evaluation of a patient presenting with nasal obstruction, including nasal endoscopy and a CT scan when indicated, is recommended to guide proper diagnosis and treatment. The rhinoplasty surgeon should be aware of the differential diagnosis of nasal obstruction and should proceed with thorough evaluation or r...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2009.03.001
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inner ear medical therapy has been gaining increasing popularity during the last 2 decades. Despite the increased use of this therapy,basic questions regarding this type of treatment have not been answered. The authors have used a variety of sustained-release devices in the laboratory to begin to answer some of these ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2004.04.005
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70161-4
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of tympanoplasty performed for noncholesteatomatous chronic otitis in children aged 2 to 14 years are described. The authors report that the stability of hearing was excellent; they found hearing to be equally good in young children and in older children. Tympanic membrane perforation can be closed at any ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors present two case studies on pediatric nasal obstruction that highlight the consequences of a delayed diagnosis and the complexities of managing obstructed lesions in children. ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2009.01.007
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cholesteatomas (epidermoids) of the middle ear appearing medial to a normal tympanic membrane are identified in increasing numbers of young children. The evidence that these lesions are congenital in origin includes the young mean age of presentation, the normal appearance of the middle ear mucosa in almost all cases ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion, with an estimated incidence of 1:360,000 births. Although hematologic complications are the most common manifestation of this disease, cancers, especially of the head and neck, are also prominent. The chromosomal fragility of patients ...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2013.04.002
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abstract::Patients who have cleft lip or palate face significant lifelong communicative and aesthetic challenges and difficulties with deglutition. Management of patients who have orofacial clefting requires an understanding of the anatomy and pathophysiology associated with clefting and the developmental difficulties encounter...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2006.10.011
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journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2012.03.003
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article focuses on the rare and obscure complications of endoscopic sinus surgery. The majority of surgeons will not encounter these complications in their practice, but should be aware of their possibility. With knowledge of these rare complications, the surgeon can understand the possible avoidance as well as u...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2015.05.012
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the risks and potential complications of allogenic blood transfusion (ABT), as well as the expanding population of patients for whom ABT may not be an option, it is important for the treating physician, anesthesiologist, and surgeon to be well-versed in various alternatives. A good grasp of the concepts discusse...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2016.02.008
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The following are our conclusions in regard to glycerol test interpretation based on 60 valve implants: Negative Tests 1. A negative glycerol test result and no audiometric evidence of significant hearing fluctuations indicate that a patient is unlikely to have postoperative hearing that is better than his best preope...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most frequent otolaryngologic diseases encountered. The diagnosis of CRS is made by a wide variety of practitioners, including primary care physicians,physician extenders, pulmonologists, and otolaryngologists. Therefore, an accurate, efficient, and accessible method of makin...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0030-6665(03)00151-8
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cross-sectional imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of the retropharyngeal space (RPS) and the prevertebral space (PVS). Because of their deep location within the neck, lesions arising within these spaces are difficult, if not impossible, to evaluate on clinical examination. This article details the cros...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.otc.2012.08.004
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient seeking emergency treatment for a labyrinthine disorder is usually complaining of dizziness. The task at hand in the emergency room is, first, to rule out the truly life threatening emergent disorders, and then by means of a rapid but adequate history and physical examination to aid in the differentiation be...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endoscope has transformed the way we observe, understand, and treat chronic ear disease. Improved view, exclusive transcanal techniques, assessment of ventilation routes and mastoid tissue preservation have led to decreased morbidity and functional enhancement of minimally invasive reconstruction of the middle ear...
journal_title:Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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