Abstract:
:Procedural skill learning requires iterative comparisons between feedback of self-generated motor output and a goal sensorimotor pattern. In juvenile songbirds, neural representations of both self-generated behaviors (each bird's own immature song) and the goal motor pattern (each bird's adult tutor song) are essential for vocal learning, yet little is known about how these behaviorally relevant stimuli are encoded. We made extracellular recordings during song playback in anesthetized juvenile and adult zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata) in adjacent cortical regions RA (robust nucleus of the arcopallium), AId (dorsal intermediate arcopallium), and RA cup, each of which is well situated to integrate auditory-vocal information: RA is a motor cortical region that drives vocal output, AId is an adjoining cortical region whose projections converge with basal ganglia loops for song learning in the dorsal thalamus, and RA cup surrounds RA and receives inputs from primary and secondary auditory cortex. We found strong developmental differences in neural selectivity within RA, but not in AId or RA cup. Juvenile RA neurons were broadly responsive to multiple songs but preferred juvenile over adult vocal sounds; in addition, spiking responses lacked consistent temporal patterning. By adulthood, RA neurons responded most strongly to each bird's own song with precisely timed spiking activity. In contrast, we observed a complete lack of song responsivity in both juvenile and adult AId, even though this region receives song-responsive inputs. A surprisingly large proportion of sites in RA cup of both juveniles and adults did not respond to song playback, and responsive sites showed little evidence of song selectivity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Motor skill learning entails changes in selectivity for behaviorally relevant stimuli across cortical regions, yet the neural representation of these stimuli remains understudied. We investigated how information important for vocal learning in zebra finches is represented in regions analogous to infragranular layers of motor and auditory cortices during vs. after the developmentally regulated learning period. The results provide insight into how neurons in higher level stages of cortical processing represent stimuli important for motor skill learning.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Yuan RC,Bottjer SWdoi
10.1152/jn.00714.2018subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-01 00:00:00pages
530-548issue
2eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
121pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Human neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies have raised the possibility that different attributes of optic flow stimuli, namely radial direction and the position of the focus of expansion (FOE), are processed within separate cortical areas. In the human brain, visual areas V5/MT+ and V3A have been proposed as in...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00031.2017
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::ACh modulates neuronal activity throughout the cerebral cortex, including the primary visual cortex (V1). However, a number of issues regarding this modulation remain unknown, such as the effect and its function and the receptor subtypes involved. To address these issues, we combined extracellular single-unit recordin...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00330.2011
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The role of the structures of the outer ear in producing monaural and binaural spectral cues to sound location was examined acoustically in the ferret. A probe microphone was introduced across the wall of the external auditory canal and its responses to digitally constructed wideband signals were recorded for a lar...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.71.2.785
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The medial division of the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (VNLLm) contains a specialized population of neurons that is sensitive to interaural temporal disparities (ITDs), a potent cue for sound localization along the azimuth. Unlike many ITD-sensitive neurons elsewhere in the auditory system, neurons in the...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.2.666
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The excitation of lumbar motoneurons by reticulospinal axons traveling in the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) was investigated in the newborn rat using intracellular recordings from lumbar motoneurons in an in vitro preparation of the brain stem and spinal cord. The tracer DiI (1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetra...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.6.2241
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The connectivity of large neurons of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (NRGc) in the medullary reticular formation potentially allows both for the integration of stimuli, in several modalities, that would demand immediate action, and for coordinated activation of cortical and motoric activity. We have simultan...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01122.2009
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated that neurons R3-14 of the Aplysia abdominal ganglia specifically express a gene encoding a 108-amino acid neuropeptide precursor. This precursor is postranslationally processed by cleavage of a signal sequence and two internal dibasic residues resulting in three peptides. The peptide pr...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.57.4.1201
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Intracellular recordings from neostriatal neurons in an in vitro slice preparation of the rat brain were used to analyze the pharmacological sensitivity of the action potential (AP) repolarization and the afterhyperpolarization (AHP) that follows a single action potential. The interspike voltage trajectory and the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1992.68.1.287
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual search is a ubiquitous visual behavior, and efficient search is essential for survival. Different cognitive models have explained the speed and accuracy of search based either on the dynamics of attention or on similarity of item representations. Here, we examined the extent to which performance on a visual sea...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00569.2016
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (DNLL) receives afferent inputs from many brain stem nuclei and, in turn, is a major source of inhibitory inputs to the inferior colliculus (IC). The goal of this study was to characterize the monaural and binaural response properties of neurons in the DNLL of unanesthetized...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00451.2007
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following peripheral nerve injury, moderate daily exercise conducted on a level treadmill results in enhanced axon regeneration and modest improvements in functional recovery. If the exercise is conducted on an upwardly inclined treadmill, even more motor axons regenerate successfully and reinnervate muscle targets. W...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00129.2016
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term synaptic depression (LTD) of cerebellar parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses is a form of use-dependent synaptic plasticity that may be studied in cell culture. One form of LTD is induced postsynaptically through an mGlu1/Ca influx/protein kinase Cα (PKCα) cascade, and its initial expression requires phosph...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00824.2011
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cortical N1 response to balance perturbation is observed in electroencephalography recordings simultaneous to automatic balance-correcting muscle activity. We recently observed larger cortical N1s in individuals who had greater difficulty resisting compensatory steps, suggesting the N1 may be influenced by steppin...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00341.2020
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardiac ganglion (CG) of Homarus americanus is a central pattern generator that consists of two oscillatory groups of neurons: "small cells" (SCs) and "large cells" (LCs). We have shown that SCs and LCs begin their bursts nearly simultaneously but end their bursts at variable phases. This variability contrasts wit...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01010.2012
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is considerable research on the neurobiological mechanisms within the hippocampal system that support spatial navigation. In this article I review the literature on navigational strategies in humans and animals, observations on hippocampal function in navigation, and studies of hippocampal neural activity in ani...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/jn.00005.2017
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular recordings were made from cold-receptive afferent fibers in the trigeminal ganglion of rats anesthetized with halothane. By applying a standardized series of steady or changing temperatures to the receptive fields, we recorded the static and dynamic responses of the afferents. Comparable recordings were ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.53.2.429
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that neural networks respond to a wide variety of modulatory substances by which they can become reconfigured, yet few studies have examined the effects of neurotransmitter mixtures on such networks. In a previous study of the medicinal leech using triple intracellular recordings, we found that ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.5.2039
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::When an object is lifted vertically, the normal force increases and decreases in tandem with tangential (load) force to safely avoid slips. For horizontal object transport, horizontal forces at the contact surfaces can be decomposed into manipulation forces (producing acceleration/deceleration) and grasping forces. Al...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00267.2007
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is not known how changes in skin mechanics affect the responses of cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the finger pads to compression forces. We used venous occlusion to change the stiffness of the fingers and investigated whether this influenced the firing of low-threshold mechanoreceptors to surfaces of differing stiff...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00176.2014
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We studied the blocking properties of a spider (Nephila clavata) toxin (JSTX) purified from venom on the spiny lobster neuromuscular junction. 2. When a small amount of JSTX was applied to the neuromuscular junction, the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) was partially suppressed. The amplitude of EPSPs remai...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.58.2.319
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Learning theories of drug addiction propose that the disorder is, at least in part, attributable to drug effects on accumbal mechanisms that are normally involved in reward-related learning. The neurophysiological mechanisms that might transduce such a drug effect on accumbal mechanisms have yet to be identified. Prev...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00849.2002
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Propriospinal interneurons in the thoracic spinal cord have vital roles not only in controlling respiratory and trunk muscles, but also in providing possible substrates for recovery from spinal cord injury. Intracellular recordings were made from such interneurons in anesthetized cats under neuromuscular blockade and ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00738.2010
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The octopus cells of the posteroventral cochlear nucleus receive inputs from auditory-nerve fibers and form one of the major ascending auditory pathways. They respond to acoustic and electrical stimulation transiently and are believed to carry temporal information in the precise timing of their action potentials. The ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.872
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cutaneous reflexes evoked in the muscles of the arms with electrical stimulation of nerves of the foot ("interlimb reflexes") are observed during walking. These reflexes have been suggested to coordinate the actions of the legs and arms when walking is disturbed. Recently, we showed that cutaneous reflexes evoked in t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00746.2006
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Single-unit electrical activity has been recorded from 34 dorsal horn neurons in the sacral segments (S1-2) of the spinal cord in halothane-anesthetized rats. All of the neurons had cutaneous receptive fields (RFs) on the rat's tail. The neurons were classified according to their responses to both innocuous and nox...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.63.5.1022
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::GABA(B)-receptor-mediated inhibition was investigated in anatomically identified inhibitory interneurons located at the border between the dentate gyrus granule cell layer and hilus. Biocytin staining was used to visualize the morphology of recorded cells. A molecular layer stimulus evoked a pharmacologically isolated...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.3.1438
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta-band oscillations are a dominant feature in the sensorimotor system, which includes movement-related beta desynchronization (MRBD) during the preparation and execution phases of movement and postmovement beta synchronization (PMBS) on movement cessation. Many studies have linked this rhythm to motor functions. Ho...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00238.2020
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine changes in motor unit activity in the biceps brachii muscle after an initial (Bout 1) and repeated (Bout 2) session of eccentric exercise separated by 1 wk. Eight subjects (aged 22 ± 2 yr) participated in experimental assessments of neuromuscular function obtained before, immed...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00854.2010
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we show that inhibition shapes diverse responses to species-specific calls in the inferior colliculus (IC) of Mexican free-tailed bats. We presented 10 calls to each neuron of which 8 were social communication and 2 were echolocation calls. We also measured excitatory response regions: the range of tone burst fre...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.4.1941
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic interactions between nearby excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the neocortex are thought to play fundamental roles in sensory processing. Here, we have combined optogenetic stimulation, whole cell recordings, and computational modeling to define key functional microcircuits within layer 2/3 of mouse primary...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00917.2011
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00