Abstract:
:The Flavivirus genus comprises many viruses (including dengue, Zika, West Nile and yellow fever viruses) which constitute important public health concerns worldwide. For several of these pathogens, neither antivirals nor vaccines are currently available. In addition to this unmet medical need, flaviviruses are of particular interest since they constitute an excellent model for the study of spatiotemporal regulation of RNA metabolism. Indeed, with no DNA intermediate or nuclear step, the flaviviral life cycle entirely relies on the cytoplasmic fate of a single RNA species, namely the genomic viral RNA (vRNA) which contains all the genetic information necessary for optimal viral replication. From a single open reading frame, the vRNA encodes a polyprotein which is processed to generate the mature viral proteins. In addition to coding for the viral polyprotein, the vRNA serves as a template for RNA synthesis and is also selectively packaged into newly assembled viral particles. Notably, vRNA translation, replication and encapsidation must be tightly coordinated in time and space via a fine-tuned equilibrium as these processes cannot occur simultaneously and hence, are mutually exclusive. As such, these dynamic processes involve several vRNA secondary and tertiary structures as well as RNA modifications. Finally, the vRNA can be detected as a foreign molecule by cytosolic sensors which trigger upon activation antiviral signaling pathways and the production of antiviral factors such as interferons and interferon-stimulated genes. However, to create an environment favorable to infection, flaviviruses have evolved mechanisms to dampen these antiviral processes, notably through the production of a specific vRNA degradation product termed subgenomic flavivirus RNA (sfRNA). In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the fates of flavivirus vRNA and how this is regulated at the molecular level to achieve an optimal replication within infected cells.
journal_name
Front Genetjournal_title
Frontiers in geneticsauthors
Mazeaud C,Freppel W,Chatel-Chaix Ldoi
10.3389/fgene.2018.00595subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-12-04 00:00:00pages
595issn
1664-8021journal_volume
9pub_type
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journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
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journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
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doi:10.3389/fgene.2014.00027
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abstract::Fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI) occurs in about 20% of women who carry a premutation allele (55-200 CGG repeats). These women develop hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and have secondary amenorrhea before age 40. A non-linear association with repeat size and risk for FXPOI has been seen in mult...
journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00292
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Silversides are fish that inhabit marine coastal waters, coastal lagoons, and estuarine regions in southern South America. The freshwater (FW) silversides have the ability to tolerate salinity variations. Odontesthes humensis have similar habitats and biological characteristics of congeneric O. bonariensis, the most s...
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doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00028
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journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00404
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pub_type:
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doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.568223
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journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
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journal_title:Frontiers in genetics
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doi:10.3389/fgene.2012.00263
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fgene.2012.00293
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