Direct and indirect effects of plant and frugivore diversity on structural and functional components of fruit removal by birds.

abstract：:The acoustic behaviour of 15 sympatric and synchronically breeding species of frogs in an area of floating meadows near Manaus (Brazil) was studied for a period of 8 months. The calling positions of each species can be identified with certain physiognomic types of vegetation.Sound analyses were used to compare the mat...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hödl W

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a survey of 28 plant species of 6 major growth forms from Alaskan tundra, we found no consistent difference among growth forms in the chemical nature of stored reserves except for lichens and mosses (which stored C primarily as polysaccharides) and shrubs (which tended to store C more as sugars than as polysacchari...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Chapin FS 3rd,Shaver GR

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Egyptian Zygophyllum species, though limited in number, contribute in considerable measure to the desert vegetation. They represent a group of succulent plants which are drought resistant or salt tolerant living under severe dry climatic conditions. Their abundance is attributed to these characteristics in additio...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Batanouny KH,Ezzat NH

更新日期：1971-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cosmopolitan species of cellular slime molds occur continents apart in both tropical and temperate zones of the world though the spore masses are too heavy to be wind borne, and water dispersal is limited to the watercourses. A highly mobile distribution vector was found in ground-feeding migratory song birds. Nine ub...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Suthers HB

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The decomposition (meaning disappearance) of different leaf types and artificial leaves made from cellulose hydrate foil was studied in three forests - an alluvial forest (Ulmetum), a beech forest on limestone soil (Melico-Fagetum), and a spruce forest in soil overlying limestone bedrock.Fine, medium, and coarse mesh ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Herlitzius H

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transition between wintertime net carbon loss and springtime net carbon assimilation has an important role in controlling the annual rate of carbon uptake in coniferous forest ecosystems. We studied the contributions of springtime carbon assimilation to the total annual rate of carbon uptake and the processes invo...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Monson RK,Sparks JP,Rosenstiel TN,Scott-Denton LE,Huxman TE,Harley PC,Turnipseed AA,Burns SP,Backlund B,Hu J

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disturbance is now recognized as a key ecosystem process but few studies have examined its indirect effects on individuals in a population or its relationship to ecological dominance in a community. Using an ecologically dominant small mammal population in experimentally burned habitat as a model, I empirically tested...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Plavsic MJ

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that carnivorous plants are less responsive to prey at high soil nutrient levels than at lower levels (Givnish et al. 1984) is tested on four plant species (Drosera rotundifolia, Pinguicula alpina, P. villosa and P. vulgaris) from a subarctic environment. The response, measured in terms of seven charact...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Karlsson PS,Nordell KO,Carlsson BÅ,Svensson BM

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The community structure of sedentary organisms is largely controlled by the outcome of direct competition for space. Understanding factors defining competitive outcomes among neighbors is thus critical for predicting large-scale changes, such as transitions to alternate states within coral reefs. Using a spatially exp...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Sandin SA,McNamara DE

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Larger nymphs within aquatic insect taxa have been frequently observed to be transported down-stream in the stream drift only at night. Others have hypothesized this pattern results primarily from large nymphs' behavioural avoidance of entering drift during daylight, when size-selective, visually-feeding fish predator...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Poff NL,DeCino RD,Ward JV

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Populations ofDipodomys microps andD. merriami in eastern California (37°11'N. Lat.) are active on the surface throughout the night and during the whole year. These two species, and the males and females within each species, show no significant differences in times of beginning or end of activity. Beginning and end of...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Kenagy GJ

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cloud forest at Monteverde, Costa Rica, two common treelets (Palicourea lasiorrachis and Cephaelis elata, both Rubiaceae) depend simultaneously on one hummingbird population (Lampornis calolaema) for pollination. Both species are distylous and self-incompatible. In laboratory experiments, we examined possible effec...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Feinsinger P,Busby WH,Tiebout HM 3rd

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Folivory results in both leaf damage and the loss of photosynthetic capacity. Leaf damage activates the production of induced defenses, but diminished photosynthetic capacity resulting from lost leaf area may impair a plant's ability to respond defensively. Because damage-induced nicotine production in Nicotiana sylve...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Baldwin IT,Schmelz EA

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resource supply and pollen delivery are often thought to equally limit seed production in animal-pollinated plants. At equilibrium, plants should show no response to experimental pollen supplementation because resources limit seed set above the current level of pollen attraction, while experimental reduction in pollen...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ornelas JF,Lara C

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Existing models of microtine population regulation and life history evolution rely on data derived from empirical studies which assume spatial homogeneity of the sampling unit, and infer that population dynamics can be described adequately by aggregation of individuals differing in sex, age and social status. These as...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cockburn A,Lidicker WZ Jr

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interspecific interactions of herbivores sharing a host plant may be important in structuring herbivore communities. We investigated host plant-mediated interactions of root (Hylobius transversovittatus) and leaf herbivores (Galerucella calmariensis), released to control purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) in North...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hunt-Joshi TR,Blossey B

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A climate room is described for precise regulation of temperature and humidity. Humidity is regulated by regulation of the dew-point temperature of the air. The ranges for both dew-point and air temperature are from 2°C to 45°C. The precision of regulation for the temperature is ±0.05°C, for the dew-point temperature ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bruin MK,Brandt DC,Körner FJ

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review I offer a solution to the problem why endotherm populations appear to be so inefficient in converting food energy into body substance despite the fact that individual endotherms are just as 'efficient' in this respect as individual ectotherms. Calculated for individuals of half the adult mass both ectot...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wieser W

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four brook-dwelling populations of Ancylus fluviatilis were studied. Data on life-cycle, specimen number, biomass and egg capsule biomass are reported. By means of experimental data on ingestion, assimilation, growth and egg-production, energy balances are calculated for whole populations.Mean annual biomass turned ou...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Streit B

更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gut extracts of Gammarus fossarum liberated reducing substances (at pH values ≤7) and amino acids (pH≥7) from freshly shed oak leaves only after removal of soluble leaf phenols. When carboxymethylcellulose was used at a concentration equal to that of leaf cellulose, release of reducing substances was considerably high...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bärlocher F

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study quantified both the age- and sex-specific survival rates of juveniles and adults, and tested for interannual differences in age-specific survival rates of the southern elephant seal population at Marion Island. Pups were tagged on an annual basis from 1983 onwards at Marion Island, and a consistent recaptur...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pistorius PA,Bester MN,Kirkman SP

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of habitat by female and male adult capercaillie Tetrao urogallus during summer and autumn was studied by comparing the distribution of radio locations of birds with the availability of habitat at forest stand, home range and landscape level in an area of the Bavarian Alps, Germany. Capercaillie preferred fore...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Storch I

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rodents of the family Heteromyidae are proficient gatherers and hoarders of seeds. A major component of their adaptive specialization for harvesting and transporting seeds is their spacious, fur-lined cheek pouches. Precise measurements of cheek pouch capacities are essential if ecologists are to understand the foragi...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Vander Wall SB,Longland WS,Pyare S,Veech JA

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In ant-plant symbioses, the behavior of ant inhabitants affects the nature of the interaction, ranging from mutualism to parasitism. Mutualistic species confer a benefit to the plant, while parasites reap the benefits of the interaction without reciprocating, potentially resulting in a negative impact on the host plan...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Tillberg CV

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental studies were used to examine the mechanisms governing the distribution and abundance of two major patch types in unshaded reaches of Augusta Creek, Michigan (USA). One patch type is dominated by Cladophora glomerata, a macroalga potentially able to monopolize space, whereas the other type is comprised of ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hart DD

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have suggested that aquatic microcrustaceans are relatively efficient dispersers in a variety of landscapes, whereas others have indicated dispersal limitation at large spatial scales or under specific circumstances. Based on a survey of a set of recently created ponds in an area of approximately 18 × ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Juračka PJ,Declerck SA,Vondrák D,Beran L,Černý M,Petrusek A

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although plant growth is generally recognized to be influenced by allocation to defense, genetic background (e.g., inbreeding), and gender, rarely have those factors been addressed collectively. In quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), phenolic glycosides (PGs) and condensed tannins (CTs) constitute up to 30 % o...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cole CT,Stevens MT,Anderson JE,Lindroth RL

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tree species Xylocarpus granatum is commonly described as occurring in the upper intertidal zone of mangrove forests, but mature trees are occasionally found at lower elevations. In the Utwe River basin, on the Pacific island of Kosrae, we investigated the relative importance of several biotic and abiotic factors ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Allen JA,Krauss KW,Hauff RD

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The great majority of Eucalyptus spp. are facultative resprouters, and they dominate the eucalypt forests of Australia. Despite this numeric and geographic dominance, there is a general lack of knowledge of their capacity for carbon capture and water loss during canopy reinstation. After a crown-removing fire, we meas...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Turnbull TL,Buckley TN,Barlow AM,Adams MA

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tree population size structures and dispersion patterns were studied using stem maps in three old-growth western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla Sarg.)-western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn.) stands in the Rocky Mountains of northern Idaho and adjacent Washington. The two species were codominant in one stand, hemlock domin...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Turner DP,Franz EH

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00