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Molecular evidence for the inhibition of cytochrome p450s and cholinesterases in ticks by the repellent DEET.

Abstract：

:For more than 50 years DEET (N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide) has been considered the gold standard of repellents. It is applied to the skin or clothing to deter mosquitoes and other blood-sucking invertebrate pests from approaching and/or settling, and ultimately it provides temporary protection from bites. Despite rampant global use, surprisingly little is understood about DEET's mode of action and the molecular targets of the active ingredient. Furthermore, the theories into its mechanism for repellency are largely based off fruit fly and mosquito research. Since ticks possess a unique sensory structure, the Haller's organ, the specific genes and pathways associated with DEET avoidance may differ from insects. In these studies, we collected American dog ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) from four natural populations within Manitoba, Canada. We first carried out behavior assays, which showed DEET effectively repelled the ticks. RNA sequencing revealed that DEET caused a rapid and substantial reduction in the abundance of transcripts encoding cytochrome P450 and acetylcholinesterase genes, which gradually recovered over the 24 h time course. Finally, enzymatic kinetics provided functional support for DEET's role as an effective inhibitor of P450 s. While many facets of its mode of action remain to be worked out, our study provides valuable insights into the molecular underpinnings of DEET's repellence in ticks.

journal_name

Ticks Tick Borne Dis

journal_title

Ticks and tick-borne diseases

authors

Koloski CW,LeMoine CMR,Klonowski AR,Smith CM,Cassone BJ

doi

10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.12.006

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-04-01 00:00:00

pages

515-522

issue

3

eissn

1877-959X

issn

1877-9603

pii

S1877-959X(18)30444-8

journal_volume

10

pub_type

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